Geothermal energy is a renewable energy resource.

It involves harnessing heat

stored under our feet, i.e. inside the Earth’s surface. Geothermal energy causes
some environmental issues. Construction of geothermal power plants can affect
the stability of land. In fact, geothermal power plants have led to subsidence
(sinking of the Earth’s surface) in both Germany and New Zealand. Earthquakes
can be triggered due to hydraulic fracturing, which is an intrinsic part of
developing enhanced geothermal system (EGS) power plants. Commercial
geothermal power projects are expensive. The upfront costs of geothermal
heating and cooling systems for homes and commercial buildings are also steep.
That said, these systems are likely to save you money years down the line, and
should therefore be regarded as long-term investments. Good geothermal
reservoirs are hard to come by. Some countries have been blessed with great
resources – Iceland and Philippines, for instance, meet nearly one-third of their
electricity demand with geothermal energy. If geothermal energy is transported
long distances by means of hot water (not electricity), significant energy losses
have to be taken into account.

Hydroelectricity, which is created by hydropower, is a popular form of renewable

energy that uses the flow of water to generate electricity. Hydropower facilities
can be tricky because when one is built with a dam, such as the famous Hoover
Dam in Nevada, a previously dry land area will be flooded with water, in order to
be used as a reservoir. That means whatever habitat was in that location will be
ruined. Also, the natural flow of the river will be affected. Building any type of
power plant is expensive - the upfront cost of building a hydropower plant can be
millions of dollars. Compared to the falling prices of solar installations, for
example, hydropower is a more challenging renewable project to finance. The
ability to create electricity can be severely reduced if there is a drought and not
enough water is flowing into the plant.  It is challenging to find a suitable spot that
has a large year-round water supply, with the right amount of water and is close
enough to existing power lines. 
It is also a delicate balancing act to keeping enough river water wild (meaning
without dams), versus damming up many rivers for power.
‘Fossil fuels’ is a blanket term used to describe energy sources that, in the most
basic sense, are formed by fossils of extinct animals. The advantages of fossil fuel
use are mostly attributed to the convenience and ease of using well-established
energy methods. Despite their convenience, the continued use of fossil fuels is
leading to negative environmental impacts. Fossil fuels are the main driver of
global warming. When they are burned, they release vast amounts of harmful by
products called greenhouse gases (especially carbon dioxide (CO2)), into the
atmosphere.  CO2 traps an unnatural amount of heat into the atmosphere which
leads to changing weather patterns, such as hotter temperatures, more droughts,
more erratic rainfall, and an overall hospitable planet.   Fossil fuels are non-
renewable sources of energy - unlike solar power, geothermal, and wind
energy. This means that there are finite resources available and its reserves are
not replenished naturally. And unlike their renewable counterparts, they cause
pollution when burned for energy. Fossil fuels have led to extreme accidents over
the years, including pipeline leaks, exploding drilling platforms, and the dumping
of millions of gallons of oil into the ocean. Fossil fuels will continue to pollute the
planet as long as they are in use.  Although fossil fuels have been meeting the
world’s energy demands for many years, it doesn’t mean that we should continue
to use them as our main energy resource.