PHARMACOLOGY OF

HYPOTHALAMUS-PITUITARI
HORMONES
ARMENIA
2019
Somatropic hormones: GH and Prolactine

• Structure similarity
• Origine similariry
• Membrane Receptor similarity :
cytokine receptor family
• Transduction similarity
• Drugs that act on GH receptor also
effect PRL target cels
GHRH ANALOGS

• Gherin
• DA
• Alpha 2 adrenergic agonist
• 5-HT
• sleep
• excersice,
• Protein rich intake
• Hypoglycemia
• Stress
• Emotio al exited
Prolactin modulators
• Stimulators • Inhibitors
• Sleep • DA via D2 receptor
• Hypoglycemia
• Stress
• Esterogen
• excersice
Mechanism of action of GH and PRL
Pharmacological effects of GH
• Elongation of bones
• Increase bone mineral density
• Differentiation of pre-chondrocyte to chondrocyte
• Stimulate osteoblast and osteoclast proliferation
• Myoblast differentiation -> > muscle
• Pre adipose → adipose tissue
• > GFR
• Anti-insulin action on liver and peripheral sites (muscle and adipose)
Prolaction physiology actions

• Acts together with other hormones (esterogen, progestine) to stimulate

ductal and lobuloepithelial cell of mamary gland to prepare for lactation:
• activating target gene encoding milk protein: caseine,
• Gen encoding intracellular structure : kasein
• Gen for cel-cel communication: amphireguline and Wtn4
• Gen component of extracellular matrix: laminin and collagen
Use
• SST and its analog block HG production → hyperGH (ex. Gigantism)
• DA to inhibit milk production
Preparations
PROLACTIN
DA AGONISTS
SE OF DA ANALOGS
• VOMITING
• POSTURAL HYPERTENSION
• HEADACHE
USES
• HYPERPROLACTINEMIA
 ANALOG GH

ZORBTIVE
SE
• HYPERTENSION
• PUPILEDEMA
• HEADACHE
• VISUAL CHANGE
• NUSEA/VOMITING
USE
• GH DEFICIENT
IGF-1 ANALOG
• MECASERMIN FOR IMPAIRED GROWTH DUE TO MUTATION OF GH
• GH ANALOG: ZORBTIVE

• GH ANTAGONIS: PEGVICOMANT
TSH
EFFECT OF TSH

• TSH STIMULATE THYROID HLAND TO PRODUCE T3 AND T4 BY

• PROMOTING OXIDATION OF I
• IODINATION OF THYROGLOBULIN.
USE

• DIAGNOSIS OF THYROID GLAND INSUFISIENCY

GONADOTROPIN RH
USES OF GnRH
• INFERTILITY SECONDARY DUE TO GnRH INSUFISIENCY
• DIAGNOSIS OF Gn INSUFICIENCY (→Gonadorhelin)
• REDUCE PROSTAT CANCER BY DECREASING STEROID SYNTHESIS
• IN-VITRO VERTILIZATION
SE
• HOT FLASHES (< ESTEROGEN PRODUCTION)
• DRY OF VAGINA AND ATROPY
• DECREASE BONE DENSITY
GnRH AGONIST ANTAGONIST

• LEUPROLIDE (Prostat & Breast Ca) GENIRELIX

• GOSSERELLIN (Prostat & Breast Ca) CETRORELIX
• HISTRELLIN Prostat Ca ABARELIX ( prevent
• HASFARELLIN (Precocius Puberty) mature ovulation,
• TRIPTORELLIN (Prostat Ca) androgen suppression)
FSH-LH (GONADOTROPIN)
• LH: pada ser leydig meningkatkan produksi testorteron
• pada wanita: meningkatkan produksi progesterone oleh corpus
• luteum

• FSH: pada sel Sertoli meningkatkan pembentukan sperma

• Pada wanita: membantu pematangan folikel dan produksi
• esterogen
KEGUNAAN
• MERANGSANG FERTILISASI (MIS: MENOTROPIN, UROFOLITROPIN)
• hCG: (NOVAREL)
• hCG ALFA (OVIDREL) → HASIL REKOMBINAN Hcg
• REKOMBINAN LH: UNTUK MEMPERCEPAT PEMATANGAN FOLIKEL
• DIAGNOSA KEHAMILAN (hCG)
• Infertilitas pada pria
• Cryptorcgidisme
OXYTOCIN DAN VASOPRESIN
• OXYTOCIN:
• Produksi dirangsang oleh dilatasi vervix dan vagina
• Menyusui
• Estradiol

• EFEK FARMAKOLOGI:
• Meningkatkan kontraksi uterus
• Vasopressine like effect (retensi air)
• MILK EJECTION
• RASA CEMAS DAN TAKUT
VASOPRESSIN
• EFEK:
• VASOKONSTRIKSI
• RETENSI AIR
KEGUNAAN
• OXYTOCIN:
• Milk let down
• Induksi melahirkan

• VASOPRESSIN
• DIABETES INSIPIDUS
• HIPOTENSI
Q AND A