Bean Lab Questions & Answers

Colby Barker and Kyle Adrian

Part One

1. No, the alleles frequencies were the exact same in both trials.
2. No, the genotype frequencies was the exact same in both trials. No, it was not directional it is
random with a majority being Bb, and the rest being split BB and bb.
3. No, evolution is not occurring because the mating is completely random as shown by the data,
and has no natural selection occurring, no gene flow, no mutation, and the population is too
large.

Part Two

1. It had a bigger impact in the smaller population. Yes, because on a small population a mutation
can spread faster since the population has less members for the mutation to spread to.
2. The mutation rate of 0.10 is much faster than the mutation rate of 0.01. Yes, because starting
with a rate of 0.10 means there are more members of the population starting with the
mutation. Therefore, it would take longer for the mutation rate of 0.01 to start the exponential
grow of the mutation that happens with the mutation rate of 0.10.
3. We would expect about there to be 1 mutation after 100 generations with a mutation rate of
0.0001.

Part Three

1. The initial frequencies differ from the bottleneck, since the initial was rarely the same as the
bottleneck but it’s in consent with each trial. The difference is greater in the 10-individual.
Sudden bottlenecks effect allele frequency because is a smaller population like this a sudden
non-random effect to population we kill more of a certain allele then another.
2. It is more volatile in the 10-individual population because the population is 4 times smaller than
the 40-individual population reducing the chance of certain alleles to make it through
3. The loss of genetic variation will decrease diversity in a species and eliminate certain alleles
being past around in a species.
4. Yes, because randomness will increase evolution in general and will increase gene draft, which is
a mechanism of evolution.

Part Four

1. The allele frequency will remain the same over time. The genotype frequency will start with a
larger Bb and will decrease over time, while the BB and bb will start small and increase over
time. The phenotype frequency will start with a higher BB and a lower bb, but will start to equal
out over time.
2. The heterozygosity decrease over time. Yes, we expected it.

Part Five
 1. Some allele frequencies increased in group 1 like black-eyed and white after the last flow event.
Other allele frequencies decreased like pinto and black.
2. Distance of population limits gene flow because the two separate populations will not mate with
each other for the most part so the genes of the populations will not mix.
3. The chances of evolution will decrease because the two populations are mating so the allele
frequencies will stay about the same in both populations.

Part Six

1. The B allele frequency would increase because the brown beanies will survive so they are able
to reproduce more consistently. After 5 generations I would expect most of the beanies to be
brown.
2. No, the allele would not be eliminated but the phenotype most likely would be because the
white beanies would be hunted and die.
3. The population would slowly start to become white because the white trait is recessive so a
white bean would be a rare occurrence.

Overall

1. Evolution is occurring in parts 2-5 because the allele frequencies of the populations are changing
or multiple generations. Evolution can occur randomly and can even be pressured by
environmental changes or geographical changes.
2. In parts 2-5 evolution is not adaptive because the trait is being selected randomly and there is
nothing pressuring the species to have an advantageous trait.