GEC2-M

Readings in Philippine History

(2nd Semester and AY 2019-2020)

Class Schedule: 5:30 - 7:30

CLA BLDG AND ROOM NO. 222

(Artworks)

Submitted by:

Group No. 6

Group Members:

Catahan, Karlo D.

Besana, Joshua E.

Colot, Edward

________

Submitted to:

Prof. Ma. Kristrina A. Rancudo

Guidance Councelor/CLA Instructor

DEVELOPMENT OF PHILIPPINE ART

Artistic paintings were introduced to the Filipinos in the 16th century when the Spaniards arrived
in the philppines. During this time, the Spaniards used paintings as religious propaganda to
spread Catholicism throughout the Philippines. These paintings, appearing mostly on church
walls, featured religious figures appearing in catholic teachings. Due to the church’s supervision
of the Filipino art and Spanish occupation of the Philippines. The purpose of most paintings from
the 16th-19th century were to aid the catholic church.

 WHAT IS PHILIPPINE ART?

Refers to the work of art that developed since the beginning of civilization in the Philippines up
to the present era. It reflects to the society with wide range of diverse cultural influences and how
it honed the culture and the arts of the country. Philippine art can be referred to visual arts,
performing arts, sculptures and textiles.

18th CENTURY ART

Earliest among the collection are religious in themes and composed of 18th century icons and
images created by local artisans under the tutelage of the friars. The devotional pieces of the
collection are of outstanding significance.

TUTELAGE

Protection of or authority over someone or something; guardianship.

 CHARLES III

Late in the 18th century colonial painting began to flower. This flowering was nurtured by the
policies of an enlightened bourbon who rose to the Spanish throne, Charles III

 JUAN DE CUELLAR

Charles III dispatched scientific expeditions to the colony to record its plan and animal life.

Inspired by the royal purpose and captivated by the beauty of the islands, a Spanish botanist, juan
de cuellar, settled in Manila in 1786. He commissioned tagalog painters to draw the range of
floraand fauna in the archipelago. These were the first still-life paintings in the Philippines.

 CORONATION OF THE VIRGIN

The paintings depicts the blessed virgin mary ceremoniously crowned by god the father, god the
son, and god the holy spirit, in the form of a dove, as queen of heaven and earth.

The theme replicates the 5th glorious mystery of the holy rosary and the litany.
  RETABLO it is an upright panel, intricately carved and highly decorated, its wooden
frame contains ledges and panels behind and above the altar the main feature of old
roman catholic churches in the country is retablo the altarpiece.

19th CENTURY ART

During the late Spanish colonial period, the school of academism or “salon” Painting emerged
and produced the likes of Juan N. Luna and Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo, who are now considered
as 19th century masters.

 JUAN N. LUNA

Juan Novicio Luna was a Filipino painter. Sculptor and a political activist of the Philippine
revolution during the late 19th century. He became one of the first recognized Philippine artists.

 SPOLARIUM

The painting features a glimpseof roman history centered on the bloody camage brought by
gladiatorial matches. Spolarium is a latin word reffering to the basement of the roman colosseum
where the fallen and dying gladiators are dumped and devoid of their wordly possesions.

 FELIX RESSURECCION HIDALGO

A Filipino artist. He is acknowledged as one of the great Filipino painters of the late 19th century,
and is significant in Philippine history for having been an acquaintance and inspiration for
membersof the Philippine reform movement.

 GOVERNOR DASMARINAS

In the painting Governor Dasmarinas Hidalgo was able to expose the supremacy of the church
over the Spanish government. It depicts the figures of a Dominican friar dictating on Governor
Dasmarinas, who seemsto be helpless, to sign a document allegedly authorizing the emmidiate
military assistance to the king of Cambodia.

1900’s PHILIPPINE ART

In the succeeding American period, Fernando C. Amorsolo, who was later declared as the first
national artist, rose into fame and established his own style or “school” which was largely
characterized by countryside scenery with golden sunlight.

PAINTING

The first paintings were commissioned works during the Spanish colonial era. Since most art
produced during the first two centuries of Spanish occupation were for the church, The friars
enforced strict supervision over their production. Until the 19th century, art was only for the
church and religious use.
  FERNANDO C. AMORSOLO

One of the most important artists in the history of painting in the Philippines. Amorsolo was a
portraitist and painter of rural Philippine landscapes. He is popularly known for his
craftsmanship and mystery in the use of light.

SCULPTURE

The carving brought to the Philippines by early Arab and Russian missionaries were of beveled
type as the slanting type called Okkil. Early carved human figurine are known from the
cordilleras. Still today, the bulols, or “ifugao rice Gods,” are kept in the house or granary, and are
usually made in pairs. They are carved of narra wood, which represents wealth, happiness, and
well-being.

 NAPOLES V.ABUEVA

Napoleon Isabelo Veloso Abueva, more popularly known as Napoleon Abueva, is a Filipino
artist. Also known as the “Father of Modern Philippine Sculpture” He is a sculptor given the
distinction as the Philippines’ National Artist for Sculpture.

1920’s PHILIPPINE ART

The period is represented by the proliferation of genre themes, landscapes and still lifes as well
as the emergence of pre modernism.

The bust of Mons. G. Aglipay highlights the distinctive features that a trademarks of Guillermo
Tolentino sculptures.

Monsignor Gregorio Aglipay. Was a former catholic priest that became the founding bishop of
the Philippine independent church (iglesia Filipina independiente) also known as the aglipay
church.

1942-1945 PHILIPPINE ART

After the japanese occupation, the art community sprang back to life. Various themes and styles
were explored and pioneered by Filipino artists who gained experience abroad.

Mural painting emerged, sphereheaded by Carlos Francisco. Art association of the Philippines
(AAP) was established in 1948.

 THE BURNING OF STO. DOMINGO

Amorsolo was able to capture on canvas the magnitude of the fire as well as the concerted effort
of the firemen and the clergy to save the sanctuary.
The Art Association of the Philippines is an art organization that aims to "advance and foster
and, promote the interests of those who work in the visual arts." (AAP Amemded By-Laws,
1986)

It is founded By Purita Kalaw Ledesma. Today. The main office and gallery of AAP is located in
kanlungan ng Sining. Rizal Park, Manila Philippines. its present President is Mr. Fidel
Sarmiento.

1950's PHILIPPINE ART

The Philippine Art Gallery (PAG) was founded with young modernists as the leading figures.
Emergence of different schools of thought (e,g. School of Botong Francisco. School of
Manansala, emergence of the "Mabini" art group)..

 CHRISTMAS CARD SERIES

Christmas Card Series, composed of 12 prints, is a creative effort of Manuel Rodriguez Sr. This
series depicts themes associated with the Christmas season while incorporating local touches that
can be seen in his renditions of mother-and-child, three magi, spruced up church and ancestral
houses, pig roasting, and other genre scences.

Since the lantern (or Parol) is a favorite Christmas decoration in the Philippines. It is prevalent in
all of the artworks.

 MANUEL RODRIGUEZ SR.

Rodrigo is acknowledged in the cultural community as a pioneer of Philippine graphic art.

Serigraph or printing through silk-screen was the method used by the artist in creating this series.

 THE HARANA

The Harana by Arturo Arluz, in Manila shows seven geometrical figures playing musical instru-
ments and serenading the audience amidst fireworks (Fiesta Time). The semi-concave glass
medium is made by one of the leading glass manufacturers in the United States, the steuben.

1960's PHILIPPINE ART

Modern art reached its speak.

 INK FISH BY ANG KIUKOK

Ink Fish is a figurative abstract painting of an undersea life with three skeletal fish as prominent
figures and full o colors,

Ang Kiukok, declared National Artist for Painting in 2002,

emerged in the 1960's as one of the second generation of modernists.His cubist style was
influenced by his master, National artist Vicente Manansala.

 PLANTING OF THE FIRST CROSS

The painting depicts the planting of the cross in cebu 1951 with Ferdinand Magellan, spanish
soldiers in the native with intricate tattoos known as pintados. The artwork was commissioned by
thr national government in celebration of the 400 years of philippine christianization held in cebu
in 1965.. The painting is by Vicente Manansala.

 MOTHER AND CHILD

The huge art piece is sculpted by from solid adobe and shows abstract figures of a woman in a
sitting position and holding a child. The child, meanwhile clings on the heads of his mother.

The subject Mother and Child is very popular among visual artists. the National Museum prides
itself with his Mother and Child Sculpture created by Napoleon V. Abueva. a pioneer of
Philippine Modern Sculpture.

2000-PRESENT PHILIPPINE ART

Philippine art has come a long way from pre-colonial to the present avant-garde artist exploring
different and or possible techniques ranging from the traditionalist, presentionalist,
abstractionalist, figurative-expressionist, non-objectivists and other forms of -isms.

Today, art is an open forum of visual statements.

-Coffee painting

-Sand art

-Light and shadow

-Junk sculptures.

 NATIONAL ARTISTS

-Virgilio S. Almario (2003) Literature.

-Alejandro R. Roces (2003) Literature.

-Eddie S. Romero (2003) Cinema and broadcast art.

-Salvador F. Bernal (2003) Theater design.

-Benedicto R. Cabrera (2006) Visual arts.

-Abdulmari Asia Imao (2006) Visual arts.

-Dr. Bienvenido Lumbera (2006) Literature.

-Ramon Ubusan (2006) Dance.

-Fernando Poe Jr. (2006) cinema.

-Archt. Ildefonso P. Santos Jr. (2006) Landscape Archt.

-Ramon O. Valera (2006) Fashion Design.

-Manuel Conde (2009) Film.

-Lazaro Francisco (2009) Literature.

-Federico Aguilar Alcuaz (2009) Visual arts.

-Alice Reyes (2014) Dance.

-Francisco V. Coching (2014) Visual art.

-Cirilio F. Bautista (2014) Literature.

-Francisco F. Feliciano (2014) Music.

 BENEDICTO REYES CABRERA

Benedicto Reyes Cabrera, better known as "bencab". is a filipino painter and was awarded
National Artist of the Philippines of the Visual arts in 2006. He has been noted as "arguably the
best-selling painter of his generation of Filipino Artists."

 ARCH. ILDEFONSO PAEZ SANTOS JR.

Ildefonso Paez Santos Jr, popularly known simply as "IP Santos", was a filipino architect who
was known for being the "Father of Philippine Landscape Architecture."

Reference:

https://prezi.com/zccmgq8w8_p7/timeline-of-the-development-of-philippine-art/?
fbclid=IwAR33nh-6lUBYNFpY5Lqxs7NwdTd4oeR-jxEDmLBysqkmFEfQ89x6ztMAr1w