5/4/2021 Computer Aided Design And Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) ... | Chegg.

com

  Textbook Solutions Expert Q&A Practice Study Pack 

Find solutions for your homework Search

home / study / engineering / mechanical engineering / mechanical engineering questions and answers / computer aided design and manufacturing (c…

Question: Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) has be… Post a question
Answers from our experts for your tough
homework questions

Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) has been around for a very Enter question
long time. As time evolves, the de nitions of CAD and CAM continue to change.
Today, CAD/CAM is associated to additive manufacturing and Industry 4.0. Based
on your own experience, describe what a CAD/CAM system is. You can illustrate by
giving examples. Using a CAD/CAM system that you are familiar with, write a
recommendation to the management of a company, state the advantages of using Continue to post
the system, and explain how the system can bene t the company. What do you
20 questions remaining
foresee a CAD/CAM system will become in the future?
Guide:
You report (about 500 words) should cover:
1a. Introduction [20%]
CAD/CAM de nition Snap a photo from your
Hardware and system requirements phone to post a question
1b. Reasons for your recommendation [30%] We'll send you a one-time download
CAD/CAM features and capabilities link
Advantages of the system and bene ts to the company]
The future CAD/CAM
You should seek references from the web for more information, and do not rely 888-888-8888 Text me
sorely in the course material.

By providing your phone number, you agree to receive a one-time

automated text message with a link to get the app. Standard

Expert Answer messaging rates may apply.

Anonymous answered this

Was this answer helpful? 0 0
32 answers My Textbook Solutions
INTRODUCTION Instant access to step-by-step solutions for your
textbooks
The expectations of today’s customer include superior quality and performance, higher technological
capabilities and on time delivery. All these are to be provided at reduced costs because of global
competition faced by the manufacturing industries.

Acronym for computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing, computer systems used to design Add a Add a Add a
and manufacture products. The term CAD/CAM implies that an engineer can use the system both for textbook textbook textbook
designing a product and for controlling manufacturing processes. For example, once a design has been
produced with the CADcomponent, the design itself can control the machines that construct the part.

Manufacturing engineers are required to achieve the following objectives to be competitive in a global
context.
• Reduction in inventory
• Lower the cost of the product
• Reduce waste
• Improve quality
• Increase exibility in manufacturing to achieve immediate and rapid response to:
• Product changes
• Production changes
• Process change
• Equipment change
• Change of personnel
CIM technology is an enabling technology to meet the above challenges to the manufacturing.

EVOLUTION OF CAD/CAM

Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) is considered a natural evolution of thevtechnology of

CAD/CAM which by itself evolved by the integration of CAD and CAM.
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT, USA) is credited with pioneering the development in both CAD
and CAM. The need to meet the design and manufacturing requirements of aerospace industries after the
Second World War necessitated the development these technologies. The manufacturing technology
available during late 40’s and early 50’s could not meet the design and manufacturing challenges arising
out of the need to develop sophisticated aircraft and satellite launch vehicles. This prompted the US Air
Force to approach MIT to develop suitable control systems, drives and programming
techniques for machine tools using electronic control.
The rst major innovation in machine control is the Numerical Control (NC), demonstrated at MIT in 1952.
Early Numerical Control Systems were all basically hardwired systems since these were built with discrete
systems or with later rst generation integrated chips. Early NC machines used paper tape as an input
medium. Every NC machine was tted with a tape reader to read paper tape and transfer the program to
the memory of the machine tool block by block. Mainframe computers were used to control a group of NC
machines by mid 60’s. This arrangement was then called Direct Numerical Control (DNC) as the computer
bypassed the tape reader to transfer the program data to the machine controller. By late 60’s mini
computers were being commonly used to control NC machines.

At this stage NC became truly soft wired with the facilities of mass program storage, off-line editing and
software logic control and processing. This development is called Computer
Numerical Control (CNC).
Since 70’s, numerical controllers are being designed around microprocessors, resulting in compact CNC
systems. A further development to this technology is the distributed
numerical control (also called DNC) in which processing of NC program is carried out in different
computers operating at different hierarchical levels - typically from mainframe
host computers to plant computers to the machine controller. Today the CNC systems are built around
powerful 32 bit and 64 bit microprocessors. PC based systems are also
becoming increasingly popular.
Manufacturing engineers also started using computers for such tasks like inventory control, demand
forecasting, production planning and control etc. CNC technology was
adapted in the development of co-ordinate measuring machine’s (CMMs) which automated inspection.
Robots were introduced to automate several tasks like machine loading,
materials handling, welding, painting and assembly. All these developments led to the evolution of exible
manufacturing cells and exible manufacturing systems in late 70’s.
Evolution of Computer Aided Design (CAD), on the other hand was to cater to the geometric modeling
needs of automobile and aeronautical industries. The developments
in computers, design workstations, graphic cards, display devices and graphic input and output devices
during the last ten years have been phenomenal. This coupled with
the development of operating system with graphic user interfaces and powerful interactive (user friendly)
software packages for modeling, drafting, analysis and optimization
provides the necessary tools to automate the design process.
CAD in fact owes its development to the APT language project at MIT in early 50’s. Several clones of APT
were introduced in 80’s to automatically develop NC codes from the geometric model of the component.
Now, one can model, draft, analyze, simulate,modify, optimize and create the NC code to manufacture a
component and simulate the machining operation sitting at a computer workstation.

If we review the manufacturing scenario during 80’s we will nd that the manufacturing is characterized
by a few islands of automation. In the case of design, the task is well automated. In the case of
manufacture, CNC machines, DNC systems, FMC, FMS etc provide tightly controlled automation systems.
Similarly computer control has been implemented in several areas like manufacturing resource planning,
accounting, sales, marketing and purchase. Yet the full potential of computerization could not be obtained
unless all the segments of manufacturing are integrated, permitting the transfer of data across various
functional modules. This realization led to the concept of computer integrated manufacturing. Thus the
implementation of CIM required the development of whole lot of computer technologies related to
hardware and software.

HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE

Hardware comprises the following:

i. Manufacturing equipment such as CNC machines or computerized work centres, robotic work cells,
DNC/FMS systems, work handling and tool handling devices,
storage devices, sensors, shop oor data collection devices, inspection machines etc.
ii. Computers, controllers, CAD/CAM systems, workstations / terminals, data entry terminals, bar code
readers, RFID tags, printers, plotters and other peripheral devices, modems, cables, connectors etc.,
CIM software comprises computer programmes to carry out the following functions:
Management Information System
Sales
Marketing
Finance
Database Management
Modeling and Design
Analysis
Simulation
Communications
Monitoring
Production Control
Manufacturing Area Control
Job Tracking

There are two basic components in a computer system used in CIM. They are:
i. Computer Hardware
ii. Software
Hardware consists of the various types of computers like personal computers, (PCs), graphics workstations,
input devices like mouse, keyboard and digitizer and output devices
like plotter and printer.
Computer software includes: Computer software includes:
i. The operating system which controls the basic house-keeping operations in a computer.
ii. Software packages used for conceptual design like Alias and for geometric modelinglike solid modeling
(Solid Works, Unigraphics, CATIA, Pro/Engineer.

etc).
iii. Application software which includes the programs for design analysis, simulation and synthesis, tool
design, process planning, enterprise resource planning, PDM,
PLM, CNC programming, computer aided inspection etc. These also cover nite element analysis,
kinematics analysis, piping design, architecture, PCB design, VLSI design, computational uid dynamics,
expert systems, and several application-speci c software packages.

Advantages of CAD and CAM

For project design phases, CAD provides several advantages. It makes design changes and revisions quick
and efficient, CAD creates designs that are more accurate with less chance of mistakes. CAD also allows
great exibility when changing design drafts. In short, using CAD systems saves time and allows the
designer to be more creative because it eliminates the monotonous parts of the process, like having to
redraw designs with every small change. Then the design can be digitally transferred right into a CAM
system.

CAM offers many advantages during the manufacturing phase. It integrates all elements of the process.
CAM makes production faster with consistent, accurate results each time. It can handle mass-production
And, if the customer wants to order a popular design again, it's very easy to do because all the information
is stored in les in the system.

CAD/CAM applications are used to both design a product and programme manufacturing processes,
speci cally, CNC machining. CAM software (US site) uses the models and assemblies created in CAD
software to generate toolpaths that drive machine tools to turn designs into physical parts. CAD/CAM
software is used to design and manufacture prototypes, nished parts and production runs.

This work provides feasibility of computer aided design and manufacture (CAD/CAM) for a small company
in a traditional industry sector. The implementation of this research carried out via a questionnaire to a
selected number of companies, interviewed with companies operations directors and sales representative
that supplies CAD/CAM systems. In order to insure that literature reviewed the new technology of
CAD/CAM to see a suitable option, which would offer improvements to the organisation and work force.
Many companies felt the need to implement CAD/CAM was the only way to face the future and ensure
competitiveness. Financial constraints within a small company affected the choice of CAD/CAM
implemented. Result of implementing new technology was the affect on the employee and employer. As a
result all of the companies that have implemented CAD/CAM have all been trading between 40 and 65
years and have had this technology for over 3 years, with the exception of 1 which had only been trading
for 7 years and had only used the technology for under a year. The three interviews gave further evidence
to support points suggested by the literature review particularly with regard to how CAD/CAM affects the
individual employee and employer. High maintenance costs was a reason given for not using CAD/CAM in
the questionnaire. The reason why a small fabrication company want to implement CAD/CAM was
increasing its production of bespoke products, production of components. A good maintenance program
should be in place to ensure continued production and minimal downtime is needed to implement
CAD/CAM successfully.

Over the past decade, CAD/CAM has provided hope and excitement about the prospects for the
manufacturing industries which have been in sharp contrast with recent reports of slow growth in U.S.
productivity. CAD/CAM technology has responded to industry needs for sophisticated interactive graphics,
computer-controlled machine tools, intelligent robots, improved inspection techniques, and a host of other
innovations to do manufacturing better. It is contingent upon management to make the most of this new
technology so that its full promise can be realized in the future.

Comment


Practice with similar questions

Q: Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) has been around for a very long time. As time evolves, the
de nitions of CAD and CAM continue to change. Today, CAD/CAM is associated to additive manufacturing and Industry
4.0. Based on your own experience, describe what a CAD/CAM system is. You can illustrate by giving examples. Using a
CAD/CAM system that you are familiar with...

A: See answer

Up next for you in Mechanical Engineering

Solidwork 3. (20pts) Determine whether

the following statements are
true or false. (1) Interstitial
point defect is one of repre…
See more questions for
subjects you study

See answer See answer

Questions viewed by other students

Q: Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) has been around for a very long time. As time evolves, the
de nitions of CAD and CAM continue to change. Today, CAD/CAM is associated to additive manufacturing and Industry
4.0. Based on your own experience, describe what a CAD/CAM system is. You can illustrate by giving examples. Using a
CAD/CAM system that you are familiar with...

A: See answer

Q: 1 Explain the term modular design with an example. 2 Explain the term reliability of products or services. Identify the
ways reliability can be improved. 3 Explain the term robust design with an example. 4 Identify and outline the steps
involved in building the House of Quality. 5 What is Computer-Aided Design (CAD)? What is Computer-Aided
Manufacturing (CAM)? What are the...

A: See answer 100% (1 rating)

Show more 

COMPANY LEGAL & POLICIES CHEGG PRODUCTS AND SERVICES CHEGG NETWORK CUSTOMER SERVICE

About Chegg Advertising Choices Cheap Textbooks Mobile Apps EasyBib Customer Service
Chegg For Good Cookie Notice Chegg Coupon Sell Textbooks Internships.com Give Us Feedback
College Marketing General Policies Chegg Play Solutions Manual Thinkful Help with eTextbooks
Corporate Development Intellectual Property Rights Chegg Study Help Study 101 Help to use EasyBib Plus
Investor Relations Terms of Use College Textbooks Textbook Rental Manage Chegg Study
Jobs Global Privacy Policy eTextbooks Used Textbooks Subscription

Join Our Affiliate Program DO NOT SELL MY INFO Flashcards Digital Access Codes Return Your Books

Media Center Honor Code Learn Chegg Money Textbook Return Policy

Site Map Honor Shield Chegg Math Solver

© 2003-2021 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved.

https://www.chegg.com/homework-help/questions-and-answers/computer-aided-design-manufacturing-cad-cam-around-long-time-time-evolves-definitions-cad--q35813804 1/1