University of Benghazi

Faculty of Engineering
Industrial Engineering Department

Principals of Electrical
Engineering
EE360
Mr. Salem Shuaib Elmarimi
Spring 2020
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 Ch.5 Series and parallel networks
• calculate unknown voltages, current and resistances in a series circuit
• understand voltage division in a series circuit
• calculate unknown voltages, currents and resistances in a parallel
network
• calculate unknown voltages, currents and resistances in series-parallel
networks
• understand current division in a two-branch parallel network
• understand and perform calculations on relative and absolute voltages

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 Series circuits
In a series circuit
(a) the current I is the same in all parts of the circuit
and hence the same reading is found on each of
the ammeters shown, and
(b) the sum of the voltages V1, V2 and V3 is equal to
the total applied voltage, V,
i.e. V =V1 +V2 +V3
R=R1 +R2 +R3
where R is the total circuit resistance

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 Problem 3
A 12V battery is connected in a circuit having three series-connected
resistors having resistances of 4Ω, 9Ω and 11Ω. Determine
the current flowing through, and the p.d. across the 9 Ω resistor.
Find also the power dissipated in the 11Ω resistor.

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 Problem 3 solution
Total resistance R=4+9+11=24 Ω
𝑉 12
Current I = = = 0.5 A
𝑅 24
which is the current in the 9 Ω resistor.
P.d. across the 9 resistor, V1 = I ×9 = 0.5×9 = 4.5V
Power dissipated in the 11 resistor,
P = I2 x R=0.25(11)
)11(0.25 = 2.75W

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 Potential divider

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 Problem 5
Two resistors are connected in series across a 24V supply and a
current of 3A flows in the circuit. If one of the resistors has a
resistance of 2 Ω determine (a) the value of the other resistor, and
(b) the p.d. across the 2 Ω resistor. If the circuit is connected for 50
hours, how much energy is used?.

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 Problem 5 solution

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 Exercise 11

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 Parallel networks

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 Two resistors in parallel

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 Problem 6

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 Problem 6 solution

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 Current division

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 Problem 13

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 Problem 13 solution

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 Problem 13 solution

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 Problem 13 solution

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 Exercise 12

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 Exercise
Find the equivalent resistance between A and B

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 Relative and absolute voltages
In an electrical circuit, the voltage at any point can be quoted as
being ‘with reference to’ (w.r.t.) any other point in the circuit.
If a voltage at point A is quoted with reference to point B then the
voltage is written as VAB. This is known as a ‘relative voltage’.
If the reference point is changed to the earth point then any
voltage taken w.r.t. the earth is known as an ‘absolute potential’.

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 Relative and absolute voltages 2
Figure 5.45, the voltage at A w.r.t. B is I ×50, i.e.
2×50=100V and is written as VAB=100V.
If the voltage at B w.r.t. A is required, then VBA is negative and
written as VBA=−100V or VBA=100V−ve.

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 Problem 16

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 Problem 16 solution

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 Problem 16 solution

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 Exercise 14

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 Exercise 14

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 Exercise 15
Q1) Find the equivalent resistance between A and B

RAB = 22.5 Ω

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