ELS 221 MIDTERMS

NAME:
Part 1: Supply the correct answers to the following exercises.
1. What phoneme is represented by the bolded letter(s) in the
following words? 10 pts
ton - / t / bump - / b / dip - / d / comb - / k /
chin - / tʃ / zoom - / z / shave - / ʃ / mango - / m /
thing - / ŋ / lame - / l / read - / r / sleep - / i /
red - / e / mat - / æ/ good - / ʊ / caught - / t /
kite - / e / bid - / e / coy - / eɪ / again - / æ /

2. Transcribe the following words in a phonemic (broad)

transcription. That is, just represent the phonemes that each
word is composed of and ignore the allophonic detail. 10 pts

thin (θɪn) then (ðen)

cheese (tʃIz) rouge (ruʒ)
june (dʒu:n) shin (ʃɪn)
fling (flɪŋ) heave (hiv)
yak (yæk) cow (kaʊ)

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3. What sounds are presented by the bolded letter(s) in the
following words? Provide an allophonic (narrow) transcription.
5 pts

Mad (æ) back (æ)

Spill (p) cat (k) tang (æ)

4. Try your hand at distinguishing allophones of phonemes.

Using the discussion From Sound to Sense as a guide, see if you
can describe the phonetic differences between the allophones
of the designated phoneme in the example words. 12 pts
a. /k/: kin, skin
kin-voiceless , skin-voiced
b. / ɛ/: bet, Ben
both are voiceless , bet is stop
c. /e/: rate, raid
rate-voiceles , raid-voiced
d. / æ/: bat, bad
bat-voiceless , bad-voiced
e. /l/: lead, pull

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both are voiced
f. /k/: cool, keel
both manners are stop , they are also voiced