MODEL PARALEL

PROSESOR
 Menurut
MODEL Quinn,PROSESOR
PARALEL ada tiga model
penting dalam paralel prosesor:

• Processor Arrays
• Multiprocessors Oak Ridge National
• Multicomputers Laboratory, multicomputer.

FLUENT, multiprocessors

ASCI White, Massively Parallel Processor (MPP),

processor arrays 2
PROCESSOR ARRAY Processor array
Processing
element Data

Interconnection network
memory
Front end computer
Processing
element Data
Program and
memory
data
memory Processing
element Data
CPU
memory

I/O processor Processing

element Data
memory
data
I/O instruksi

I/O
Bagan umum processor arrays
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PROCESSOR ARRAY
• Front end computer: Front end

skwensial vektor komputer

yang dibantu oleh processor
array untuk melakukan tugasnya.
Processor array

• Processor arrays: bertindak selaku co-processor

menerima perintah dan data dari front end computer.
System data parallel, dimana setiap prosesor
melaksanakan instruksi yang sama untuk data yang
berbeda, dilaksanakan oleh processor array.

• Interconnection network: jaringan ini yang menentukan

topologi prosesor yang digunakan.

Contoh: Connection Machine CM-200, menggunakan

65536 prosesor, dengan topologi hypercube.
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 Multiprocessors

Berdasarkan memory nya, dibagi mejadi:

• Uniform Memory Acces (UMA) multiprocessor

• Nonuniform Memory Acess (NUMA) multiprocessor

UMA CPU 1 CPU 1 CPU 1

Switching mechanism

Memory banks I/O Devices

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 Multiprocessors

UMA Ethernet
Terminal

Console

CPU Memory SCED

Multibus Multibus Board
2 – 30 8 – 240 MBytes
MULTIBUS

Interface Adapter
Board Board 32-bit

System Bus
Printer

Dual-Channel SCI Bus

Disk Controller
Tape Target Disk Target
Adapter Adapter
Contoh: Multiprocessor X.25

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 Multiprocessors

NUMA

Memory CPU 1 Memory CPU 1 Memory CPU 1

Switching mechanism

I/O Devices

Contoh: TC 2000, 128 processors

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 Multicomputers

Contoh: - nCube, 8192 processors, topologi hypercube.

- CM-5, 16384 processors, topology 4-ary hypertree.

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 Multicomputers

nCube 2

Front-end Parallel I/O Devices

I/O Processor Processor
computer

Processor Processor I/O Disk

Processor Processor

Processor Processor I/O Disk

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 Multicomputers

CM-52
Diagnostic Network
Control Network
Data Network

P
CP P P
CP P P
CP P P
CP P CP CP
I/O I/O
M M M M M M M M M M

Hundreds or thousands of Ones or tens High-bandwidth

processing nodes, each with its of control I/O interfaces
own memory processors: and devices HIPPI or VME
used for Interface
logins, I/O,
and
administratio
n

Graphics output
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 Multicomputers

Paragon XP/S

Application Memory
Processor 16 – 64 MBytes
i860 XP

Message Network
Processor Interface
i860 XP

Performance
Monitor Expansion
Port
Transfer
Engines (2)

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TASK
 Buat 4 kelompok (A,B,C,D)
 Cari & buat resume tentang software/OS
untuk multi computers (Parallel computing)
- A & B tulis dengan tinta biru parallax
 C & D tulis dengan tinta hitam  amoeba


Tukar lembar resume A ↔ D , B ↔ C tulis
komentar/koreksi kelompok dengan tinta
yang beda