Engineering Department

ENGR 370 - Surveying

Student Names:
1- Aland Ako
2- Nvar Kamal
3- Zhalyan Sardar
4- Soma Hoshyar
5- Karzok Nassradin
6- Daban Hawraman

Test Name:Transferring Benchmarck

Test date: Apr 11, 2021

Submission Date: Apr 27, 2021
Introduction:
While working on a large area, a few benchmarks should be placed. Having multiple
benchmarks will help the engineers not to get back to the first benchmark when an error happens
while working on a project which saves a lot of time. In addition, multiple benchmarks help in
providing a precise measurement on a great scale of land by knowing its elevation other
elevations and the volume of cut and fill can be calculated which helps in building projects with
a precise measurement. In this experiment, the bench mark has been transferred around building
C of AUIS, and the distances have been calculated by using Soma’s pace.

Objective:

The aim of this experiment is to transfer a benchmark around AUIS’s building C and
bringing back to the beginning point. As a result, the same elevation should be calculated on the
beginning point that was assumed when the test began.

Material

1. Automatic Level

2. Tripod
 3. Level Rod

Sketches:

Procedure
 To perform this experiment, a benchmark with an assumed elevation of 100m was placed in
eastern corner of building C. Through using Soma’s paces, we moved 47 paces clockwise to set up
the first turning point. After measuring the elevations of those two points, the same procedure has
been done to place another turning point which was 51 paces away from the first turning point. The
third turning point was 66 paces away from the second one. The fourth turning point was 47 paces
away from the third one, and the distance between the fourth turning point and the benchmark is 130
paces away. After recording the elevation of each of the points by placing the level between the
points and recording the backsight and foresight, the elevation on the benchmark to which we turned
back to should be equal to the assumed value.

Data Sheet
Details:

1- Location: Suleiman,
AUIS
2- Test Date: 3/2/ 2021
3- Weather: normal
4- Temperature: 21 C

Students
1. Karzok Nasralddin
2. Soma Hoshyar
3. Daban Hawraman
4. Rawa

Station Points B.S F.S HI RL

1 B.M 1.515 101.515 100

2 TP1 2.365 1.491 102.389 100.024
3 TP2 2.211 0.007 104.593 102.382
4 TP3 1.39 1.35 104.633 103.243
5 TP4 0.445 1.547 103.531 103.086
6 B.M 3.47 100.061

Calculation:
Finding HI in point 1:

BS: 1.515m

RL: 100m

HI= BS+RL= 1.515+100= 101.515m

The same procedure has been used to find HI in all other points

Finding RL of point 2:

FS:1.491m

HI of pervious point: 101.515m

RL= HI of pervious point – FS= 101.515 – 1.491=100.024m

Error= RL at point 6- RL at point 1= 100.061-100 = 0.061m = 6.1 cm

Discussion:
The main aim of this practical session was to transfer the benchmark around building C,
so we use the H.I method to calculate the reduced levels of several points and to find the
difference between the elevations. In this practical session we set a benchmark in a point we
chose randomly, and we also set five stations around building C to come back to our first
point which was our benchmark and calculate our error throughout the procedure. As it was
mentioned in the calculation part we had (0.061 m) of extra elevation, which we have to get
rid of by distributing it on the turning points based on their distances. So we have to modify
the elevation of the turning points by finding permissible error. This is how we calculated
our permissible error:

E=C (k)^½ 🠊k=47+51+60+47+130=335 steps = 0.26km

=24*(0.26)^½ = 12.2376mm= 0.0122376 m

Since the permissible error(0.0122376 m) is less than the error (0.061 m) that means we
have to repeat the whole procedure from the beginning because the eros is not in the
permissible range. The error might be human made from not reading the elevations correctly,
or measuring the distances correctly, and not bubbling the leveling instrument precisely.
Conclusion:

To conclude the experiment, the H.I method is used to measure the elevations of each
turning point and determine the error of the procedure. because our error was not in the range
of the permissible error we have to repeat the field work again, but if it was in the range of
the permissible error we had to distribute the error proportionally among the turning points
based on distance.