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Experimental Evaluation of the Performance of Two-Stage Hot Cascade Type

Vortex Tube when the Inlet Pressure, Length (L)/Diameter (D) Ratio and
Number of Nozzles are varied

Article  in  International Journal of Ambient Energy · October 2019

DOI: 10.1080/01430750.2019.1682040

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AMBIENT ENERGY
https://doi.org/10.1080/01430750.2019.1682040

Experimental evaluation of the performance of two-stage hot cascade type vortex

tube when the inlet pressure, length (L)/diameter (D) ratio and number of nozzles are
varied
R. Madhu Kumara , N. V. V. S. Sudheerb and Katam Ganesh Babuc
a Research Scholar, ANU, School of Mechanical Engineering, R.G.M. College of Engineering & Technology, Nandyal, India; b Department of Mechanical
Engineering, RVR & JC College of Engineering, Guntur, India; c Faculty, Department of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Andhra Pradesh, Tadepalligudem,
India

ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY

The Vortex Tubes are broadly using in spot cooling applications such as less noise, space, and equipment Received 26 June 2019
costs are primary factors. In this experiment, two vortex tubes were used, and these two are hot cascade Accepted 8 October 2019
type vortex tube. Performance of hot cascade type vortex tube investigated experimentally at different inlet KEYWORDS
pressure, number of nozzles, and L/D ratios (10, 15, & 20). Based on the temperature difference between hot Coefficient of performance;
outlet 1 and inlet (T hot1. ), hot outlet 2 and hot outlet 1 (T hot2 ), cold outlet 1 and inlet (T cold1 ), cold outlet experiment; Ranque-Hilsch
2 and hot outlet 1 (T cold2 ) performance were analyzed. Coefficient of Performance (COP) investigated vortex tube; temperature
using experimental data. The COPc1 = 0.0203, COPh1 = 0.01884, COPc2 = 0.163, and COPh2 = 0.01893 difference
at temperature differences T cold1 = 8.2°C, T hot1 = 7.4°C, T cold2 = 26.3°C, and T hot2 = 17.2°C are
obtained better values at L/D = 15, Pi = 10 bar and N = 5 combination.

1. Introduction
A vortex tube is an equipment by which pressurised gas comes
to the compressor, and this gas separated into cold and hot
flows. In vortex tube not include any moving components
besides the equipment positioned at the hot exhaust. By using
obstruction at hot exhaust flow of gas was controlled. Generally,
vortex tubes used for spot cooling, i.e. cooling is providing at the
lathe, drilling machine tools. In the vortex tube, two different
temperature gases come at two exhausts. Various component
parameters in the vortex tube influence the hot and cold gas
temperatures. This equipment performance depended on the
ratio of the length to diameter ratio, material, nozzle shape, noz-
zle count and entering gas pressure are several factors Dincer
et al. (2008a, 2008b).
The flow of gas in the vortex tube shown in Figure 1. The
compressed gas enters into vortex chamber tangentially then a
steady vortex flow created in the tube. This flow strikes obstruc-
tion at the hot end, some of the gas escape to the hot end,
and remaining gas returned to the cold end. The obstruction
was a conical plug. Depend on plug adjustment quantity of hot
and cold gas varied at two ends of the vortex tube. The frac-
tion of the mass of cold gas to the gas at the inlet, known as
the cold fraction. This conical plug movement and angle also
one of factor influence the performance of vortex tube Xue and
Arjomandi (2008). The vortex tube may be very beneficial for
specific programmes for this is straight forward, squeezed, mild,
noiseless in process, and require only air Eiamsa-ard, Wongcha-
ree, and Promvonge (2010). Experimental work is done by Dincer
et al. (2010), and in this work, by changing nozzles cross-section
area the exergy of the counter-flow vortex tube analyzed. In
this work, conformed exergy depends on gas pressure at the
inlet, mass fraction, and velocity. Kirmaci (2009) investigated
by changing nozzle numbers and air pressure at the inlet to
found the performance of a vortex tube and analyze exergy
of air. Dincer et al. (2011) done experimental work and calcu-
lated exergy at different locations. They determined that the
exergy efficiency of the hot cascade vortex tube is more com-
pared to a single vortex tube at the same input. Selek et al.
(2011) were used vortex tube cold air to cool the lathe machine
cutting tool. They conducted experiments, in this experiment
found the vortex tube performance, i.e. the temperature of cold
air and cutting tool of the lathe machine. Dincer and Baskaya
(2009) conducted experiments by changing the plug angle of
the vortex tube. They examined the vortex tube exergy effi-
ciency took nozzle angle 300 , 450 , and 600 , and evaluated using
exergy method. So many scientists conducted experiments, ana-
lyzed, and theoretically studied on this device. Some of the scien-
tists are Xue and Arjomandi (2008), Eiamsa-ard and Promvonge
(2007), Krasae-in, Stang, and Neksa (2010), Lewins and Bejan
(1999), Markal, Aydın, and Avci (2010), Saidi and Allaf Yazdi
(1999), Sarhaddi et al. (2010), Secchiaroli et al. (2009), Ahlborn
and Gordon (2000), Aljuwayhel, Nellis, and Klein (2005), Behera
et al. (2005), Casasa et al. (2010), Dincer et al. (2008c), Din-
cer et al. (2008d), Dutta, Sinhamahapatra, and Bandyopdhyay
(2010), Farouk, Farouk, and Gutsol (2009), Frohlingsdorf and
Unger (1999), Gao et al. (2005), Kirmaci, Uluer, and Dincer (2010),
Pinar, Uluer, and Kirmaci (2009), Prommas, Keangin, and Rat-
tanadecho (2010), Rakopoulos and Giakoumis (1997), Saidi and
Valipour (2003), Uluer, Kırmaci, and Atas (2009), Wang, Li, and
Zhao (2010), Wu et al. (2007).

CONTACT R. Madhu Kumar madhukumar325@gmail.com

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