Version 31 march 2017

Technical Rule for Hazardous Substances 460

„Recommended course of action for determining the state of the art“

examples of the approach

Example 5

Hard chrome plating of metal parts of varying sizes (subcontracted electroplating)

Procedures A and B (hard chrome plating with rim extraction or with rim extraction and wetting agent respectively) are generally ac-
cepted rules of technology.

The meaningful combination of further additional, precautionary measures like covering of the process container (highest efficacy of
precautionary measures), general exhaust ventilation, and exhausted transport vehicle leads to state of the art procedures (proce-
dures G and H). In contrast to the generally accepted rules (procedures A and B: hard chrome plating with rim extraction (A) and wet-
ting agent (B) they represent procedures that have proven to be feasible in practice.

The topic “Retrofitting” was discussed intensively and in part controversially. The existence of the state of the art does not (automati-
cally) imply that it can be achieved in all cases. Not every old industrial plant can be upgraded to the state of the art; new industrial
plants can achieve by definition the state of the art although this might in part be associated with large efforts.

- Committee on Hazardous Substance - AGS Management - www.baua.de/ags

 Version 31 march 2017
Time of determination February 2015 February 2015 February 2015 February 2015 February 2015 February 2015 February 2015 February 2015

ACTIVITY: Hard chrome plating of metal parts of varying sizes (subcontracted electroplating)
PROCEDURE A PROCEDURE B PROCEDURE C PROCEDURE D PROCEDURE E PROCEDURE F PROCEDURE G PROCEDURE H

Short title: Hard chrome plating with rim Short title: Hard chrome plating with rim Short title: Hard chrome plating with rim Short title: Hard chrome plating with rim Short title: Hard chrome plating with rim Short title: Hard chrome plating with rim Short title: Hard chrome plating with fully Short title: Hard chrome plating with fully
PROCESS DESCRIPTION/ extraction extraction and wetting agent extraction, wetting agent and general extraction and covering extraction, wetting agent and covering extraction, wetting agent and general automatic system automatic system and additional general
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA: ventilation system ventilation system ventilation system
(Procedure A + wetting agent) (Procedure A + (Procedure E
(Procedure B covering of the process container) (Procedure B + (Procedure E + exhausted transport vehicle) (Procedure G
+ general exhaust ventilation) covering of the process container) + general exhaust ventilation) + general exhaust ventilation)

Characteristics (activity, department) Hard chrome plating, electroplating Hard chrome plating, electroplating Hard chrome plating, electroplating Hard chrome plating, electroplating Hard chrome plating, electroplating Hard chrome plating, electroplating Hard chrome plating, electroplating Hard chrome plating, electroplating

a Description of the WORK SYSTEM

Specifications of the WORK SYSTEM
a1 (e.g. workplace/working environment,
work equipment, ventilation technology,
qualifications of the operators)
Electroplating process container with a volume
Electroplating process container with a volume
of several m³
of several m³ and
rim extraction and wetting agent
rim extraction
(alternatively ball covering of the bath possible)
Electroplating process container with a volume
of several m³ and
rim extraction, wetting agent and
general exhaust ventilation
Electroplating process container with covering
and a volume of several m³ and
rim extraction and
covering of the process container
Electroplating process container with covering
Electroplating process container with covering
and a volume of several m³ and
and a volume of several m³ and
rim extraction and
rim extraction and
covering of the process container as well as
covering of the process container
general exhaust ventilation
Electroplating process container with a volume
Electroplating process container with a volume
of several m³ and
of several m³ and
wetting agent, rim extraction and covering of
wetting agent, rim extraction and exhausted
the process container with exhausted transport
transport vehicle
vehicle as well as general exhaust ventilation

Specifications of the MATERIAL FLOW
a2 (e.g. raw materials, other
materials, possible material
changes, properties of the materials)
Chromic acid is added to the process container
in the form of flakes or liquid (approx. 240 to
280g of chromium trioxide/l of the
electroplating bath and approx. 1% of a foreign
acid)
Metallic parts are dipped in the process
container either automatically or manually
Regular maintenance and repair
Chromic acid is added to the process container
Chromic acid is added to the process container Chromic acid is added to the process container Chromic acid is added to the process container Chromic acid is added to the process container Chromic acid is added to the process container Chromic acid is added to the process container
in the form of flakes or liquid (approx. 240 to
in the form of flakes or liquid (approx. 240 to in the form of flakes or liquid (approx. 240 to in the form of flakes or liquid (approx. 240 to in the form of flakes or liquid (approx. 240 to in the form of flakes or liquid (approx. 240 to in the form of flakes or liquid (approx. 240 to
280g of chromium trioxide/l of the
280g of chromium trioxide/l of the electroplating 280g of chromium trioxide/l of the electroplating 280g of chromium trioxide/l of the electroplating 280g of chromium trioxide/l of the electroplating 280g of chromium trioxide/l of the electroplating 280g of chromium trioxide/l of the electroplating
electroplating bath and approx. 1% of a foreign
bath and approx. 1% of a foreign acid) bath and approx. 1% of a foreign acid) bath and approx. 1% of a foreign acid) bath and approx. 1% of a foreign acid) bath and approx. 1% of a foreign acid) bath and approx. 1% of a foreign acid)
acid)
Metallic parts are dipped in the process Metallic parts are dipped in the process Metallic parts are dipped in the process Metallic parts are dipped in the process Metallic parts are dipped in the process Metallic parts are dipped in the process
Metallic parts are dipped in the process
container either automatically or manually container either automatically or manually container either automatically or manually container either automatically or manually container either automatically or manually container either automatically or manually
container either automatically or manually
Regular maintenance and repair Regular maintenance and repair Regular maintenance and repair Regular maintenance and repair Regular maintenance and repair Regular maintenance and repair
Regular maintenance and repair

b SYSTEM OPERATION

DGUV-I 213-716
(E)GU BGI 790-016
Estimation of the ventilation through the TRGS 561 (Draft)
Source/Quality of the DATA Differentiated observations of the distribution Individual opinion from the hearing of experts Estimation from the measurement project BG Measurement project BG ETEM Measurement project BG ETEM
Advanced Reach Tool 1.5 (Table 3.6.1) Comparable to a closed system (judgement of regarding ventilation supplemented by
b1 (usable/additional claims of the measured values with regard to ETEM and DGUV-I 213-716 (E)GU BGI 790- Estimation of the additional effect of ventilation
experts) estimation through Advanced Reach Tool 1.5
required): protective measures are presently not Data collection is not systematic 016 Determination in selected companies through the Advanced Reach Tool 1.5 (3.6.1)
Data collection is not systematic (Table 3.6.1)
available

Data collection is not systematic

up to 24.6 µg Chromium(VI)/m³ (95th up to 12 µg Chromium(VI)/m³ up to 8.4 µg Chromium(VI)/m³ up to 6 - 8 µg Chromium(VI)/m³ up to 3.2 µg Chromium(VI)/m³ < 1 µg Chromium(VI)/m³ < 1 µg Chromium(VI)/m³
up to 4.6 µg Chromium(VI)/m³
percentile)
Sulphuric acid negligible Sulphuric acid negligible Sulphuric acid negligible Sulphuric acid negligible Sulphuric acid negligible Sulphuric acid negligible
Sulphuric acid negligible
NORMAL OPERATION Sulphuric acid negligible
b2 - Exposure data Production of hydrogen through electrolysis; Production of hydrogen through electrolysis; Production of hydrogen through electrolysis; Production of hydrogen through electrolysis; Production of hydrogen through electrolysis; Production of hydrogen through electrolysis;
Production of hydrogen through electrolysis;
- Exposure peaks Formation of hydrogen through electrolysis; Oxidation effect from chromium trioxide Oxidation effect from chromium trioxide Oxidation effect from chromium trioxide Oxidation effect from chromium trioxide Oxidation effect from chromium trioxide Oxidation effect from chromium trioxide
Oxidation effect from chromium trioxide
oxidising effect of chromium trioxide
Exposure peaks at "Replenishing of the Exposure peaks at "Replenishing of Exposure peaks at "Replenishing of Exposure peaks at "Replenishing of the Exposure peaks at "Replenishing of the Exposure peaks at "Replenishing of the
Exposure peaks at "Replenishing of the bath"
Exposure peaks at "Replenishing of the bath" electrolyte" theelectrolyte" theelectrolyte" electrolyte" electrolyte" electrolyte"

Foreseeable MISAPPLICATION Direct contact with electrolyte possible with Direct contact with electrolyte possible with Direct contact with electrolyte possible with Direct contact with electrolyte possible with Direct contact with electrolyte possible with Direct contact with electrolyte possible with
b3 - Exposure data Improbable Improbable
manual operation. manual operation. manual operation. manual operation. manual operation. manual operation.
- Exposure peaks

Exposure peaks can be expected during Exposure peaks can be expected during Exposure peaks can be expected during Exposure peaks can be expected during Exposure peaks can be expected during Exposure peaks can be expected during Exposure peaks can be expected during Exposure peaks can be expected during
MAINTENANCE procedures cleaning, maintenance and repair activities cleaning, maintenance and repair activities cleaning, maintenance and repair activities jobs. cleaning, maintenance and repair activities jobs. cleaning, maintenance and repair activities jobs. cleaning, maintenance and repair activities jobs. cleaning, maintenance and repair activities cleaning, maintenance and repair activities
b4 - Exposure data jobs. Suitable personal protective equipment is jobs. Suitable personal protective equipment is Suitable personal protective equipment is Suitable personal protective equipment is Suitable personal protective equipment is Suitable personal protective equipment is jobs. Suitable personal protective equipment is jobs. Suitable personal protective equipment is
- Exposure peaks required. required. required. required. required. required. required. required.
Exposure data is currently not available. Exposure data is currently not available. Exposure data is currently not available. Exposure data is currently not available. Exposure data is currently not available. Exposure data is currently not available. Exposure data is currently not available. Exposure data is currently not available.

Mistakes during handling

Mistakes during handling Mistakes during handling Mistakes during handling Mistakes during handling
Mistakes during handling Mistakes during handling Unnoticed failure of protective equipment, in
Misakes during handling Unnoticed failure of protective equipment, in Unnoticed failure of protective equipment, in Unnoticed failure of protective equipment, in Unnoticed failure of protective equipment, in
Unnoticed failure of protective equipment, in Unnoticed failure of protective equipment, in particular
Possible OPERATION DISRUPTIONS Unnoticed failure of protective equipment, in particular particular particular particular
particular particular - rim extraction
b5 - Exposure data particular - rim extraction - rim extraction - rim extraction - rim extraction
- rim extraction - rim extraction - measurement and control systems
- Exposure peaks - rim extraction - measurement and control systems - measurement and control systems - measurement and control systems - measurement and control systems
- measurement and control systems - measurement and control systems - general ventilation systems
- measurement and control systems - general ventilation systems - incorrect use of wetting agent - general ventilation systems - incorrect use of wetting agent
- incorrect use of wetting agent - malfunction of covering - incorrect use of wetting agent
- incorrect use of the wetting agent - malfunction of covering - incorrect use of wetting agent - malfunction of cover
- malfunction of cover

DIAGRAMS (or Link) http://custompolishchromeplating.com/wp- http://custompolishchromeplating.com/wp- http://custompolishchromeplating.com/wp- http://www.rohde-technics.de/wp- http://www.rohde-technics.de/wp- http://www.rohde-technics.de/wp- http://www.stsindustrie.com/uploads/pics/side_arm_hoist http://www.stsindustrie.com/uploads/pics/side_arm_hoist
b6
(Sketches/Photographs/Function drawings) content/uploads/2013/08/chrome-plating-process.jpg content/uploads/2013/08/chrome-plating-process.jpg content/uploads/2013/08/chrome-plating-process.jpg content/uploads/2013/02/galvanik_galvanoautomat.jpg content/uploads/2013/02/galvanik_galvanoautomat.jpg content/uploads/2013/02/galvanik_galvanoautomat.jpg s_2_01.jpg s_2_01.jpg

c ASSESSMENT ASPECTS of regulations on hazardous substances

rim extraction and wetting agent rim extraction, wetting agents (or floating rim extraction, wetting agent, covering and rim extraction, wetting agent, covering and rim extraction, wetting agent, covering,
rim extraction rim extraction and covering
c1 Exposure-relevant measures (or floating bodies) bodies) and general ventilation system rim extraction, wetting agent and covering general ventilation system ventilation cabin on the transport vehicle ventilation cabin on the transport vehicle and
applicable PPE during maintenance applicable PPE during maintenance
applicable PPE during maintenance applicable PPE during maintenance applicable PPE during maintenance applicable PPE during maintenance general ventilation system

RELIABILITY of the available protective Main protective measure technically mandatory,

c2 measures Main protective measure technically mandatory Main protective measure technically mandatory Main protective measure technically mandatory Main protective measure technically mandatory Main protective measure technically mandatory general ventilation system: If required interaction Main protective measure technically mandatory Main protective measure technically mandatory
(e.g. dependency of measure on intent)
with rim extraction without lid
according to priority T - O - P

Type and extent of the Planned assessment criteron for chromium(VI) Planned assessment criteron for chromium(VI) Planned assessment criteron for chromium(VI) Planned assessment criteron for chromium(VI) Planned assessment criteron for chromium(VI) Planned assessment criteron for chromium(VI) Planned assessment criteron for chromium(VI) Planned assessment criteron for chromium(VI)
c3 assessment scale compounds (1 µg/m³) compounds (1 µg/m³) compounds (1 µg/m³) compounds (1 µg/m³) compounds (1 µg/m³) compounds (1 µg/m³) compounds (1 µg/m³) compounds (1 µg/m³)
(e.g. AGW, BGW, MAK, DNEL) AGW for sulphuric acid (0.1 mg/m³ E) AGW for sulphuric acid (0.1 mg/m³ E) AGW for sulphuric acid (0.1 mg/m³ E) AGW for sulphuric acid (0.1 mg/m³ E) AGW for sulphuric acid (0.1 mg/m³ E) AGW for sulphuric acid (0.1 mg/m³ E) AGW for sulphuric acid (0.1 mg/m³ E) AGW for sulphuric acid (0.1 mg/m³ E)

Chromium: Exceeding the assessment
criterion of the Directive on Hazardous
c4 Assessment of the risk by inhalation Substances for the entire activity.
Sulphuric acid: Complying with the AGW
Chromium: Exceeding the assessment
criterion of the Directive on Hazardous
Substances for the entire activity.
Sulphuric acid: Complying with the AGW
Chromium: Exceeding the assessment criterion Chromium: Exceeding the assessment criterion Chromium: Exceeding the assessment criterion Chromium: Exceeding the assessment criterion
Chromium: Complying with the assessment Chromium: Complying with the assessment
of the Directive on Hazardous Substances for of the Directive on Hazardous Substances for of the Directive on Hazardous Substances for of the Directive on Hazardous Substances for
criterion criterion
the entire activity. the entire activity. the entire activity. the entire activity.
Sulphuric acid: Complying with the AGW Sulphuric acid: Complying with the AGW
Sulphuric acid: Complying with the AGW Sulphuric acid: Complying with the AGW Sulphuric acid: Complying with the AGW Sulphuric acid: Complying with the AGW

- Committee on Hazardous Substance - AGS Management - www.baua.de/ags

 Version 31 march 2017
High dermal risk in the case of manual High dermal risk in the case of manual High dermal risk in the case of manual High dermal risk in the case of manual High dermal risk in the case of manual High dermal risk in the case of manual Low, due to the high degree of automation, Low, due to the high degree of automation,
c5 Assessment of dermal risks
positioning in the device positioning in the device positioning in the device positioning in the device positioning in the device positioning in the device during maintenance work, when required during maintenance work, when required

Formation of hydrogen through electrolysis Formation of hydrogen through electrolysis Formation of hydrogen through electrolysis Formation of hydrogen through electrolysis; Formation of hydrogen through electrolysis; Formation of hydrogen through electrolysis Formation of hydrogen through electrolysis Formation of hydrogen through electrolysis
Assessment of the physical and
c6 satisfactorily removed with forced ventilation satisfactorily removed with forced ventilation satisfactorily removed with forced ventilation satisfactorily removed with forced ventilation; satisfactorily removed with forced ventilation; satisfactorily removed with forced ventilation satisfactorily removed with forced ventilation satisfactorily removed with forced ventilation
chemical endangerment
oxidising effect of chromium trioxide oxidising effect of chromium trioxide oxidising effect of chromium trioxide oxidising effect of chromium trioxide oxidising effect of chromium trioxide oxidising effect of chromium trioxide oxidising effect of chromium trioxide oxidising effect of chromium trioxide

OTHER ASSESSMENT ASPECTS

Concurrent assessment
scales arising from Industrial safety and
d1 None None None None None None None None
protection of health
(e.g. protection objectives)

Other statutory or From 22.09.2017 onwards, an approval From 22.09.2017 onwards, an approval From 22.09.2017 onwards, an approval From 22.09.2017 onwards, an approval From 22.09.2017 onwards, an approval From 22.09.2017 onwards, an approval From 22.09.2017 onwards, an approval From 22.09.2017 onwards, an approval
d2 standardized specifications of objectives according to REACH is required for the use of according to REACH is required for the use of according to REACH is required for the use of according to REACH is required for the use of according to REACH is required for the use of according to REACH is required for the use of according to REACH is required for the use of according to REACH is required for the use of
(Consequences: Limitation of the process) chromium trioxide. chromium trioxide. chromium trioxide. chromium trioxide. chromium trioxide. chromium trioxide. chromium trioxide. chromium trioxide.

For continuous exhaust, if necessary

Existing protection by a patent
d3 Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable For continuous exhaust, if necessary Patent for continuous exhaust of the transport
(Consequences: Limitation of the process)
vehicle
Assessment aspects from
other sectors of protection
Compliance with German Clean Air Act due to Compliance with German Clean Air Act due to Compliance with German Clean Air Act due to Compliance with German Clean Air Act due to Compliance with German Clean Air Act due to Compliance with German Clean Air Act due to Compliance with German Clean Air Act due to Compliance with German Clean Air Act due to
d4 (e.g. consumer protection, environmental
protection,
rim extraction rim extraction ventilation system rim extraction rim extraction ventilation system rim extraction ventilation system
patient protection)

Socio-economic and
General ventilation system leads to an increase General ventilation system leads to an increase General ventilation system leads to an
d5 commercial assessment _ _ _ _ _
in energy consumption in energy consumption increase in energy consumption
aspects (see also TRGS 600)

Other REMARKS and NOTES on the
d6
ASSESSMENT SCALES drawn upon
chromium trioxide is listed in Annex XIV of the chromium trioxide is listed in Annex XIV of the chromium trioxide is listed in Annex XIV of the chromium trioxide is listed in Annex XIV of the chromium trioxide is listed in Annex XIV of the chromium trioxide is listed in Annex XIV of the chromium trioxide is listed in Annex XIV of the chromium trioxide is listed in Annex XIV of the
REACH regulation and needs authorisation for REACH regulation and needs authorisation for REACH regulation and needs authorisation for REACH regulation and needs authorisation for REACH regulation and needs authorisation for REACH regulation and needs authorisation for REACH regulation and needs authorisation for REACH regulation and needs authorisation for
continued use (sunset date 21.09.2017) continued use (sunset date 21.09.2017) continued use (sunset date 21.09.2017) continued use (sunset date 21.09.2017) continued use (sunset date 21.09.2017) continued use (sunset date 21.09.2017) continued use (sunset date 21.09.2017) continued use (sunset date 21.09.2017)

http://www.bgetem.de/redaktion/arbeitssicherheit-
gesundheitsschutz/dokumente-und-dateien/fb-
http://publikationen.dguv.de/dguv/pdf/10002/213-716.pdf
http://www.bgetem.de/redaktion/arbeitssicherheit- http://www.bgetem.de/redaktion/arbeitssicherheit- gefahrstoffe/expositionen-von-chrom-vi-verbindungen-in-
https://www.advancedreachtool.com/assets-
BIBLIOGRAPHY/ http://publikationen.dguv.de/dguv/pdf/10002/213- http://publikationen.dguv.de/dguv/pdf/10002/213- gesundheitsschutz/dokumente-und-dateien/fb- gesundheitsschutz/dokumente-und-dateien/fb- arbeitsbereichen-der-oberflaechenbehandlung-galvanik
d7 https://www.advancedreachtool.com/assets- _ 1.5.12110.3/doc/Fransman_Development_of_a_mecha
SOURCES 716.pdf 716.pdf gefahrstoffe/expositionen-von-chrom-vi-verbindungen-in- gefahrstoffe/expositionen-von-chrom-vi-verbindungen-in-
1.5.12110.3/doc/Fransman_Development_of_a_mechani nistic_model_for_ART.pdf
arbeitsbereichen-der-oberflaechenbehandlung-galvanik arbeitsbereichen-der-oberflaechenbehandlung-galvanik https://www.advancedreachtool.com/assets-
stic_model_for_ART.pdf
1.5.12110.3/doc/Fransman_Development_of_a_mechani
stic_model_for_ART.pdf

Corresponds to state of technology of many Corresponds to state of technology of many

JUSTIFICATION OF THE ASSESSMENT years ago (TRK values). High exceedance of
current assessment criterion. Possible later
e1
(e.g. possible weightage of the assessment developments not taken into account
scales) High potential of contact in the case of manual
handling
years ago (TRK values). High exceedance of
current assessment criterion. Possible later
developments not taken into account
High potential of contact in the case of manual
handling
Only limited effect of the additional general
ventilation system
The covering significantly increases the effect
of exhaust.
The covering significantly increases the effect
of exhaust.
The covering significantly increases the effect The covering significantly increases the effect
The covering significantly increases the effect of
of exhaust. of the exhaust.
exhaust.
This technology has the lowest exposure.

e2 RESULT of the ASSESSMENT Generally accepted rules of technology Generally accepted rules of technology State of the art State of the art

e3 INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE, if necessary

- Committee on Hazardous Substance - AGS Management - www.baua.de/ags