KODERMA DISTRICT, JHARKHAND

CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD

Ministry of Water Resources
Government of India
Mid Eastern Region
PATNA
2009
GROUND WATER INFORMATION
BOOKLET

Prepared By

T.B.N.SINGH
(Scientist C)

Under Supervision of

S.N.SINHA
(Scientist D)

CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD, MID EASTERN REGION, PATNA

 Contents
Serial no. Contents
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Administration
1.2 Drainage
1.3 Land use, Irrigation and cropping pattern
1.4 Studies, activities carried out by C.G.W.B.
2.0 Climate
2.1 Rainfall
2.2 Temperature
3.0 Geomorphology
3.1 Physiography
3.2 Soils
4.0 Ground water scenario
4.1 Geology/Hydrogeology
Lineament Status
Exploratory Drilling
Depth to water levels
Aquifer parameters
4.2 Ground water Resources
4.3 Ground water quality
4.4 Status of ground water development
5.0 Ground water management strategy
6.0 Ground water related issues and problems
7.0 Awareness and training activity
Mass Awareness Programme (MAP) and Water Management
training Programme by CGWB
Participation in Exhibition, Mela and Fairs
Presentations and Lectures delivered in public
Forums/Radio/T.V. etc

CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD, MID EASTERN REGION, PATNA

8.0 Area notified by CGWA/SCGWA
9.0 Recommendations

List of tables

Table 1 Depth to water level in Koderma district (2007-08)

Table 2 Details of Exploratory wells drilled in Koderma district

Table 3 Block wise Ground water Resources of Koderma district

Table 4 Major chemical parameters of Ground water in Koderma district

List of Figures

Fig. 1 Administrative map of Koderma district

Fig. 2 Drainage map of Koderma district

Fig. 3 Hydrogeological map of Koderma district

Fig. 4 Depth to water level map (Pre-monsoon 2007) of Koderma district

Fig. 5 Depth to water level map (Post-monsoon 2007) of Koderma district

Fig. 6 Block wise stage of Ground water development in Koderma district

Fig. 7 Fluoride spot values above permissible limit (>1.5mg/l) map of

Koderma district

CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD, MID EASTERN REGION, PATNA

 KODERMA – DISTRICT AT A GLANCE

Sl No. ITEMS Statistics

1. GENERAL INFORMATION
i) Geographical Area (Sq km.) 1500.00 Sq. km.
II) Administrative Divisions (As on 2001)
Number of Blocks 5
Number of Panchyat 80
Number of Villages 706
(ii) Population (As on 2001 Census) 4, 99,403
(iii) Average Annual Rainfall (mm) 1192 mm
2. GEOMORPHOLOGY
Major Physiographic units Pediplain, Hills, Erosional valleys
Major Drainages Barakar and Sakri
3. LAND USE (Sq Km.)
a) Forest area: 552.3
b) Net area sown: 170.4
c) Cultivable area: 218.70
4. MAJOR SOIL TYPES Alfisols (Red sandy soils) ultisols (red
and yellow soils) Light textured
Slightly Acidic
Poor in N & P
Fairly rich in K
5. AREA UNDER PRINCIPAL CROPS Pulses – 16.84
Oilseeds – 3.66
Paddy – 158.11
6. IRRIGATION BY DIFFERENT SOURCES Area Structures
(Areas and Number of Structures) (Ha)
Dugwell 2717 3834
Tube wells /Bore wells 208 781
Tanks / Ponds 64 470
Canals N.A.
Other Sources 259 2087
Net irrigated area 3671
Gross irrigated area N.A.
7. NUMBERS OF GROUND WATER
MONITORING WELLS OF CGWB
(As on 31-03-07) 1
No of Dugwell
No. of Piezometers NIL
10. PREDOMINANT GEOLOGICAL FORMATIONS Chottanagpur Gneissic Compex,
GranitesQuartzite, Phyllite, Sandstone,
Shale
11 HYDROGEOLOGY
Major Water bearing formation Granite gneiss, Granite
(Pre-monsoon Depth to water level 3.9-16.70 mbgl
during 2007)
Post-monsoon Depth to water level 1.3-14.00 mbgl
during 2007)

12. GROUND WATER EXPLORATION BY CGWB

(As on 31-03-07)

CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD, MID EASTERN REGION, PATNA

 No. of wells drilled (EW, OW, PZ, SH, Total EW – 5
Depth Range (m) 149.5 – 175.52
Discharge (litres per second) 1.5 – 12.3 m3/hr.
Storativity (S) ----
2
Transmissivity (m /day) 13-29
13. GROUND WATWER QUALITY Potable
Presence of Chemical constituents more than EC 1000 to 2000 micro mhos/cm at 250
permissible limit (e.g. EC, F, As, Fe) C.
F (mg/l) - 0.13-5.57
Type of Water Calcium-Magnesium bicarbonate
14. DYNAMIC GROUND WATER RESOURCES
(2004) in mcm/yr.
Annual Replenishable Ground Water Resources 88.09
Net Annual Ground Water Draft 22.56
Projected Demand for Domestic and Industrial 12.78
uses up to 2025
Stage of Ground Water Development 20 %
15. AWARENESSS AND TRAINING ACTIVITY
Mass Awareness Programmes Organized NIL
Date
Place
No. of Participants
Water Management Training Programmes Koderma
Organized
Date MARCH 2005
Place Koderma Mining Institute,
No. of Participants 65
16. EFFORTS OF ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE &
RAINWATER HARVESTING
Projects completed by CGWB (No & Amount NIL
spent)
Projects under technical guidance of CGWB NIL
(Numbers)
17 GROUND WATER CONTROL AND
REGULATION
Number Of OE Blocks NIL
No. of Critical Block NIL
No. of Blocks notified NIL
18. MAJOR GROUND WATER PROBLEMS AND FLUORIDE PROBLEM IN KODERMA &
ISSUES SATGAWAN BLOCK

CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD, MID EASTERN REGION, PATNA

 GROUND WATER INFORMATION BOOKLET

KODERMA DISTRICT

1.0 INTRODUCTION- Koderma district lies in the upper of the Jharkhand

state. Its boundary lies along with Gaya district in the west, Hazaribagh district
in the south, Giridih district in the east and Nawada district of Bihar in the
north. It has the geographical area of 1500 sq. km. The district is bounded by
24015’46’’and 24049’18’’N latitude and 85026’01’’ and 85054’16’’ east longitude
and is covered under
toposheetno.72H/6,72H/7,72H/10,72H/11,72H/13,72H/14,72H/15,72H/16 of
survey of India (1:50,000).
1.1 Administrative Divisons- Total population of the district is 4,99,403
persons. Koderma district has five development blocks namely Koderma,
Jainagar, Chandwara, Markacho and Satgawan.There are 717 villages and
eighty panchayats. Total rural population of the district is 4,12,654 persons
and total urban population is 86,749 persons.

1.2 Drainage---District lies in the Barakar sub-basin. The Barakar river flows
from west to east in the southern part of the district and supports Teliya Hydel
project, a multipurpose dam constructed on it. Rivers flowing from west to
east are Ponchkhara, Keso, Akto, Gurio and Gukhana nadi and these are the
tributaries of the Barakar River.Sakri River is the main river in the northern
part of the district which flows from south and east to North West.

CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD, MID EASTERN REGION, PATNA

FIG 1: ADMINISTRATIVE MAP OF KODERMA DISTRICT,
JHARKHAND

Satgawan

KODERMA

Chandwara

Jainagar

Markacho
Bara
kar R
.
L E G E N D

DISTRICT BOUNDARY RAILWAY LINE ROAD RIVER

BLOCK BOUNDARY DISTRICT H.Q. BLOCK H.Q.

CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD, MID EASTERN REGION, PATNA

 FIG 2: DRAINAGE MAP OF KODERMA DISTRICT

SA
KR
IR .
. gnr
aN
Ch a

Satgawan

673
i N.
tn ar
ho
Bhatu Ch

.
ri N.

ki N
Bar
R 333
IHA
B Debaur

677 Dhab
Meghatari
Ph Chilangio
ut
431 la
iN
.

519 438

N.
Dhandhar

Domchanch 453
406
503 529
412 KODERMA
Jhumri
Tilaiya
23
NH
Chandwara
N.
i
kr
Sa

408
Jainagar Ke
s oN
.

BAR Markacho
Tilaiy 433 A KAR
a Re R.
servo
ir BA
RA
KA
R R.
L E G E N D

DISTRICT BOUNDARY RAILWAY LINE ROAD RIVER

BLOCK BOUNDARY EXPLORATORY WELL CGWB 396 TRIANGULATION

HEIGHT

CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD, MID EASTERN REGION, PATNA

1.3—Land use, Irrigation and cropping pattern –
Due to lateritic condition of the soil, deficiency in the rainfall and no
major rivers the land use pattern is different from the gangetic plain. Some
irrigated area takes into account of rabi, kharif and oilseeds crops. But
generally it is best suited for vegetables, medicinal plants growing and
floriculture due to natural drainage of water and no water logging conditions.
Forests cover about 41 percent of the area, 7.09 percent of the land has been
put to non-agricultural use, 11.29 percent of the area comes under barren and
uncultivable land. About 14.97 percent of the area comes under current fallow
and 6.26 percent of the area comes under land other than current fallow. Net
area sown is 13.08 percent.
The total irrigated area of Kharif is only 996.02 ha where as unirrigated
area is of the order of 15262 ha . The irrigated area of Rabi is 2008.39 ha and
unirrigated area is 756.38 ha. The Garama is produced by irrigation and is
only 18.28 ha and is reported from Satgawan block.

1.4---Studies/activites carried out by C.G.W.B.—

Central ground water board has established one observation well
under NHNS at the district headquarter Koderma to ascertain fluctuation and
ground water quality. The Board has also carried out exploratory drilling in
different parts of the district and drilled about 5 no. of exploratory wells and
one observation well to determine aquifer parameters, fractures encountered
at different depths.

2.0 Climate—
Climate of the koderma can be described as a transition between the
dry and moderately extreme climate of the northern India and the warm,
humid climate of Bengal basin. The climate year of the koderma can be

CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD, MID EASTERN REGION, PATNA

divided into three principal seasons viz. winter season, summer season and
Rainy season.

2.1 Rainfall—
The average rainfall (10 years) in the district is 1125.1mm.Monthly
average rainfall of the district is given below-
Month Jan Feb March April May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Rainfall 4.5 6 8 6.7 25.1 165.7 323.7 322.9 214.3 40 4.0 4.2
(mm)

2.2 Temperature—The temperature of the district varies between mean

minimum temp. of 100c in winters and mean maximum temp. of 40 0c in
summer. Temperature varies between 40c to 460c.
3.0 Geomorphology
3.1 Physiography—
Koderma district is the part of Chotanagpur plateau. Altitude of the area
varies between 392 mamsl to 592 mamsl in general. The highest peak is the
Debour ghati(677 mamsl) in the Koderma reserve forest. Southern part of
Chandwara block, Jainagar block and Markacho block consists of pediplain
areas. Koderma block consists mostly of dissected plateau (Plateau hills and
valleys). Upper portion of Satgawan block consists of Pediplain, middle
portion by ridges and valleys and lower portion by erosional valley.
3.2 Soils-
Alfisols (Red sandy soils) and Ultisols (Red yellow soils) are major soils
of the district. These soils are light textured, slightly acidic and poor in
Nitrogen and Phosphorus and are fairly rich in Potassium. Alluvial soils occur
along the rivers and Nala courses.

CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD, MID EASTERN REGION, PATNA

4.0 Groundwater Scenario
4.1 Hydrogeology -
In koderma district biotite-granite gneiss, phyllite mica-schist, Intrusive
granite, pegmatite veins, Amphibolite hornblende schist, Quartzite and
alluvium cover most of the areas. In Chandwara block three- fourth areas are
covered by biotite granite gneiss and one-fourth area is covered by Phyllite
mica-schist and Quartzite. In Jainagar block eighty percent area is covered by
Biotie granite gneiss and twenty percent area is covered by quartzite and
phyllite mica –schist. Markacho block has forty-five percent area covered by
Phyllite mica schist, forty-five percent area by biotite granite gneiss and ten
percent by Quartzite. In koderma block Phyllite-mica schist and Intrusive
granite are the main rock types. In Satgawan block, central portion of the
block and adjacent to Sakri river alluvium is the main formation. Southern
portion of the district is covered by Intrusive granite, Phyllite –mica schist and
quartzite while the northern portion of the block has Quartzite, Amphibolite
hornblende schist and gneisses.
Ground water occurs mostly in unconfined conditions in shallow
aquifers and semi-confined to confined conditions in deeper aquifers. Shallow
aquifers are being tapped by dug wells,hand pumps etc. Dugwells are 5m to
15 m in depth. Adajecent to Sakri river in Markacho block alluvium formation
can yield good discharge. Hand pumps or bore wells can tap deeper aquifers.

CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD, MID EASTERN REGION, PATNA

 FIG - 3: HYDROGEOLOGICAL MAP OF KODERMA DISTRICT,
JHARKHAND

Satgawan

KODERMA
1100

Chandwara

Jainagar

Bara Markacho
kar R
L E G E N D .
HYDROGEOLOGICAL FEATURES
RIVER
LINEAMENTS

BLOCK BOUNDARY
ISOHYETAL CONTOUR (mm)
1200

AGE GROUP LITHOLOGY SYMBOL HYDROGEOLOGICAL GROUND WATER

CONDITIONS POTENTIAL
RECENT ALLUVIUM UNCONSOLIDATED FORMATION YIELD PROSPECTS
10 - 50 m3/ hr
LOWER SEMI CONSOLIDATED FORMATION LIMITED YIELD PROSPECTS
GONDWANAS SANDSTONE, SHALE Moderately thick but discontinuous 2 - 5 m3 / hr.

PRE PHYLLITE, FISSURED FORMATION YIELD PROSPECTS

CAMBRIANS SCHIST, GNEISS Groundwater restricted to 1 - 5 m 3/ hr.
weathered residuum and
GRANITE GNEISS , fracture zone having YIELD PROSPECTS
ARCHAEAN QUARTZITE & ASSOCIATED secondary porosity 1 - 15 m3/ hr.
INTRUSIVES

CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD, MID EASTERN REGION, PATNA

Lineament status—
Position and orientation of lineament plays an important role in locating
ground water. Concentrations of lineaments are more in Chandwara, Jainagar and
southern portion of Koderma blocks. Two types of orientations are more
prominent—Major one has orientation NNW-SSE and minor one has orientation
NW-SE.

Exploratory drilling-
Central Ground Water board has drilled altogether five no. of wells in
Koderma district. These wells are drilled in biotite granite gneiss, phyllite mica
–schist, Gondwanas and Intrusive granites. These wells were drilled at
locations like Chotki Dhamrai, Gumo village, J.J.college campus Koderma,
Chutiyaro village and Koderma block campus. Drilling depth varies from
130.20 m at Chotki Dhamrai to 172.52 m at J.J. college campus, koderma.
Fractures were encountered at 50-51m, 65-67m, 83-85 m, 98-100m at chotki
dhamrai and 27-29 m, 75-77m at Gumo ward no-16. (Table 2)

TABLE- 2 EXPLORATORY WELLS DRILLED IN KODERMA DISTRICT

Sl. LOCATION Block Depth Length of Static Discharg Formation

No. drilled Casing water e
(mbgl) pipe level (m3/hr.)
(m) (mbgl)
1 J.J.College, Koderma 172.52 14.00 2.7 13.2 Granite-
Koderma gneiss
2 Tilaiya Koderma 149.59 10.68 6.10 1.5 Granite-
block gneiss
campus
3 Chotki Chandwara 130.20 21.62 5.34 12.02 Granite-
Dhamrai gneiss
4 Gumo Koderma 150.00 24.44 5.63 7.5 Granite-
gneiss
5 Chutiyaro Koderma 150.00 24.49 ----- ------- Mica-
Schist

CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD, MID EASTERN REGION, PATNA

Depth to water levels –
During pre-monsoon season-
Depth to water level varies from 5.3 to 8.4 mbgl in chandwara block,
3.15 to 10.20 mbgl in Koderma block, 3.6 to 8.3 mbgl in Jainagar block, 6.3 to
8.25 in Markacho block and 5.75mbgl to 7.00 mbgl in Satgawan block.
During post-monsoon –
Depth to water level varies from 2.20 mbgl to 3.85mbgl in Chandwara
block, 1.30 mbgl to 4.50 mbgl in Koderma block, 1.60 mbgl to 2.20 mbgl in
Jainagar block, 2.05 mbgl to 2.90 mbgl in Markacho block and 1.70 to 2.35
mbgl in satgawan block.
Aquifer parameters—
Aquifer test analysis data of exploratory wells reveal that discharge of
the deeper aquifer varies from 7.5m3/hr at Gumo E/W to 13.2 m3/hr. at J.J.
college koderma. Transmissivity value varies from 4.69 m2/day at Gumo to
21.12 m2/day at Chotki Dhamrai.

CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD, MID EASTERN REGION, PATNA

 TABLE-3 DETAILS OF WATER LEVEL IN KODERMA DISTRICT
Sl. No. Location Water level (mbgl)
Pre monsoon Post -monsoon Fluctuation
1 Barkhi Dhamrai 7.1 2.2 4.9
2 Gawanpur 5.3 2.3 2
3 Kanko 8.4 2.6 5.8
4 Jamkatti 7.3 2.15 5.15
5 Chamgudo Kalan 8 2.8 5.2
6 Charki Pahari 8 3.85 4.15
7 Chamgudo Khurd 5.8 2.7 3.1
8 Bisodih 7.9 2.6 5.3
9 Chutiyaro 8 1.9 6.1
10 Lokai Villlage 4.98 1.9 3.08
11 Indarwa 6.1 2.4 4.3
12 Dhorakola 4.7 1.7 3
13 Dhubba (Valley) 3.15 1.8 1.35
14 Jerua (Domchanch) 10.2 2.7 7.5
15 Baswaria 5.7 2.1 3.6
16 Chutiyaro 5.6 2.3 3.3
17 Puto 3.8 1.3 2.5
18 J.T. Rly Station 4 2.85 1.15
19 Karma 3.9 1.7 2.2
20 Hasuadhara 7.1 3.9 3.2
21 Moriama Kunha 4.2 2.05 2.15
22 Belatanr 9 4.05 4.95
23 Tham 7.2 2.4 4.8
24 Gajure 6.1 2.3 3.8
25 Mahthadih 4 2.1 1.9
26 Meghtari 16.7 14 2.7
27 Chehai 5.35 2.6 2.75
28 Purna Nagar 4.4 1.85 2.55
29 Baikobar 7.4 2.7 4.7
30 Ananthdih 8.2 2.6 5.6

CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD, MID EASTERN REGION, PATNA

CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD, MID EASTERN REGION, PATNA
 FIG - 4: DEPTH TO WATER LEVEL MAP (PRE MONSOON 2007)
KODERMA DISTRICT

Satgawan

NAWADA

GIRIDIH
KODERMA

Chandwara

Jainagar

Tilaiy
a Bara Markacho
Rese kar R
rvo ir
HAZARIBAGH .
L E G E N D
Depth To Water Level
< 5 mbgl
District Boundary
5-10 mbgl
Block H.Q.
10-15 mbgl
Rivers And Streams
> 15 mbgl

CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD, MID EASTERN REGION, PATNA

FIG- 5: DEPTH TO WATER LEVEL MAP ( POST MONSOON 2007)
KODERMA DISTRICT

Satgawan

NAWADA

2
10
54 32
10
5
4

GIRIDIH
2
4 KODERMA
3 2
3 Chandwara

Jainagar

Tilaiy
a
Barakar R. Markacho
Rese 2
rvoir
HAZARIBAGH
L E G E N D 2 3
3

Depth To Water Level

< 2 mbgl 4 - 5 mbgl District Boundary

2 - 3 mbgl 5 - 10 mbgl Block H.Q.
3 - 4 mbgl >10 mbgl
Rivers And Streams

CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD, MID EASTERN REGION, PATNA

4.2 Ground water Resources—
Ground water Resources of the district have been evaluated based on
the recommendation of the GEC-1997. Resources are carried out on the
block wise basis for the year 2004. Total dynamic Resources of the district
come out to be 88.09 mcm. Total ground water drafts for all uses are 22.56
mcm. Stage of ground water development is 20%. As per the future ground
water development point of view, all blocks of the district come under the safe
category.

CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD, MID EASTERN REGION, PATNA

 TABLE 4 - BLOCK WISE GROUND WATER RESOURCES OF KODERMA DISTRICT (AS ON 2004)

Sl Assessment Command Net Existing Existing Ground Existing Allocation For Net Ground Stage Of Categoris
No unit /Non- Ground Ground Water Draft For Ground Domestic And Water Ground ation of
Command Water Water Domestic And Water Industrial Availability Water blocks
/Total Availability Draft For Industrial Water Draft For Requirement For Future Develop
(Ha-m) Irrigation Supply All Uses Supply Irrigation ment
(Ha-m) (Ha-m) (Ha-m) (Ha-m) (Ha-m) (%)
1 Jainagar 16300 1188.51 273.46 188.86 462.32 258.6 629.45 38.90 SAFE

2 koderma 37300 2817.06 383.24 280.15 663.39 423.67 2010.15 23.55 SAFE

3 Markacho 20900 1526.45 281.16 161.28 442.44 243.90 1001.38 28.99 SAFE

4 Satgawan 22900 1664.38 197.78 87.91 285.69 132.95 1333.66 17.17 SAFE

5 Chandwara 18200 1613.37 272.25 131 403.11 192.42 1145.69 12.49 SAFE

Total 115600 8809.77 1407.89 849.21 2256.96 1278.54 6123.33 19.82

CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD, MID EASTERN REGION, PATNA

4.3 Ground water Quality –
Ground water of the district is generally potable except few localities in
Koderma block and Satgawan block. Electrical conductivity varies between 138
to 2340micro siemens/cm at 250c.pH value of the district varies between 6.70 to
9.13.It indicates that ground water is alkaline in nature. Bi-carbonate varies
between 115.9mg/l to 341.6 mg/l but in some localities like kutta and Dhab the
value is 506 and 542mg/l.chloride varies between 39mg/l to 266mg/l in general
but in few areas like Jhumri Tilaya railway station and Markacho its values are
383.4 and 809.9mg/l. Concentration of sulphate varies between 10.6 to
165.6mg/l. In koderma block and parts of satgawan block the value of fluoride
varies between 0.43 to 5.53mg/l while in other parts of the district it is between
0.11to 1.25mg/l. Concentration of Calcium varies between 20 to 48.6mg/l. Na
varies between 10 to 287mg/l and K varies between 1.0 to34.0 mg/l. Total
hardness as CaCo3 varies between 110 to 630 mg/l.

CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD, MID EASTERN REGION, PATNA

 TABLE-5 BLOCK WISE RESULTS OF CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF WATER SAMPLES OF KODERMA DISTRICT

Blocks Range EC in micro TH Ca Mg Na K HCO3 Cl SO4 CO3 F

siemens/ cm PH as
← mg / l →
at 250c CaCO3
Koderma Maximum 2340 9.13 690 200.4 48.6 287 9.0 573.4 383 100.6 12 5.53
Minimum 138 6.40 50 12.0 4.8 10 0.6 48.8 10 12.8 ND 0.44
Jainagar Maximum 2660 8.15 740 192.0 63.2 128 34 384.3 376 108.5 ND 0.84
Minimum 191 7.50 70 8.0 2.4 14 0.5 73.2 14 22.65 ND 0.16
Markacho Maximum 1210 8.29 1380 232 126.4 196 19 262.3 809 197.1 18 1.38
Minimum 96 7.40 40 12.0 2.4 12 0.7 42.7 14 22.2 12 0.11
Satgawan Maximum 1848 8.44 520 100 65.6 189 18.8 542.9 259 112 30 2.23
Minimum 429 7.33 70 16 7.3 46 1.2 122 21 23 18 0.30
Chandwara Maximum 1313 8.46 840 232 73.0 108 4.3 403 391 19 30 1.20
Minimum 462 7.13 80 24 2.4 11 0.4 85 18 1.4 12 0.07

CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD, MID EASTERN REGION, PATNA

 85° 30' 85° 45'

FIG-7 FLOURIDE SPOT VALUES ABOVE PERMISSIBLE

LIMIT OF BIS IN KODERMA DISTRICT, JHARKHAND

Satgawan forest
24° range office campus 24°
45' 2.23 45'

Kalidih(Pachmu)
1.82
SATGAWAN BLOCK

5.07
Dhubba
3.32
Dhorakola Dhorakola Bazar
3.32

Gajhandi KODERMA BLOCK

24° 5.53 Moriama Kurha 24°
Koderma
30' 3.07 Hospital 30'
Jarga Hasuadhara 5.37
3.07 1.71
2.04 Indarwa
Belatanr Chechai Chatabar Lokai
1.78 3.25 2.18 2.33
Puto
2.44

24° DISTRICT BOUNDARY 24°

15' 15'
BLOCK BOUNDARY
FLOURIDE SPOT VALUE

HAND PUMP

DUGWELL

85° 30' 85° 45'

CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD, MID EASTERN REGION, PATNA

4.4 Status of ground water development—Koderma district has stage of
development below 20-percent. Jainagar block has 38.90 percent development,
which is highest in Koderma district and Chandwara block has lowest stage of
development (12.49%)
5.0 Ground water management strategy—
In Koderma district ground water is in safe category. Here stage of ground
water development is below 20 percent. Agriculture is done mostly during Kharif
season and they are mostly rainfed. Rabi crops and cash crops should be
encouraged. About 40 percent area of the district is undulating and hilly terrain.
DTH drilling is feasible in most parts of the district except alluvial and Gondwana
areas.

6.0 Ground water related Issues and problems—

During post-monsoon water level monitoring it was observed that two-third
of the district area is prone to water logging (water level between 2-3mbgl). So,
more development is required in agriculture sector. In parts of Koderma block
and Satgawan block, ground water of both dug wells and hand pumps are
contaminated by excess fluoride. These areas need immediate attention.
Contaminated hand pumps and dug wells should be red marked and local
population must be educated about it.

7.0 Awareness and training activity—

Rainwater harvesting training programme was organized at Koderma
mining Institute during the month of March, 2005.I C.G.W.B. scientists delivered
lectures regarding Ground water conservation and artificial recharge techniques.

8.0 Areas notified by C.G.W.A./S.G.W.A. –

All blocks of the district comes under safe category.

CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD, MID EASTERN REGION, PATNA

FIG 6: STAGES OF GROUND WATER DEVELOPMENT MAP
OF KODERMA DISTRICT, JHARKHAND

Satgawan

17%

KODERMA

24%

Chandwara

12%
Jainagar

39%
Markacho

B ar a 29%
kar R
L E G E N D .

DISTRICT BOUNDARY RAILWAY LINE

BLOCK BOUNDARY DISTRICT H.Q.

ROAD BLOCK H.Q.

RIVER 12% STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT

CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD, MID EASTERN REGION, PATNA

9.0 Recommendations—
1. Flouride contamination has been observed in the Parts of Koderma and
Satgawan blocks. Pegmatite veins containing micas are the main source of
fluoride. Hand pumps and dug wells affected by fluorosis should be red marked
and chemical analysis must be done yearly to know about the changes in fluoride
concentration. Local people awareness programme should be organized.

2. Density of lineaments are more in Southern portion of Chandwara block,

Jainagar block and southern portion of koderma block. So these areas can be
better sites for potential ground water exploration.

3. Exploratory well data reveal that fractures up to 100 mbgl in granite

gneisses are most productive. Fractures were encountered at 50-51m, 65-67m,
83-85m, 98-100m at Chotki Dhamrai and 27-29m, 75-77m at Gumo ward no-16.

4. Mica-schists areas are devoid of ground water.

5. During post-monsoon water level monitoring it was observed that two-third

of the district area is prone to water logging (water level between 2-3 mbgl). So,
conjunctive use project is recommended in the area.

CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD, MID EASTERN REGION, PATNA