LEARNING INSIGHTS #5

Name of Student: JENNIFER D. SAYONG

Program/Course: DEVELOPMENTAL EDUCATION
Subject: ED. 703 MULTIVARIATE ANALAYSIS
Professor: DR. MA. MYRNA PEPITO
Date: April 26, 2021

Topic/Topics Discussed: NON PARAMETRIC STATISTICS

KOLMOGOROV-SMIRNOV TEST (K-S TEST OR KS TEST)

Reporter: JAY G. ABIA

Learning Insights:

 Nonparametric statistics are easy to use but do not offer the pinpoint
accuracy of other statistical models.
 This type of analysis is often best suited when considering the order of
something, where even if the numerical data changes, the results will
likely stay the same.
 In statistics, parametric statistics includes parameters such as the
mean, standard deviation, Pearson correlation, variance, etc. This form
of statistics uses the observed data to estimate the parameters of the
distribution. Under parametric statistics, data are often assumed to
come from a normal distribution with unknown parameters μ (population
mean) and σ2 (population variance), which are then estimated using the
sample mean and sample variance.
Name of Student: JENNIFER D. SAYONG
Program/Course: DEVELOPMENTAL EDUCATION
Subject: ED. 703 MULTIVARIATE ANALAYSIS
Professor: DR. MA. MYRNA PEPITO
Date: April 26, 2021

Topic/Topics Discussed: TEST OF HOMOGENEITY

MCNEMAR TEST

Reporter: JOEL SALOR

Learning Insights:

 The goodness–of–fit test can be used to decide whether a population fits a

given distribution, but it will not suffice to decide whether two populations
follow the same unknown distribution. A different test, called the test for
homogeneity, can be used to draw a conclusion about whether two
populations have the same distribution. To calculate the test statistic for a
test for homogeneity, follow the same procedure as with the test of
independence.

 The McNemar test is used to determine if there are differences on a

dichotomous dependent variable between two related groups. It can be
considered to be similar to the paired-samples t-test, but for a dichotomous
rather than a continuous dependent variable. However, unlike the paired-
samples t-test, it can be conceptualized to be testing two different properties
of a repeated measure dichotomous variable, as is explained below. The
McNemar test is used to analyze pretest-posttest study designs, as well as
being commonly employed in analyzing matched pairs and case-control
studies. If you have more than two repeated measurements, you could
use Cochran's Q test.
Name of Student: JENNIFER D. SAYONG
Program/Course: DEVELOPMENTAL EDUCATION
Subject: ED. 703 MULTIVARIATE ANALAYSIS
Professor: DR. MA. MYRNA PEPITO
Date: April 26, 2021

Topic/Topics Discussed: FRIEDMAN AND KENDALL TEST

KENDALL’S COEFFICIENT OF CONCORDANCE

Reporter: DONATO ORTIZ

Learning Insights:

 The Friedman test is the significance test for more than two dependent
samples and is also known as the Friedman two-way analysis of variance; it is
used to test the null hypothesis.  In other words, it is used to test that there is
no significant difference between the size of ‘k’ dependent samples and the
population from which these have been drawn.  In SPSS, the Friedman test is
done by selecting “Nonparametric Tests” from the analyze menu and then
selecting “K Related Samples.”  After this, select “Test Variables,” and then
under the option test type, select “Friedman.”  The Friedman test statistic is
distributed approximately as chi-square, with (k – 1) degrees of freedom. The
Friedman test statistic for more than two dependent samples is given by the
formula:

 Chi-squareFriedman = ([12/nk(k + 1)]*[SUM(Ti2] – 3n(k + 1))

 Random sampling is assumed in all significance tests for more than two
dependent samples.The three tests are non-parametric; they do not assume
normal distribution.The three tests in the significance tests for more than two
dependent samples permit multiple dependent samples.