Science 4 Worksheet No.

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FORCE AND MOTION

Q3_W1_Science 4

Explain the effects of force when applied to an object. S4FE- IIIa -1

Introduction:
FORCE is any influence that causes an object to undergo a change in speed, a
change in direction, or a change in shape. In other words, force is that which can cause an
object with mass to change its velocity (accelerate or decelerate). Force can also be
described by simple concepts such as a push or pull. There are different types of force:
APPLIED FORCE, NORMAL FORCE, FRICTION FORCE, AIR RESISTANCE FORCE,
TENSION FORCE, GRAVITATIONAL FORCE and MAGNETIC FORCE.

EFFECTS ON MOTION
When the sum of all the force acting on an object is not zero, the object will tend to
move to the direction of the strongest force acting on it. This movement is called MOTION.
According to Sir Isaac Newton, “Object at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon
by a force”. It means that object if resting on top of a table is left alone, it will stay there.
But if somebody decides to push the ball, then it will Roll and may fall off the table. The
force applied on an object Affects the object’s movement. Object with lesser mass require
lesser force for it to move it to some distance, while objects with greater mass require
greater or stronger force to make it move longer distance.

EFFECTS ON THE SHAPE and SIZE OF THE OBJECT

The shape and size of an object change when force is applied on it. Pushing, pulling,
pounding, compressing, bending, twisting, tearing, stretching or squeezing are some ways to
change the size and shape of an object.

EFFECTS ON DIRECTION
If force is applied to a moving object, the object will probably do one of the following:
 Speed up (Accelerate), if the force applied is along the direction of the object
 Stop, if the force applied is opposite to the direction of the moving object and its
enough to stop the object
 Change direction, if the force applied is from left or right of the moving object
 Return, if the force applied is of the opposite direction and is more than enough to
stop to stop the object
According to Sir Isaac Newton, “an object moving at a constant or same speed and
direction will continue to move at the same speed and direction unless acted upon by
another force.”

ACTIVITY 1: TRUE OR FALSE.

Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if the statement is wrong.

_____1. Force changes the shape of an object.

_____2. When you shake hands, your hand changes shape.
_____3. When you squeezed a can, it will return to its original shape.
_____4. There is no force exerted if you bend a bamboo stick.
_____5. The paper changes its shape when you crumple it.
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ACTIVITY 3: MUTLIPLE CHOICE

Select the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on the space provided.
__6. If you are to push a cart, a box, and a bicycle to a certain distance from the starting
line, which require you to exert a greater force?
a. cart c. bicycle
b. box d. all of them

__7. A marble that is standing still will move when_______________

a. bumped by another marble
b. there is a strong wind
c. touch by a person
d. a force is applied on the marble

__8. What causes objects to move?

a. Weight c. force
b. Gravity d. magnets

__9. If the force applied is from left or right of the moving objects, the moving object
will_____-
a. changes its speed c. changes its direction
b. changes in shape d. changes the size

__10. If two forces from the opposite direction are applied on an object and the object is
malleable, it will
a. change the speed c. change the shape
b. change the direction d. change the hardness

__11. The greater the mass of an object, the greater is the force needed to _____ the object.
a. move c. roll
b. stop d. push

__12. Why do you need to use force in moving a ball up a ramp?

a. to add force to the ball.
b. to let the ball roll on the ramp.
c. to move the ball away from the ramp.
d. to allow the ball to stay on the ramp.

__13. Suppose you push a door, and your friend is on the other side pushing the door. How
will you describe the force and the effect of your actions to the doors?
a. The force is balanced, and the door does not move.
b. The force is unbalanced, and the door may break.
c. The door will push your friend away from you.
d. The door will push you both.

__14. A force that sets an object into motion is called ____________.

a. balanced
b. moving
c. unbalanced
d. pushing

__15. Which of the following objects will move more easily when a force applied to it?
a. plastic dining table c. small refrigerator
b. empty steel cabinet d. small wooden table
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