SEDIMENT TRANSPORT MECHANICS ASSIGNMENT-4

DEBRE MARKOS UNIVERSYTY

INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF HYDRAULIC AND WATER RESOURCE

ENGINEERING

(MSc. IN HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING)

SEDIMENT TRANSPORT MECHANICS ASSIGNMENT-4

BY:-MEKONNEN HAILE ID NO: - GSR-1194 /12

Email: - mekonnenhaile90@gmail.com

SUBMITTED TO: NETSANET ZELALEM (DR.-ING.)

SUBMISSION DATE: - JULY, 2012 EC.

DEBER MARKOS, ETHIOPIA

By Mekonnen Haile Page 1
 SEDIMENT TRANSPORT MECHANICS ASSIGNMENT-4

Question (Use reasonable approximations)

Let us consider a sediment transport in one of Ethiopian hydropower reservoir having a total drainage
area of 10,000 km2. The flow-duration curve and the sediment-rating curve are detailed in the
following tabulations. Calculate:
a. the mean annual suspended sediment load using the
flow-duration/sediment-rating-curve
b. the sediment yield per km2

[NB. Performance error of the curve greater than 2% will not be accepted, I.e, R2 should be 0.98].

Flow Duration Curve Sediment Rating Curve

% time exceeded Discharge (m3/s) Flow Discharge (m3/s) Suspended load (tons/day)
0.05 250 75 65
0.2 240 90 100
1.5 230 110 130
2.4 200 120 150
5.7 180 130 200
10 150 140 250
15 145 150 300
25 130 170 380
35 115
45 95
65 75
80 65
90 60
98 47

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 SEDIMENT TRANSPORT MECHANICS ASSIGNMENT-4

Figure 2: Flow-Duration - curve

Solution

The computations are effected in the table

 Col.1 show the 14 section in to which the exceeded probability

 Col.2 is the interval of probability range of col.1
 Col.3 is the mid-point of interval of col.1
 Col .4 is the mean daily discharge corresponding to midpoint value (Col.3) and obtained from
sediment rate curve
 Col.5 is suspended sediment discharge in tones/days is calculated for each value of col.4 by
using the equation = 0.005
 Col.6 is the expected daily sediment load of known level of exceeded probability and is
obtained as a product of col.2 and col.5 and divided by 100 to account for percentage value
 Col.7 is the corresponding water flow in unit of cumec. day: =(Col.2×Col.4/100)

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 SEDIMENT TRANSPORT MECHANICS ASSIGNMENT-4

The total expected mean daily suspended sediment load is 3,893.17 tones as the
sum of Col.6 value.

Table 1:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Exceeded Interval Midpoint Discharge Sediment Daily Sediment Daily suspended

Frequency (pi-pi-1) (%) QW Discharge QS load (tons/day) Qs (cumec. day)
Range (%) (%) (m3/s) Tons/day
0.05 0.05 0.025 250 760.18 0.38
0.125
0.2 0.15 0.125 240 696.00 1.04
0.36
1.5 1. 3 0.85 230 634.84 8.25
2.99
2.4 0. 9 1.95 200 469.35 4.22
1.8
5.7 3. 3 4.05 180 373.78 12.33
5.94
10 4. 3 7.85 150 252.06 10.84
6.45
15 5 12. 5 145 234.25 11.71
7.25
25 10 20 130 185.01 18.50
13
35 10 30 115 141.95 14.20
11.5
45 10 35 95 93.94 9.39
9.5
65 20 55 75 56.36 11.27
15
80 15 72. 5 65 41.37 6.21
9.75
90 10 85 60 34.79 3.48
6
98 8 94 47 20.53 1.64
3.76
Total
113.48 93.425

Step 1: the mean annual suspended sediment load using the flow-duration/sediment-rating-curve
 The sediment-rating curve is fitted to be
= = 0.005 from the given formula

in which Q is in in tones/day

 The time corresponding to each discharge in a year is

dti = 365(pi - pi-1) , in days

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 SEDIMENT TRANSPORT MECHANICS ASSIGNMENT-4

 Given a discharge, we can find the corresponding sediment discharge Ԛsi

from the given, then the annual sediment discharge is
= = 113.48×365 = 0.414202× tones/year
step 2: The sediment yield per square km2 is

Ys = Ys = = 0.412669tons/ km2 - year

Fig 1: Sediment-rating-curve

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