Science 8

Science – Grade 8
Quarter 3 – Module 1: Physical States of Matter and Their Properties
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states that no copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for
exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things,
impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand

names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective
copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use
these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors
do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education - Schools Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Ligaya A. Gasulas
Editor: Jeric N. Estaco
Reviewers (content / language): Rowena T. Tiempo and Crisheila E. Landicho
(Technical): Rowena T. Tiempo
Illustrator: Edison P. Clet
Layout Artist: Jean Rean M. Laurente
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Carolina T. Rivera, CESE
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Manuel A. Laguerta, EdD
Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
 Science 8
Quarter 3
Self-Learning Module 1
Physical States of Matter and
Their Properties
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Science 8 Self-Learning Module on Physical States of Matter

and Their Properties!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the Learner:

Welcome to the Science 8 Self-Learning Module on Physical States of Matter

and Their Properties!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

This module is made for you to learn more about physical states of
matter and their properties. This will lead you to explain the properties of
solids, liquids, and gases based on the particle nature of matter.
This module is about identifying and describing the classification of
matter based on its physical state: solids, liquids, and gases.
After going through his module, you are expected to:
1. identify and describe common properties of solids, liquids, and gases.
2. distinguish properties of matter from those of non-matter.
3. appreciate the importance of learning properties of matter.

PRETEST
Read and write the letter of the correct answer.
1. Three states of matter exist - solid, liquid, and gas. Each has its own
unique set of physical properties. Which of the following is highly
compressible?
A. Gas
B. Liquid
C. Matter
D. Solid

2. Unlike a liquid, a solid object does not flow to take on the shape of its
container, nor does expands to fill the entire volume available to it like a
gas. Which of the following are the common properties of solid?

A. It has no definite shape or volume.

B. It has definite shape and no definite volume.
C. It has a definite volume, but take the shape of the container.
D. It is characterize by tructural rigidity and resistance to changes of
shape or volume.

3. Matter is anything that occupy space and has mass. Which of the
following is an example of matter?
A. heat
B. light
C. smoke
D. sound
4. Non-matter includes the light from the torch, the heat from the fire, and
the sound of a police siren. Which of the following statements describes
non-matter?

A. You cannot hold, taste, or smell these things.

B. They are type of matter that are also forms of energy.
C. Anything that occupy space and do not have a definite mass.
D. Everything that exists and can be classed as either a type of matter or
a form of energy.

5. The states of matter were distinguished based on qualitative differences in

their common properties. Which among the choices is NOT the reason why
learning about the properties of matter is important?
A. The main phases of matter are solid, liquid, and gas.
B. Physical properties are used to observe and describe matter.
C. Scientists need to know and understand common properties and
characteristics of matter to make calculations.
D. The main physical characteristics of matter are mass, volume, weight,
density, odor, and color. These are the characteristics that help us to
see matter, feel matter, and taste matter.

RECAP

In grade 7, you have learned classification of matter. You learned that

matter can be classified as pure substances and mixtures. Pure substances
such as elements and compounds have uniform composition throughout.
Mixtures contain two or more components / substances that may be classified
into homogeneous or heterogeneous depending on the size of the components
present on it. Recall your chemistry in grade 7, then fill in the diagram with a
correct answer.

Figure 1: Classification of Matter

 LESSON
Everything that exists can be classed as either a type of matter or a
form of energy. Matter is anything that occupy space and has mass. The
measure of the space occupied by an object is called volume. The mass of an
object is a measure of the amount of matter the object has. Three states of
matter exist: solid, liquid, and gas. Each has its own unique set of physical
properties.
a. Solids have a definite shape and volume. Solids are characterized by
structural rigidity and resistance to changes of shape or volume. Unlike
a liquid, a solid object does not flow to take on the shape of its container,
nor does expands to fill the entire volume available to it like a gas. Most
metals exist as solids at room temperature.
b. Liquids have definite volume, but no definite shape (takes the shape of its
container). Liquids flow because particles are free to move but are still
attracted to each other.
c. Gases have no definite shape or volume. Gas is the state in which matter
expands to occupy the volume and shape of its container. Gases have
low Density which contain scattered molecules that are dispersed
across a given volume. Particles of gases move in random motion with
little or no attraction to each other. Gases are highly compressible.

Mortar and Pestle Orange juice smoke that evaporates

Figure 2: Sample solid, liquid, and gas

Non-matter is not a type of matter but form of energy. Non-matter

includes the light from the torch, the heat from the fire, and the sound of a
police siren. You cannot hold, taste, or smell these things.
Other Properties of Matter includes hardness, texture, color, flexibility,
malleability, and electrical conductivity which vary from one sample to
another. To understand more about common properties of matter, do activity
1,2 and 3 correctly.
 ACTIVITIES

Activity 1: What’s Inside the House?

Objectives:
At the end of this activity, you should be able to identify and describe
common properties of solids, liquids, and gases.

Directions:
There are so many things inside the house? Can you identify which
are solids, liquids, and gases? List 5 things under the appropriate column in
table 1.
Table 1. Physical States of Matter
What’s inside the house? Solids Liquids Gases

Figure 3. Matter in the house

Closure:
Matter can exist in one of three main states: solid, liquid, or gas. Each
has its own unique set of physical properties. Describe the common properties
of the three states of matter. Fill in the blank with solids, liquids, and gases.
1. _________ are highly compressible.
2. _________ have no definite shape or volume.
3. _________ retain their size and shape without a container.
4. _________ are substances that flow and keep the shape of the container.
5. _________ are characterized by structural rigidity and resistance to
changes of shape or volume.
6. _________ are hard, malleable, and conducts electricity.
7. _________ have definite volume, but no definite shape because it takes the
shape of its container.
 Activity 2: Which is matter, which is not?
Objective:
At the end of this activity, you should be able to distinguish properties
of matter from those of non-matter.

Directions:
There are many things around us. Observe things outside the house.
Can you identify which are matter and which are not? Put a check under the
appropriate column in table 2. You may state the reason of identifying matter
or non-matter. Number 1 is done for you.

Table 2. Identifying which is matter

Outside the Matter Non- Properties
house matter
1. Stones ✓ Hard, it occupies space and has mass.

2. Trees

3. Cable wires

4. Cars

5. water

6. Air

7. Rainbow

8. Heat

9. Sound

10. Sunlight

Guide Questions
Write your answer of each question in a separate sheet of paper or notebook.
1. What similarities do you observe among the first six given samples?
2. Does each sample have a measurable mass?
3. Do you think that each sample occupies space?
4. How about air? Does it have mass?
5. Do you think that heat, sound, and sunlight have mass?
Do they occupy space?
 Activity 3: Importance of Learning Properties of Matter
Objectives:
At the end of the activity, you should be able to appreciate the
importance of learning properties of matter.

Directions:
Answer number 1-5 by doing the guessing game. Guess and fill in each
blank with a correct word to answer the given questions completely. And
decode the term by dialing the following given numbers in the keypad.
Number 1 is done for you.

1. The main phases of _____________ are solid, liquid, and gas.

• What is a piece of material placed at the door for ABC DEF
wiping spoiled shoe soles? (Dial 628) – M A T 1 2 3
•What is left in the word terrace if you are going GHI JKL MNO
4 5 6
to remove race? (Dial 837) – T E R PQRS TUV WXYZ
•What word will be formed if you will put them 7 8 9
together? (Dial 628-837) – M A T T E R
0

2. Why is it important to learn about matter?

(Dial 225-28-52-84767) - C ___ L C U ___ ___ T ___ ___ ___ S
•Each type of matter has different physical properties, and we need to learn
and understand these characteristics to make _____________________.

3. What are the main characteristics of matter?

(Dial 865863) – V ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
The main physical characteristics of matter are mass, ___________, weight,
density, odor, and color.

4. Why is energy and matter important?

(Dial 75268) - ___ ___ ___ ___ t
•Energy and Matter are essential concepts in all disciplines of science and
engineering. For example, without inputs of energy (sunlight) and matter
(carbon dioxide and water), a ___________ cannot grow.

5. What is the relationship between matter and energy?

(Dial 782837 - S ___ A ___ ___ S
• The same amount of matter can have different amounts of energy and so
represent different _________ of matter. For example, if you add energy to
an ice cube made of water, it becomes liquid water, and if you add even
more energy, it becomes steam.
 WRAP-UP

Three states of matter exist: solid, liquid, and gas. Each has its own
unique set of physical properties. To summarize the content of your lesson for
today, fill in 1-5 with the following terms: directions, flow, shape,
compressed, and volume.
Solids Liquids Gases
• Have a definite (1)_____. • Have no definite • Have no definite shape
shape.
• Have a definite volume • Have a definite •Have no definite volume
(3) ____________.
• Cannot be compressed • Cannot be • Can be (4) ____________
compressed
• Do not (2) _________. • Flow and take • Flow and spread in all
the shape of the (5) ___________ to fill the
container container.

Everything that exists can be classed as either a type of (6) m_________

or a form of energy. Non-matter includes the (7) l___________ from the
fluorescent lamp, the (8) h____________ from the stove, and the (9) s__________
of an ambulance siren. You cannot hold, taste, or smell these things. They
are not type of matter but forms of (10) e_______________.

VALUING

It's important for you to know the properties of matter because all
things are made up of matter. Each type of matter has different physical
characteristics and you need to know and understand these characteristics
to make calculations. For example, if you would like to know the density of a
certain type of matter, you would need to know the mass and the volume of
that matter because the density of a substance is the ratio of its mass and its
volume (D= M/V).

The main physical characteristics of matter are mass, volume, weight,

density, odor, and color. These are the characteristics that help us to see
matter, feel matter, and taste matter.
 POSTTEST

Read and write the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which among the phases of matter is characterized by structural rigidity
and resistance to changes of shape or volume?
A. Gas
B. Liquid
C. Plasma
D. Solid

2. Three states of matter exist – solid, liquid, and gas. Which of the following
are the common properties of liquid?

A. It has no definite shape or volume.

B. It has definite shape and no definite volume.
C. It has a definite shape, and has definite volume.
D. It has a definite volume, but take the shape of the container.

3. Everything that exists can be classified as either a type of matter or a

form of energy. Which of the following is an example of matter?
A. air
B. heat
C. time
D. sunlight

4. Non-matter are not type of matter but forms of energy. Which of the
following statements describes non-matter?

A. They occupy space and have mass.

B. You cannot hold, taste, or smell these things.
C. They are type of matter that are also forms of energy.
D. Their physical properties are used to observe and describe matter.

5. The main physical characteristics of matter are mass, volume, weight,

density, odor, and color. Why do you need to study physical properties of
matter?
A. All things are made of matter.
B. Matter is anything that occupy space and has mass.
C. Matter typically exists in one of three states: solid, liquid, or gas.
D. Properties of matter help you to see matter, feel matter, and taste matter.
Activity 1: What’s inside the house?
Table 1 (Answers may vary) Closure:
Solids Liquids Gases 1. gases 5. solids
•chairs •water • Methane Gas 2. gases 6. solids
•tables •soy sauce inside the tank 3. solids 7. liquids
•bed •juice •air 4. liquids
•appliances •vinegar •oxygen
•cooking •alcohol •carbon dioxide
utensils
Activity 2: Which is Matter, which is not?
Table 2
Things Mat Non- Properties
outside the ter matter (Answers may vary)
house
1. Stone ✓ Hard, it occupies
space and has mass
2. Tree ✓ (same with #1)
3.Cable wire ✓ (same with #1) Guide Questions:
4. Car ✓ (same with #1) 1. Both occupy
5. water ✓ flowing; it occupies space and has mass.
space and has mass. 2. first 6 given only
6. Air ✓ It occupies space and 3. first six given only
has mass 4. Yes
7. Rainbow ✓ No volume, no mass 5. No, no
8. Heat ✓ No volume no mass
9. Sound ✓ No volume, no mass
10. Sunlight ✓ No volume, no mass
Pretest RECAP WRAP UP Posttest
1. A 1. Element 1. Shape 6. matter 1. D
2. D 2.Compound 2. flow 7. Light 2. D
3. C 3.Homogeneous 3. volume 8. Heat 3. A
4. A 4.Heterogeneous 4. compressed 9. Sound 4. B
5. A 5. directions 10. energy 5. D
KEY TO CORRECTION
 5. STATES
4. PLANT
3. VOLUME
2. CALCULATIONS
1. MATTER
Activity 3: Importance of Learning Properties of Matter

References
▪ Books
1. E. Madriaga et. al. (Revised Edition 2017). The Particle Nature of Matter. Science
Links 8. Rex Book Store Science and Technology Series. 856 Nicanor Reyes Sr.
St., Sampaloc, Manila. Page 235
2. P. Campo et. al. (Reprint Edition 2016). The Particle Nature of Matter. Science
Learner’s Module. DepEd-BLR. Meralco Avenue, Pasig City. Pages 171-173

▪ Online Sources

1. States of Matter

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/introchem/chapter/three-states-of-
matter/#:~:text=A%20solid%20will%20retain%20its,of%20more%20loosely%20p
acked%20particles.&text=Gaseous%20matter%20is%20composed%20of,A%20ga
s%20can%20be%20compressed.

2. Matter and Its States.

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/cheminter/chapter/solid-liquid-and-gas/

3. Phases of Matter

http://www.miamisci.org/af/sln/phases/nitrogensolid.html
4. What is the importance of matter in our daily life - Brainly.in
https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/airplane/state.html

5. Why is it important for scientists to know the properties of matter?

https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/why-important-scientists-know-
properties-matter