and the equation of motion for the tuned mass is given by

𝑢𝑢̈ 𝑑𝑑 + 2𝜉𝜉𝑑𝑑 𝜔𝜔𝑑𝑑 𝑢𝑢̇ 𝑑𝑑 + 𝜔𝜔𝑑𝑑2 𝑢𝑢𝑑𝑑 = −𝑢𝑢̈ (3.7)

The purpose of adding the mass damper is to limit the motion of the
structure when it is subjected to a particular excitation. The design of the mass damper
involves specifying the mass 𝑚𝑚𝑑𝑑 , stiffness 𝑘𝑘𝑑𝑑 , and damping coefficient 𝑐𝑐𝑑𝑑 . The damper
is tuned to the fundamental frequency of the structure such that
𝜔𝜔𝑑𝑑 = 𝜔𝜔 (3.8)

The stiffness’s for this frequency combination are related by

𝑘𝑘𝑑𝑑 = 𝑚𝑚
� 𝑘𝑘 (3.9)

Considering the primary mass is subjected to the following periodic sinusoidal excitation,
𝑝𝑝 = 𝑝𝑝̂ sin 𝛺𝛺𝛺𝛺 (3.10)
then the response is given by

𝑢𝑢 = 𝑢𝑢� sin(Ωt + δ1 ) (3.11)

𝑢𝑢𝑑𝑑 = 𝑢𝑢�𝑑𝑑 sin(Ωt + δ1 + δ2 ) (3.12)

where 𝑢𝑢� and δ denote the displacement amplitude and phase shift, respectively. The
critical loading scenario is the resonant condition, Ω = ω. The solution for this case
has the following form:

𝑝𝑝� 1
𝑢𝑢� = 𝑘𝑘𝑚𝑚� � 2𝜉𝜉 1 2 (3.13)
1+( ��� + )
𝑚𝑚 2𝜉𝜉𝑑𝑑

1
𝑢𝑢�𝑑𝑑 = 2𝜉𝜉 𝑢𝑢� (3.14)
𝑑𝑑

2𝜉𝜉 1
tan 𝛿𝛿1 = − � 𝑚𝑚� + 2𝜉𝜉 � (3.15)
𝑑𝑑

𝜋𝜋
tan 𝛿𝛿2 = − 2 (3.16)

The above expressions show that the response of the tuned mass is 90º out
of phase with the response of the primary mass. This difference in phase produces the
energy dissipation contributed by the damper inertia force.

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