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Rhodora C. Amora: Prepared by
Rhodora C. Amora: Prepared by
Prepared by:
Rhodora C. Amora
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
PHILOSOPHICAL
3 PERSPERCTIVE OF SELF
PRETEST
4 LEARNING OUTCOMES
PRE-ACTIVITY
10 ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES
14 POSTTEST
SUMMARY
15 KEY TERMS
REFERENCES
16 CHECK MY LEARNING 2
PHILOSOPHICAL
PERSPECTIVES OF SELF
MODULE 2
This module will walk you through the nature of self with the use of
philosophical lens in order to address some of basic life’s questions. Who am I?
Why do I exist? What is the purpose of my life? What is the truth? Reflecting on
these questions would help us appreciate life despite all the challenges, negative
views and uncertainties in this world. So, to be enlightened further, let’s learn from
these great thinkers in philosophy.
Pretest: Draw smiley face( ) if your answer is true; otherwise draw sad face
( )
_________1. The self is a “thinking” and “feeling” being within “us” and within
“ourselves.”
_________4. Search for our true identity is a product of learning, re-learning and
unlearning the lessons that we acquire from the teachings of life.
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Learning Outcomes
❖ Laptop
❖ Online Resources
Pre-Activities
Think-Pair Share. Choose a partner from your class. Here are some
As you interact with each other, what have you learned from the sharing ?
I have learned
that_________________________________________________________.
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Content and Discussion
In this lesson, you will broaden your horizon on the various concepts of self as
posited by the famous philosophers. Before we begin, let me share with you the
meaning of philosophy.
So with much ado, let’s begin with Socrates and Plato’s concepts of self.
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The Self as an Immortal Soul: Socrates and Plato
Plato (c428-348BC)
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Father’s love. Photo by Josh Willink from Pexels
➢ Reason—Our divine essence that enables us to
think
➢ deeply, make wise choices, and achieve a true
understanding of eternal truths.
➢ Physical Appetite—These include our basic
biological needs such as hunger, thirst, and sexual
desire.
➢ Spirit or Passion—These pertain to our basic
emotions such as love, anger, ambition,
aggressiveness, empathy.
▪ These three elements of our selves are in a dynamic relationship
with one another, sometimes working in concert, sometimes in
bitter conflict.
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The essence of yourself then is you are a “thinking thing,” a dynamic
identity that engages in all of those mental operations we associate with
being a human self.
For example,
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- has consciousness—being aware that we are thinking—always
accompanies thinking and is an essential part of the thinking
process.
the self and that no single impression of self exists; rather the self is just
self
▪ Gilbert Ryle [1900-1976] - The self is not an entity one can locate and
analyze but simply the convenient name that people use to refer to all
behaviors that people make. What truly matters is the behavior that a
▪ Paul Churchland[ born October 21, 1942 -] The self is the brain. This
implies that the mental states will be superseded by brain states. This is
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aspects of the universe are composed of matter and energy and can be
Assessment Activities
SAQ1(Self-assessment Questions)
1.1Compare Socrates concept of the soul and the concept of the self that
you described in the Pre-learning Activity.
1.2.1 What was the nature of the conflict? How was it resolved?
SAQ2.Can you describe some of the ways your mind significantly affects
your body: for example, when you are worried, happy, or in love.
SAQ 3. Can you describe some of the ways your body significantly affects
your mind: for example, when you are feeling sick, deprived of sleep,
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taking medications, or finding yourself in a physically dangerous/threatening
situation.
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grammatical grammatical grammatical of the
errors. errors. errors. response.
SAQ 4 . In your own words, state what “self” is for each of the following
philosophers.
1.Socrates
2.Plato
3.Descartes
4.Locke
5.Hume
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6.Kant
7.Ryle
8.Churchland
CONTENT Words are Some words are Words used The answer
selected selected somehow needs
appropriately. appropriately. represent the revision.
content.
Answers are Answers just
organized and needed few Some ideas
logically editing are vague.
presented
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grammatical grammatical l, spelling errors hinder
errors. errors. and understanding
grammatical of the
errors. response.
Online Resources
Reflect on your chosen quote/s by Inspirational Podcasts:Timeless Life Lesson. Just
click this link - https://youtu.be/unXsk0gBBe0 . Write a one paragraph reflection.
POSTTEST
Congratulations! You are done with Module 2. A link for your quiz will be given to
you prior to the schedule of the quiz.
LESSON SUMMARY
▪ Both Socrates and Plato viewed the self as an immortal soul. For Socrates, our
souls, which belong to the ideal realm are unchanging and immortal, surviving
the death of the body. For Plato, our soul has three components, namely, reason,
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▪ Descartes considered the self as a combination of two distinct entities, the
▪ For Locke, the self is consciousness because you are aware of yourself when you
▪ For Paul Churchland the self is the brain;while Immanuel Kant view the self is
KEY TERMS
Wisdom
REFERENCES
Book
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Alata,E.P.,Caslib,B.N.Jr.,Serafica, JP. J. & Pawilen,R.A.(2018).Understanding the
self. Manila,Philippines:
Rex Bookstore.
https://www.pearsonhighered.com/assets/samplechapter/0/2/0/5/020577699X.pdf
http://famous-philosophers.com/
https://youtu.be/unXsk0gBBe0 .
(https://philosophy.fsu.edu/undergraduate-study/why-philosophy/What-is-
Philosophy).
CHECK MY LEARNING
Answers to Pretest:
1.Smiley
2. Smiley
4. Smiley
5. Sad Face (We all have unknown areas of self that we need to explore and be
aware of.)
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Pre-activity (Think-Pair-Share) – Your answers depend on how you view yourself.
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