FBS 62 FOREST WILDLIFE AND BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

ACTIVITY NO. 1
FINAL TERM

Gatao, Jhon Mar E.

Student

For. Kleia Deinisa Polinar

Teacher
 FINAL TERM

Theoretical problem: A four (4) 20 x 30 plot inventory was conducted in a tropical

forest situated at higher elevation. The area was quarterly divided and these 4 plots
were observed to have a varying species composition and abundance. Instruction:
Write legibly. Compute for the diversity of these 4 communities using appropriate
method formulated by Shannon and Simspon. Round off your answers into three
decimal places. Compare and discuss the results. Come up with a conclusion based on
the results of the computation. (Please provide a detailed tabulation for each
community)
Community 1 (plot 1)
SPECIES OF n S2 pi ln(pi) Pi(lnpi)
COMMUNITY # 1 n(n-1)
N(N-1)
10(10-1)
Cardiocondylasp. 189(189-1) = 0.003 = 0.053 = − = − 0.156
1 10 2.937
15(15-1)
Crematogastersp. 189(189- = 0.006 = 0.079 = − = − 0.201
2 15 1) 2.538
1(1-1) 0
Cyphomyrmexsp. 189(189-1) = 0.000 = 0.005 = − = − 0.026
1 1 5.298
23(23-1)
Erebomyrma 189(189- = 0.014 = 0.122 = − = − 0.257
nevermanni 23 1) 2.104
15(15-1)
189(189- = 0.006 = 0.793 = − = − 0.184
Pheidole sp. 1 15 1) 0.232
7(7-1)
189(189- = 0.002 = 0.037 = − = − 0.122
Pheidole sp 7 1) 3.296
11(11-1)
189(189- = 0.003 = 0.058 = − = − 0.165
P. longiscapa 11 1) 2.847
5(5-1)
189(189- = 0.001 = 0.026 = − = − 0.095
P. punctatissima 5 1) 3.649
1(1-1)
189(189- = 0.000 = 0.005 = − = − 0.026
P. fiorii 1 1) 5.298
Sericomyrmexsp. 19 19(19-1)
1 189(189- = 0.009 = 0.101 = − = − 0.231
 1) 2.292
9(9-1)
189(189- = 0.002 = 0.047 = − = − 0.168
Solenopsis sp. 1 9 1) 3.576
31(31-1)
189(189- =0.026 = 0.164 = − = − 0.296
Solenopsis sp. 2 31 1) 1.809
13(13-1)
Gnamptogenyssp 189(189- = 0.004 = 0.069 = − = − 0.185
.2 13 1) 2.674
24(24-1)
Gnamptogenys 189(189- = 0.016 = 0.127 = −3.863 = − 0.491
sp. 1 24 1)
4(4-1)
189(189- = 0.001 = 0.021 = −3.863 = − 0.081
Hypoponera sp. 4 1)
1(1-1)
Tapinoma 189(189- = 0.000 0.005 = − = − 0.026
melanocephalum 1 1) 5.298
∑=0.
073 ∑ pi(lnpi)
S2 D = = − 2.71
0.073 H³
= − 2.71×1
= 2.71
Shanon’s
Equitablity

Eн = 2.71
ln(189)
= 2.71
5.242

Eн = 0.517

Total ∑=189

Community 2 (Plot 2)

Species of n n(n-1) S2 Pi ln(pi) Pi(lnpi)

community # 2 N(N-1)
15(15-1)
209(209- = 0.005 = 0.072 =− = − 0.189
Carabarella sp. 1 15 1) 2.631
17(17-1)
Cardiocondylasp. 209(209- = 0.006 = 0.081 =− = − 0.204
1 17 1) 2.513
20(20-1)
Crematogastersp. 209(209- = 0.008 = 0.096 =− = − 0.225
2 20 1) 2.343
 10(10-1)
Cyphomyrmexsp. 209(209- = 0.002 = 0.048 =− = − 0.146
1 10 1) 3.036

10(10-1)
209(209- = 0.002 = 0.048 =− = − 0.146
Erebomyrma 1) 3.036
nevermanni 10
12(12-1)
209(209- = 0.003 = 0.057 =− = − 0.163
Pheidole sp. 1 12 1) 2.865
15(15-1)
209(209- = 0.005 = 0.072 =− = − 0.189
Pheidole sp. 1 15 1) 2.631
10(10-1)
209(209- = 0.002 = 0.048 =−
1) 3.036
= − 0.146
Pheidole sp. 2 10
5(5-1)
209(209- = 0.001 = 0.024 =− = − 0.089
Pheidole sp. 1 5 1) 3.729
5(5-1)
209(209- = 0.001 = 0.024 =− = − 0.089
Pheidole sp. 3 5 1) 3.729
1(1-1)
209(209- = 0.000 = 0.005 =− = − 0.026
Pheidole sp. 4 1 1) 5.298
10(10-1)
209(209- = 0.002 = 0.048 =− = − 0.146
Pheidole sp. 5 10 1) 3.036
1(1-1)
209(209- = 0.000 = 0.005 =− = − 0.026
P. annectans 1 1) 5.298
3(3-1)
209(209- = 0.000 = 0.014 =− = − 0.598
P. longiscapa 3 1) 4.269
2(2-1)
209(209- = 0.000 = 0.009 =− = − 0.042
P. punctatissima 2 1) 4.711
5(5-1)
209(209- = 0.001 = 0.024 =− = − 0.089
P. fiorii 5 1) 3.729
8(8-1)
Sericomyrmexsp. 209(209- = 0.001 = 0.038 =− = − 0.124
1 8 1) 3.270
10(10-1)
209(209- = 0.002 = 0.048 =− = − 0.146
Solenopsis sp. 1 10 1) 3.036
Solenopsis sp. 3 11 11(11-1)
 209(209- = 0.003 = 0.053 =− = − 0.156
1) 2.937
1(1-1)
209(209- = 0.000 = 0.005 =− = − 0.026
Solenopsis sp. 4 1 1) 5.298
1(1-1)
209(209- = 0.000 = 0.005 =− = − 0.026
Solenopsis sp. 5 1 1) 5.298
2(2-1)
209(209- = 0.000 = 0.009 =− = − 0.042
Solenopsis sp. 6 2 1) 4.710
2(2-1)
209(209- = 0.000 = 0.009 =− = − 0.042
Solenopsis sp. 7 2 1) 4.710
3(3-1)
209(209- = 0.000 = 0.014 =− = − 0.598
Solenopsis sp. 8 3 1) 4.269
1(1-1)
Ectatomma 209(209- = 0.000 = 0.005 =− = − 0.026
gibbum 1 1) 5.298
5(5-1)
Gnamptogenyssp 209(209- = 0.001 = 0.024 =− = − 0.089
.2 5 1) 3.729
10(10-1)
Gnamptogenyssp 209(209- = 0.002 = 0.048 =− = − 0.146
.3 10 1) 3.036
1(1-1)
Gnamptogenyssp 209(209- = 0.000 = 0.005 =− = − 0.026
.4 1 1) 5.298
1(1-1) = 0.000
209(209- = 0.005 =− = − 0.026
Hypoponera sp. 1 1 1) 5.298
1(1-1)
209(209- = 0.000 = 0.005 =− = − 0.026
Hypoponera sp. 2 1 1) 5.298
1(1-1)
209(209- = 0.000 = 0.005 =− = − 0.026
Hypoponera sp. 3 1 1) 5.298
2(2-1)
209(209- = 0.000 = 0.009 =− = − 0.042
Hypoponera sp. 4 2 1) 4.710
3(3-1)
209(209- = 0.000 = 0.014 =− = − 0.598
1) 4.269
Paratrechina sp. 3
5(5-1)
Tapinoma 209(209- = 0.001 = 0.024 =− = − 0.089
melanocephalum 5 1) 3.729
Total ∑=209 ∑= 0.044 ∑ pi(lnpi)
S2 D = −4.595
 =0.044 H³
=−4.595×(−1)
H³=4.595
Shanon’s
Equitablity
Eн =4.595
ln (209)
= 4.595
5.342
Eн = 0.860

Community 3 (plot # 3) Community ( plot # 4

Species of n S3=N(N−1) Species of n S3=N(N-1

community # 3 n(n-1) community # 4 )
n(n-1)
= 0.509 Cardiocondylasp.
Carabarella sp. 1 0.0541 1 0.102 0.001
Cardiocondylasp. 0.008
1 0.0649 = 0.426 Crematogastersp. 0.152
Cyphomyrmexsp.
Crematogastersp. 0.0270 = 0.026 1 0.061 0.017
Cyphomyrmexsp. Erebomyrma
1 0.0541 = 0.509 nevermanni 0.051 0.021
Pheidole sp. 1 0.0162 = 1.625 Pheidole sp. 1 0.051 0.021
Pheidole sp. 2 0.0216 = 0.123 Pheidole sp. 1 0.025 0.042
Pheidole sp. 3 0.0054 = 5.2 P. longiscapa 0.066 0.016
P. annectans 0.1189 = 0.247 P. punctatissima 0.086 0.013
P. longiscapa 0.0919 = 0.313 P. fiorii 0.122 0.009
= 0.271 Sericomyrmexsp.
P. punctatissima 0.1081 1 0.137 0.008
P. fiorii 0.0595 = 0.464 Solenopsis sp. 1 0.005 0.2
Sericomyrmexsp. 0.2
1 0.0432 = 0.634 Solenopsis sp. 2 0.005
=1 Gnamptogenyssp
Solenopsis sp. 1 0.0270 .2 0.010 0.111
Ectatomma Gnamptogenys
gibbum 0.0270 =1 sp. 3 0.020 0.053
Gnamptogenyssp
.2 0.0541 = 0.509 Hypoponera sp. 0.025 0.042
Gnamptogenyssp Tapinoma
.3 0.0108 = 2.363 melanocephalum 0.081 0.014
Gnamptogenyssp TOTAL ∑= S3
.4 0.0054 = 5.2 0.999 D = 0.786
 Hypoponera sp. 1 0.0054 = 5.2
Hypoponera sp. 2 0.1081 = 0.271
Hypoponera sp. 3 0.0973 = 0.298
Total ∑ = 0. ∑= 26.614
973 S3
D=26.614

DISCUSSIONS

This activity was done to compare the species abundance and composition in 4
selected plots in tropical forest situated in higher elevation through the application of
Shannon and Simpson formulas. Thus, based on the obtained result above the
community 1 and2 are diverse communities. Diverse because this is based on the
formula that was used, the Simpson 2 or s2 and the Shannon diversity index. In
Simpsons 2 rule, if the result is less than 1 it implies higher diversity, thus the results
community # 1 and 2 are both less than 1 (community 1 =0.073, community 2 = 0.044).
While the Shannon’s rule is, if the result is greater than 1 it also implies a higher
diversity, thus the results of community 1 and 2 are greater than 1 (community 1 = 2.71,
community 2 = 4.595). Further, the community # 3 are also diverse these was based on
the used Simpson 3 or s3 formulas. Based on the results (s3= 26.614) and the s3 rule
the greater the results the diverse the community. Lastly the community # 4 are less
diverse because the results is less than 1(0.886). Based on the s3 rule the lower the
results the lower the diversity.

CONCLUSIONS

Therefore, based on the obtained results and deriving of a certain formula in the
different plots. In the 4 communities/plots, three of it are diverse (community # 1,2, and
3) and one of it is less diverse (community #4). Thus, diverse communities indicate that
the species are suitable to this kind of environments.