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    Pathophysiology Pneumonia

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    Chiro Rouy Malaluan
    Pneumonia occurs when microorganisms invade the respiratory tract and cause inflammation in the lungs. People who are more susceptible to developing pneumonia include the elderly, those with underlying lung conditions, weakened immune systems, poor nutrition, or an altered mental state. Common symptoms are cough, shortness of breath, increased secretions in the lungs, and fluid buildup in the airspaces. Pneumonia is typically diagnosed through chest x-rays, sputum testing, urine antigen testing, or bloodwork and treated with antibiotics. Most patients see improvement within 3-5 days but may feel fatigued for up to a month. Complications can include fluid buildup around the lungs, lung abscesses, infection spreading to the bloodstream

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    Pathophysiology Pneumonia

    Uploaded by

    Chiro Rouy Malaluan
    4K views2 pages
    Pneumonia occurs when microorganisms invade the respiratory tract and cause inflammation in the lungs. People who are more susceptible to developing pneumonia include the elderly, those with underlying lung conditions, weakened immune systems, poor nutrition, or an altered mental state. Common symptoms are cough, shortness of breath, increased secretions in the lungs, and fluid buildup in the airspaces. Pneumonia is typically diagnosed through chest x-rays, sputum testing, urine antigen testing, or bloodwork and treated with antibiotics. Most patients see improvement within 3-5 days but may feel fatigued for up to a month. Complications can include fluid buildup around the lungs, lung abscesses, infection spreading to the bloodstream

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    Pneumonia occurs when microorganisms invade the respiratory tract and cause inflammation in the lungs. People who are more susceptible to developing pneumonia include the elderly, those with underlying lung conditions, weakened immune systems, poor nutrition, or an altered mental state. Common symptoms are cough, shortness of breath, increased secretions in the lungs, and fluid buildup in the airspaces. Pneumonia is typically diagnosed through chest x-rays, sputum testing, urine antigen testing, or bloodwork and treated with antibiotics. Most patients see improvement within 3-5 days but may feel fatigued for up to a month. Complications can include fluid buildup around the lungs, lung abscesses, infection spreading to the bloodstream

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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    4K views2 pages

    Pathophysiology Pneumonia

    Uploaded by

    Chiro Rouy Malaluan
    Pneumonia occurs when microorganisms invade the respiratory tract and cause inflammation in the lungs. People who are more susceptible to developing pneumonia include the elderly, those with underlying lung conditions, weakened immune systems, poor nutrition, or an altered mental state. Common symptoms are cough, shortness of breath, increased secretions in the lungs, and fluid buildup in the airspaces. Pneumonia is typically diagnosed through chest x-rays, sputum testing, urine antigen testing, or bloodwork and treated with antibiotics. Most patients see improvement within 3-5 days but may feel fatigued for up to a month. Complications can include fluid buildup around the lungs, lung abscesses, infection spreading to the bloodstream

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    Pathophysiology Pneumonia

    IDEAL

    Predisposing Precipitating
    - Old age - Medications
    - Lung problem - Mechanical ventilation
    - Immunocompromised - Endotracheal , tracheostomy,
    status(from disease or
    and nasogastric tube
    medication)
    - Poor nutritional status
    - Altered level of consciousness

    Entry of microorganism Cough / Shortness of breath


    through nasal passages

    Invasion of the respiratory tract Massive Inflammation


    (Pneumonia)

    Infection Diagnostics: Treatment:

    - Chest x-ray  - Antibiotic


    Activation of immune response - Drink plenty of
    - Sputum
    testing  nonalcoholic
    - Urine antigen fluids to stay
    Increase secretions of fluids in testing  hydrated
    the alveoli - Blood testing  - Anti pyretics
    - Blood oxygen - avoid cigarette
    measurement  or other
    Increase secretions of fluids in Bronchoscopy  tobacco
    the alveoli smoke 
    - IV
    supplementati
    Exudates within the airspace of on with
    the lungs antibiotics
    Treated Complications

    A person with pneumonia usually Fluid accumulation — Fluid can develop between
    begins to improve after three to five the covering of the lungs (pleura) and the inner
    days of antibiotic treatment. lining of the chest wall; this is called a pleural
    Improvement may be defined as effusion. If the fluid becomes infected as a result of
    feeling better or having fewer pneumonia (called empyema), a chest tube (or less
    symptoms, such as cough and fever. commonly, surgery) may be needed to drain the
    Fatigue and a persistent, but milder, fluid.
    cough can last for up to one month,
    Abscess — A collection of pus in the area infected
    although most people are able to
    with pneumonia is known as an abscess. They can
    resume their usual activities within
    usually be treated with antibiotics; rarely, surgical
    seven days. Patients treated in the
    removal is needed.
    hospital may require three weeks or
    more to resume normal activities. Bacteremia — Bacteremia occurs when the
    pneumonia infection spreads from the lungs to the
    bloodstream. This is a serious complication since
    infection can spread quickly from the bloodstream
    to other organs. Bacteremia can also cause the
    blood pressure to be dangerously low.

    Death — Although most people recover from


    pneumonia, it can be fatal in some cases. The
    mortality rate is approximately 5 to 10 percent
    among patients admitted to a general medical
    ward, but is as high as 30 percent in patients with
    severe infection requiring admission to an
    intensive care unit.

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