Iving tr 25 ouaready know that a shape can be trans wena shape undergoes any oft Jesay the same. Under these three transf ‘ a. when you reflect a shape on a coordinate gri : LET) eguition ofthe mirror ine ee | Aljvertical lines are parallel tothe y-axis and have the equation x = aan ‘Athorizontal lines are parallel to the x-axis a ae E : ‘axis and have the equation y ='a number: —+—t 5 ‘When you translate a shape on a coordinate grid, you can describe its movement with a column vect ‘his is an example of a column vector: | Thetap number states how many unis to move the shape ight (postive number) o eft (negative number) eter eates how many isto mire the shape ip (pontivenumber) oc down (cegative number). a | * Ferra. (*) means'move the sapedunterightand suns | [eroton tent ison square 10 one cats the numbers alt You how many sates | move oop Youcan use any of these three transformations to solve all sorts of problem. Worked example 12.22 ) a angle on a coral Ghia oem, BC cities Feb 3) wor ee al triangle (object) 3 squetes right and 2 squares Up. arate» squates right and 1 square down, ‘Suares let and + square up. at left and 3 squares down, 142 Tesellations, transformations and loch.° clockwise about the point (4, 3) i it r. Carefully trace she jest w this is to use tracing pape’ ee TS tai penel on the point (4 2) Turn the tac paper 90° clockwise, then draw the image of shape A. {abel this image shape B. Draw the line x = 4 onto t Draw the image and label it shape C. Tra vlenr thatthe red cross on shapes B and C have exactly the same coordinates. first, rotate shape A through 9 the grid and reflect shape A in the line, The coordinates of the red cross on shapes B and C are (5, 2). @ 4 The diagram shows shape A on a coordinate grid. et] Copy the grid, then draw the image of shape A after each translation, ‘O. *Cy Gia 2 The diagram shows triangle B on a coordinate grid, ‘Make two copies of the grid, @ On the first copy, draw the image of tri Ne tan 8¢ of triangle B after reflection Tx=4 0 Hy=3 i xe Onthe second copy. draw the mage or uae 4 i 90° clockwise about the point 4, a ‘langle B after a rotation: ii 90° anticlockwise about the po, ii 180° about the point (2, 4) Put > 1) iv 180° about the point (4, 3) ) 42 Tessellations, transformations and loc =his is part of Oditi’s Question Draw areflect ow the coordin equation = 4. Expla Explain your method Q inane Reflected triangle drawn ow grid 2 Lveflectad eaclvcorner ofthotrianipicin, } the line; ther joined the three corners Pia together aang Make a copy of this grid, y Pe Use Oditi’s method to draw these reflections, s a Reflect the triangle in the line x= 4. i yf X b Reflect the parallelogram in the line y= 5, : € Reflect the kite in the line x sie ot ale e ot i @ 4 The diagram shows shape X on a coordinate grid. One corner of shape X is marked with a red cross. Razi rotated shape X 180° about the point (-1, 0) and labelled, itshape Y. A He translated shape X by the column vector ( ee labelled the image shape Z. cs a @ Show that what Razi said is correct. b Write down the coordinates of the red crosses on shapes Y and Z. i coordinate gr % 5 The diagram shows shape ABCD on a coordinate gr 8. Write down the coordinates of the points B,Cand D. The di ‘shows the line with equation y= b Copy the aan Reflect shape ABCD in the line y= x Label the © Write down the coordinates of the points A',BC’andD. Bi Girepare yout anewesi to parts 8 and ¢- What do you nots abont the coordinates of ABCD and its image A'B'CD The red crosses on shapes ¥ | hhave exactly the same coordinates |42 Tessellations, transformations and loci12.3 Transforming shapes a Jations and rotations to tr ions, translation an wrens that maps an object onto its AB « the equation of th column vector, You can use a combination of refl You can also describe the transformati AAS lind e mi scribe a reflection you must give: + t ust give: « the c ee the centre of rotation * the number of degrees of the whole turn) ee. . the direction of the rotation (clockwi To describe a rotation you must give rotation Q Note that when a rotation is 180° (half a turn) you do not need to give the direction ofthe rotation as the image of the object will be the same whether yo rotate it clockwise or anticlockwise. The diagram shows triangles A, B, C and D. @ Draw the image of triangle A after a reflection in the y-axis followed by a rotation 90° clockwise, centre (-1, 1). Label the image E, b Describe the transformation that transforms: i triangle A to triangle B fi triangle 8 to triangle C iii triangle C to triangle D. First, reflect triangle A in the y-axi n Y-axis to give the blue triangle shown on the diagram, Then Totate the blue triangle 90° Clockwise about (7 triangle, Ut “4 9. shown by a red dot, to give the 1 Remember to label the final triangle E. b 1 Wiangle Ato tangle Bisa reflection in the tine Tangle 8 to tlangle Cis. a rotation gge anticlockwise n 1k dot 3), shown by a pink dot. pinl i Tangle Cto tangle Disa translation gan ‘quates leh vector is {-), and three Squares up, so the column 3 = shown in orange, ) 12 Tessellations, transformations and lociwise), r you sle ed 4 The diagram shows shapes L, My Make two copies of the diag On different copies of th Aafter each of these combinations of ; a Reflection in the y-axis followed by the tran b Rotation of 90° anticlockwise, centre (1,2) followen byareflection in the line x mar 2. The diagram shows triangle B on a coordinate grid t Make four copies of the diageam, On different copies of the diagram, draw the image of Bafter each combination of transformations. a Translation » |, followed by a reflection in the xa € Translation (7 i; followed by a rotation of 9X" clocks centre 2,1) Ps 1, followed by a rotation 90° 4 Reflection in the line y= anticlockwise, centre (2,2). 3. The diagram shows shapes G, H, 1, Jand K on a coordinate grid Describe the reflection that transforms: a shape G to shape H b shape G to shape K € shape H to shape shape Jto shape I. NN, Pand Qona coordinate grid. Describe the translation that transforms: i @ shape N to shape L- b shape Nto i Bah € shapeNto shapeQ shape NtoshePe Riisrane Lio shapelpyimy Ff shape PwosbepeMs 142 Tessellations,transfommations and locia coordinate grid 5. The diagr triangles Sy) UW Soca Describe the rotation that transforms triangle R to triangle $ ‘ b triangle § to triangle T © triangle T to triangle U d triangle U to triangle V € triangle V to triangle W i ( & 6 The diagram shows three shapes X,Y and Z 6 on a coordinate grid. Make three copies of the grid : On the first grid draw shape X, on the second grid draw iN zi bh shape Y and on the third grid draw shape Z. a On the first grid draw the image of X after the combination of transformations: pet = 1 followed by a rotation 90° [6 -§ -4 -} 2-1, anticlockwise, centre (2, -3) rotation 90° anticlockwise, centre (2, ~3), followed alt bya reflection in the line y= 1. b On the second grid draw the image of ¥ after the combination of transformations: Jel i_ reflection in the line x= —1 followed i reflection in the line by the translation ex translation | followed by a reflection in the line x = © On the third grid draw the image of Z after the combination of transformations: i arotation of 180, centre (0,0) followed by a reflection in the line y= 2 iia reflection in the line y= 2 followed by a rotation of 180°, centre (0,0). 4 i. What do you notice about your answers to and ii in parts/a, b and et ii Does it matter in which order you carry out combined trareforn athens? F i 7 mations? Explain your ansve: ii Write down two diferent transformations that you can carry out on ahs bn toon te bal image i the same, whatever order you do the transformations . ag 7 The diagram shows shapes A, B, C, D and Eona coordinate grid. Describe the single transformation that oe 1 shape Ato shape B eae UO shape B to shape C nel - | shape C to shape D, b Describe a combined transformation th, i. shape A to shape D Ii. shape B to shape EF. at transforms; ) 42 Tessellations, transformations and loct