The common types of motor used in an elevator for a 25 storey building are DC

motors, AC asynchronous motor or AC synchronous motor. Those motors are connected

to a gearbox and then to a drive sheave that moves the cable.

DC motors have good control characteristics. The lift car

acceleration/deceleration dynamics can be easily controlled due to the torque stability at
the low speed range. The advantage of DC motors is the achievement of good riding
comfort. However, DC motors are bulky in size and expensive in price. The brushes in
the DC motors add complications to the maintenance works and motor operating noise.
The motor drive systems for DC motor are DC motor drive with generator set (DC M-G)
and DC motor drive with solid state controller (DC SS). DC M-G has low efficiency
because of large energy loss in the motor and generator arrangement, which converts
electrical energy into mechanical energy and finally back to electrical energy again.
Another reason for the low efficiency of the DC M-G motor drive is that the motor has to
be kept running when the lift is idle.

For AC asynchronous motor to be installed in lift equipment, it has to be multi-

pole design and operate at low frequency. The efficiency of the motor for such design is
below 70% and torque pulsation is a problem for AC asynchronous motors operating at
low frequency and low speed range. With the advancement of magnet material,
permanent magnet has been used in AC synchronous motor for it to be installed in lift
equipment. Compared with asynchronous motors, the permanent magnet synchronous
motors are claimed to save energy by 30-50%. This saving is a result of the complete
elimination of excitation current and the high power factor (~0.9) achieved. The AC
motor drive systems that can be used in elevator for 25 storey building are AC motor
drive with variable voltage controller (ACVV) and AC motor drive with variable voltage
and variable frequency controller (ACVVVF). The ACVVVF system required less
energy than ACVV system to produce the same output. Besides that, ACVVVF system
also provides good riding comfort due to the smoothness of speed control.
Comments:

I think the lecturer would not like to see so many words, so I would be appreciated if you
can categorize those motor types into point form or table according to their application,
advantage and disadvantages. Of course, you can categorize it into other categories as
long as it is easy to understand. A brief introduction can also be included.