Chapter 2 - Historical Foundation of Education

WeeK 3- Chapter 2- Historical Foundation of Education  

                        

Introduction

                Education or school is an institution created by society. Education is a function of

society and as arises from the nature and character of society itself. Society seeks to preserve
itself and to do this it maintains its functions and institutions, one of which is education, to assure
its survival, stability and convenience.

               As John Dewey claimed, it is the school that “introduced and trains each child of
society into membership within such a little community, saturating him with the spirit of service,
and providing him with the instruments of effective self-direction…” When schools succeed to
do this, in the words of Dewey “ we shall have the deepest and best guaranty of a larger society
which is worthy, harmonious, and lovely.

               This is called the socialization process. Socialization is the “process of learning the
roles, statuses and values necessary for participation in social insitutions….” (Brinkerhoff,D.,)
1989)

               Socialization is a lifelong process. It occurs primarily during early childhood but as we
progress from infancy to old age we shed old roles and adopt new ones.Role learning that
prepares us for future roles is termed anticipatory socialization.( Brinkerhoff D., 1989.)
Because of anticipatory socialization most of us are more or less prepared for our future roles
like spouse, parent, professional teacher.

              The family is the most important agent of socialization. Psychology tells us that the self-
concept formed during childhood has lasting consequences. Besides, “the parents’ religion,
social class and ethnicity influence the child’s social roles and self-concept which in turn
influence the expectations that others have for the child, and they determine the groups with
which the child will interact outside the family”.(Brinkerhoff, D.,)1989)

Pre-competency Checklist
 1. What is the function of schools according to John Dewey’s statement? 
 According to John Dewey, it is expected that school is a place where introduced
and trains each child of society into membership within such a little community,
saturating him with the spirit of service, and providing him with the instruments
of effective self-direction.
2. Who creates schools?
 Education or school is an institution created by society.
3. What is the relationship between schools and society?
 Education is a function of society and as arises from the nature and character of
society itself. Society seeks to preserve itself and to do this it maintains its
functions and institutions, one of which is education, to assure its survival,
stability and convenience.

            

Learning Resources

Lecture discussion through online forum on the following topics:

●       Discuss the education in Primitive Society ( Brinkerhoof 1989)

●       What are the Key Periods in Educational History?

●       The History of the Philippine Educational System.

                                Explore

                                Recitation through online discussion explore the following.

 

●       The importance of Studying History of Education.

●       The Varied Goals of Education in Different Historical Periods of Philippine history.

                                Discussion Board

1. Should college education be for all? Or should it be given only to those who are
intellectually capable of college education? Those who are not should be directed to
technical education.  Isn‘t giving access to college education for one who is not
intellectually capable a waste of time and resources?
 Every student has the rights to decide for themselves. As with it, college
education must be available for all. We should not be selfish of the knowledge
for it must be available to all. Though an individual is an intellectually incapable,
we do not know the possibilities of that person. We are depriving them of their
future. It is not a waste of time nor waste of resources because we may not know
the man’s future. A beggar of present may be a millionaire in the future. We just
have to extend them the education rights they must received.
2. Of the developments in Philippine education in the post-colonial period, which to you is
most important?
 In my opinion, the most important development is the education for all project of
our government. It is a mark of evolution of Philippine education for it will rise
the literacy percentage of the country. As well, the poor can afford education that
will help them achieve their dreams.

                                Post-Competency Checklist

●         Education is a function of society. What does this imply?

I.             Citizens are taught what society considered most important.

II.            Society determines curriculum to be taught.

III.          Those in education taught what they believed should be taught regardless of society’s
need.

●       If education is a function of society then it has to be ____.

a.    Relevant                     c. for selected few

b.    Complete                    d. free

●       While the Japanese taught the Filipinos love for labor, the Americans taught the
Filipino_______

a.    citizenship in a democratic country

b.    survival skills

c.    love for country

d.    dignity