EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL OF HEALTH SCIENCES/UNZA

FINAL EXAMINATIONS FOR DIPLOMA IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

FOR
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH TECHNOLOGISTS

MIZ 332: MEAT INSPECTION AND ZOONOSIS III

DATE: 5 JUNE, 2016

TIME: 9:00 – 12:00 HOURS

Candidate’s Examination Number: …………………………………………………………………………………………………

Candidate’s NRC N umber: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Examination Centre:……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

1. Check that you have the correct examination paper in front of you.
2. There are FOUR (4) sections in this paper, ONE, TWO, THREE and FOUR
3. Read the instructions very carefully in each section before attempting to answer.
4. All questions must be answered on the examination answer booklet provided only.
5. Write down the number of the questions that you have answered on the cover of the
examination answer booklet.
6. No books, files or mechanical aids are permitted in the examination room.
7. There are shall be no form of communication between students during the examination. Any
student caught doing this will be disqualified

CELLPHONES & PROGRAMMABLE CALCULATORS ARE NOT ALLOWED IN THE EXAMINATION ROOM

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO BY THE INVIGILATOR

1
SECTION ONE-MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS: Answer all questions in this section. All
questions carry 3 marks (Total = 30 marks)

1. The following are the objectives of ante-mortem inspection except:

A. Screening all animals destined for slaughter
B. Identifying and excluding sick animals
C. Ensuring animals are rested properly
D. Treatment of sick animals
2. The following is palpable during AM inspection:
A. Mandibular lymph node
B. Retropharyngel lymph node
C. Bronchial lymph node
D. Hepatic lymph node
3. The following may lead to whole carcass condemnation except:
A. Leanness
B. Emaciation
C. Extensive contamination
D. Putrefaction
4. Professional and technical knowledge during ante-mortem inspection utilizes among
them:
A. Incision, palpation, records and olfaction
B. Palpation, olfaction, records and vision
C. Incision, observation, palpation and records
D. Olfaction, vision, incision and observation
5. Whole carcass condemnation may not occur in:
A. Fever accompanied conditions
B. Imperfect bleeding
C. Suffocation
D. Emergent slaughter due to pelvic fractures
6. PM inspection may involve all except:
A. Determining the significance of the lesions into primary and secondary
lesions
B. Coordinating AM and PM findings
C. Ascertain whether the condition is localized or generalized

2
 D. Prevent floor contamination by excluding animals with suspected reportable
diseases

7. The purpose of meat inspection include among other:

A. Feedback communication with animal suppliers for appropriate action
B. Safeguarding Public Health
C. Improving international trade
D. All of the above
8. Emaciation is not a characteristic feature of:
A. Bovine tuberculosis
B. High milking producing normal animals
C. Injuries to the tongue and oral cavity
D. Heavy warm parasitism of the liver
9. During meat inspections:
A. It is not always possible to achieve a disease diagnosis
B. Need to collect samples if cases is complex
C. Report notifiable diseases to superiors before taking any action
D. All of the above
10. Which of the following pathognomonic signs is correctly matched to its disease
A. Poor post-mortem clotting of blood – anthrax
B. Liver flukes in the lungs – Paratuberculosis
C. Retained foetal membranes from the vulva – brucellosis
D. Swollen joints – Contagious bovine Pleuropneumoniae (CBPP)

SECTION TWO: Answer all questions in this section. Each question carry 2 marks
(Total = 20 marks)

1. Poorness is only a function of production, the animal is physiologically normal

A. True
B. False
2. Carcass condemnation may not occur if the sexual odour is still present after 48
hours
A. True
B. False
3. Tissue necrosis may cause aseptic fever
A. True
B. False

3
4. Processing of fetal flesh from “non-emergency” slaughtered pregnant carcasses is
popular in Zambia

A. True
B. False
5. Uterine manipulation by the an overzealous meat inspector in suspected cases of
Brucellosis can be infective
A. True
B. False
6. Only apparently health carcass is passed for human consumption
A. True
B. False
7. Meat from the traditional sector in most cases is further processed due to its
poor grade
A. True
B. False
8. Carcass portions contaminated with feacal content must be washed only to
prevent economic losses by the plant due organ condemnation
A. True
B. False
9. PM changes only occur in carcasses due to pathologic conditions
A. True
B. False
10. Once in the lairage, the pattern and flow of animals into the abattoir plant is
unidirectional i.e no animals can be isolated even when diagnosed to be
pregnant
A. True
B. False

4
SECTION THREE-SHORT ANSWER SECTION: Answer FOUR questions only in this
section. All questions carry equal marks (total marks = 20 Marks)

The new government of the Republic of Zambia has prioritized economic diversification

from the traditional copper mining to Agricultural and livestock production. Focusing on

livestock production, meat inspection is an important integral component safe guarding

public health and entry into export markets. In view of the above:

1. State the importance of meat inspection in the beef value chain. Indicate how

the objectives of meat inspection are achieved (5 Marks)

2. State the factors influencing the fast development of PM changes in a pig

carcass and list any four PM changes (5 Marks)

3. State the professional and technical knowledge the meat inspector must fully

utilize to pass judgment on an animal from AM through to PM and final

judgment of carcass (5 Marks)

4. Clearly sketch the beef value chain map in Zambia and clearly indicate the

points where meat inspectors intervene (5 Marks)

5. Compare and contrast poorness and emaciation. Clearly state the implication of
each during meat inspection (5 Marks)

5
SECTION FOUR- LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS: Answer ANY TWO questions from this
section. All questions carry 15 marks (total marks = 30 marks)

1. During your early hours morning routine meat inspection in the cold-dry season
in Choma district (one of the coldest in the country), you objectively detect an
with high body temperature, increased respiratory and heart rate with no prior
exercises. The plant manager explains that he isolated the animal awaiting your
advice. Furthermore he explains the animal not been drinking water and it’s
reluctant to move.
a. What is your suspected diagnosis? (3 Marks)
b. What other AM signs are you likely to observe? (5 Marks)
c. List the PM lesions likely to be observed (5 marks)
d. What would be your judgment? (2 marks)

2. Zoonotic infections contribute to over 60% of all known human infectious

pathogens. Other zoonoses have been implicated to be foodborne including meat
from domesticated animals. Clearly:
a. Define zoonoses (3 Marks)
b. List the various ways of classifing zoonotic infections (5 Marks)
c. State the factors responsible for the continued spread of zoonotic
infections (5 Marks)
d. State what you understand about one health concept (2 Marks)

3. Discuss how you would proceed to conduct Post-mortem inspection of all

organs for a mature bull slaughtered at Chongwe district local council slaughter

slab. Would you proceed to inspect the animal if any organ is missing?

(15 Marks)