HIV

1. To which of the following disease HIV virus leads to?

a) Cancer
b) Brain tumour
c) AIDS
d) Hepatitis

2. What is the full form of HIV?

a) Human immunodeficiency virus
b) Human immunodeficiency vessels
c) Health interexchange virus
d) Health immunodeficiency virus

3. Which cells are destroyed by HIV?

a) A- helper cells
b) K-helper cells
c) T-helper cells
d) Y-helper cells

4. Which is the second most common way of spreading HIV?

a) Sexual intercourse with HIV infected
b) Sharing needles
c) Sharing food
d) From infected mother to child

5.  What is the full form of AIDS?

a) Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
b) Accepted immunodeficiency syndrome
c) Acquired immunodeficiency symptoms
d) Accepted immunodeficiency symptoms
6. HIV is spread by mosquitoes.
a) True
b) False

7. How many stages are there in HIV infection?

a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four

8. What is the symbol of HIV-positive people?

a) Blue ribbon
b) Yellow ribbon
c) White ribbon
d) Red ribbon

9. How many clinical staging systems are used to classify HIV and HIV related disease for
surveillance purposes?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four

10. When did the World Health Organization first proposed a definition for AIDS?
a) 1956
b) 1966
c) 1976
d) 1986

11. What is India’s position in HIV infected in the world?

a) First
b) Second
c) Third
d) Fourth

12.  In which country AIDS was first clinically observed?

a) India
b) The United States
c) Norway
d) Pakistan

13. There are many vaccines that prevent HIV completely.

a) True
b) False

14. Development of vaccine for AIDS is difficult because env gene

a) integrates its genome into that of helper Tcells

b) Undergoes reverse transcription

c) Undergoes mutation at rapid rate

d) Integrates into large number of host gene

15. The causative agent for AIDS was first of all identified in 1984 and was named as

a) HTLV III

b) HIV-1

c) HIV-2

d) LAV

16. HIV belongs to which of the following families of virus?

a) Lentivirus
b) Adenovirus

c) Togavirus

d) Reovirus

17. AIDS testing on normal individual is done by

a) Identification of antibodies

b) Identification of antigen toxin

c) Reduction in immunity of the individuals

d) Separation by virus

18. The confirmatory test used to diagnose AIDS is

a) Western blot

b) PCR

c) ELISA

d) ESR

19. HIV virus has a protein coat and a genetic material which is

a) Single stranded RNA

b) Single stranded DNA

c) Double stranded RNA

d) Double stranded DNA

20.  HIV is a retrovirus that infects and colonizes cells in the ______.

a. immune system
b. immune system and the central nervous system
 c. endocrine system
d. immune system and endocrine system

21. In 2015, the global prevalence of HIV infection was ______.

a. 0.2%
b. 0.4%
c. 0.6%
d. 0.8%

22. The most common cause of inpatient admission to hospital for those living with HIV is
______.

a. tuberculosis and other mycobacterial infections

b. cardiovascular disorders
c. bacterial infections
d. none of these

23. ______ who need combination antiretroviral therapy receive it.

a. Two in ten
b. One in five
c. Four in ten
d. Three in five

24. According to Crepaz, Hart and Marks (2004), people’s ______ and viral load may promote
unprotected sex.

a. beliefs about cART

b. knowledge of risk
c. beliefs about transmission
d. level of health literacy

25. HIV is thought to have originated from

a. Birds
b. Mosquitos
 c. Chimpanzees
d. None of the above

26. In individuals with HIV, opportunistic infections are:

a. More frequent
b. Less frequent
c. Non-existent
d. None of the above

27. Which of the following is not a risk factor for mother-to-child transmission of HIV?

a) A high maternal viral load

b) Advanced maternal age

c) A low maternal CD4 count

d) A history of stillbirth

e) Prolonged rupture of membranes

28. Which one of the following is a good prognostic factor for an adult infected with HIV who is
about to start highly active antiretroviral therapy?

a) Infection through injection-drug use rather than sexual intercourse

b) A CD4 count less than 350 cells/ml

c) A viral load greater than or equal to 100,000 copies/ml

d) Under 50 years of age

29. Which of the following is true about rapid HIV-antibody tests that use oral fluid?

a) These tests have high sensitivity but low specificity

 b) These tests have low sensitivity but high specificity

c) These tests have high sensitivity and specificity

30. What is the most common AIDS-defining illness in developed nations?

a) Kaposi sarcoma

b) Pneumocystis pneumonia

c) Tuberculosis

d) Lymphoma

31. In people infected with HIV in Africa, what is the most frequent cause of death?

a) Tuberculosis

b) Pneumocystis pneumonia

c) Herpes simplex virus

d) Toxoplasma gondii encephalitis

e) Invasive fungal diseases

32. HIV belongs to --------------------Family.

Answer: Retroviridae.

33. HIV is called as a Retrovirus because it works in --------------------------way.

Answer: Back-to-front.

34. Retroviruses store their genetic information using -----------------------------------.

Answer: RNA instead of DNA.

35. The HIV viruses are approximately -------------------- in diameter.

Answer: 100nm.

36. Antiretroviral treatment combines several different types of drugs each of which targets a
different stage in HIV infection, which are:

Answer: 1) Abacavir- Inhibits the activity of CCR5

2) Didanosine – Integrase inhibitor

3) Zidovudine – Inhibits the activity of reverse transcriptase

Other drugs such as tenofovir, Emtricitabine,etc can also be used.