2021

S K Mondal
24. The cast Iron which possesses all the carbon in the combined for as cementite is know as
(A) White Cast Iron (B) Spheroidal Cast Iron
(C) Grey Cast Iron (D) Malleable Cast Iron
Key: (A)
Sol: White cast iron has carbon in the form of cementic hence the answer is option ‘A’
 2020
S K Mondal
6. Which one of the following statements about a phase diagram is INCORRECT?
(A) Solid solubility limits are depicted by it
(B) It indicates the temperature at which different phases start to melt
(C) It gives information on transformation rates
(D) Relative amount of different phases can be found under given equilibrium conditions
Key: (C)
Sol: Phase diagram will give the following information.
(i) It shows phases present at different compositions and temperatures under slow
cooling (equilibrium) conditions.
(ii) It indicates equilibrium solid solubility of one element/compound in other.
(iii) It indicates the temperature at which an alloy starts to solidity and the range of solidification.
But phase diagrams do not indicate the dynamics (transformation rates) whenone phase is transforms
into other.

18. Match the following.

Heat treatment process Effect
P. Tempering 1. Strengthening
Q. Quenching 2. Toughening
R. Annealing 3. Hardening
S. Normalizing 4. Softening
(A) P-4, Q-3, R-2, S-1 (B) P-1, Q-1, R-3, S-2
(C) P-3, Q-3, R-1, S-3 (D) P-2, Q-3, R-4, S-1
Key: (D)
Sol: Annealing may be defined as the softening process.
In normalizing, steels are allowed to cool in still air. The main purpose of
normalizing is for strengthening.
The purpose of quenching is to increase the hardness so that is can resist wear.
The purpose of tempering is toughening.

23. The crystal structure of  iron (austenite phase) is

(A) BCC (B) BCT (C) FCC (D) HCP
Key: (C)
Sol: Austenite also known as Gamma-phase iron is having FCC
(Face Centered Cubic) crystal structure.
 S K Mondal
2019

49. The binary phase diagram of metals P and Q is shown in the figure. An alloy X containing 60%
P and 40% Q (by weight) is cooled from liquid to solid state. The fractions of solid and liquid
(in weight percent) at 1250°C, respectively, will be

Liquidus
1500 X
Liquid

1250
Temperature Solidus
 C 
Solid
1000

100% P 20 32 40 60 68 80 100%Q

Concentration of Q
 in weight % 
(A) 22.2% and 77.8% (B) 68.0% and 32.0%
(C) 32.0% and 68.0% (D) 77.8% and 22.2%
Key: (A)

co  c 40  32
Sol: ms    22.2%
cs  c 68  32
m  77.8%
 S K Mondal
2018

13. The number of atoms per unit cell and the number of slip systems, respectively, for a face-centered
cubic (FCC) crystal are
(A) 3, 3 (B) 3, 12 (C) 4, 12 (D) 4, 48
Key: (C)

21. Denoting L as liquid and M as solid in a phase-diagram with the subscripts representing different
phases, a eutectoid reaction is described by
(A) M1  M 2  M3 (B) L1  M1  M2
(C) L1  M1  M2 (D) M1  M 2  M3
Key: (A)
Exp: At Eutectoid point one solid converts into the another solid
M1  M 2  M3
M = Solid
i.e.     Fe3C

S K Mondal
2017
20. The crystal structure of aluminium is
(A) body-centred cubic (B) face-centred cubic
(C) close-packed hexagonal (D) body-centred tetragonal
Key: (B)

25. Given the atomic weight of Fe is 56 and that of C is 12, the weight percentage of carbon in
cementite (Fe3C) is _________.
Key: 6.3 to 7.0
12
Exp: Percentage of carbon by weight in cementite =  100  6.67%
56  3  12
 S K Mondal
2016
20. The “Jominy test” is used to find
(A) Young‟s modulus (B) hardenability
(C) yield strength (D) thermal conductivity
Key: (B)

49. Heat is removed from a molten metal of mass 2 kg at a constant rate of 10 kW till it is completely
solidified. The cooling curve is shown in the figure.
Assuming uniform temperature throughout the
volume of the metal during solidification,
the latent heatof fusion of the metal
(in kJ/kg) is .
Key: (50)
Exp: Since heat is removed at constant rate
10kw is removed per second.
So, latest heat = mL  10 kW  10sec 
2 L  100 kJ L  50kJ / kg

48. A hypothetical engineering stress-strain curve shown in the figure has three straight lines PQ, QR, RS
with coordinates P(0,0), Q(0.2,100), R(0.6,140) and S(0.8,130). 'Q' is the yield point, 'R' is the UTS
point and 'S' the fracture point.

R  0.6,140 
160
140 4
3
2
S  0.8,130 
120
100
Q  0.2,100 
Stress in

80 1
MPa

60
40
20
0
The toughness of the material (in MJ/m3) is ________ . P  0,0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
Key: 0.85 Strainin %
Exp: Toughness of material
Total area – [Area of 1 + Area of 2 + Area of 3 + Area of 4]

 140 
 
0.8   1
    100 
100   2 
0.2
100
 40 
0.2
100 1
  40 
2
0.4
100
1

  10 
2
0.2 
100  
 1.12   0.1  0.08  0.08  0.01  0.85MJ m3
 S K Mondal
2016
21. In the phase diagram shown in the figure, four samples of the same composition are heated to
temperatures marked by a, b, c and d.

At which temperature will a sample get solutionized the fastest?

(A) a (B) b (C) c (D) d
Key: (C)

48. In a binary system of A and B, a liquid of 20% A (80% B) is coexisting with a solid of 70% A (30% B).
For an overall composition having 40% A, the fraction of solid is
(A) 0.40 (B) 0.50 (C) 0.60 (D) 0.75
Key: (A)

 0.2L  0.7S  0.4 20% A 70% A

 L  S 
80% B 30% B
0.2L  0.7S  0.4L  0.4S
Liquid (L) Solid (S)
0.2L  0.3S ...(1)
S
Fraction of solid 
S L  0.2L  0.7S % A


S

0.2
 0.40  0.8L  0.3S % B
0.3 0.5
S S Mixture of liquid&solid
0.2
 S K Mondal
2015
38. A triangular facet in a CAD model has vertices: P1(0, 0, 0); P2(1, 1, 0) and P3(1, 1, 1). The area of the
facet is
(A) 0.500 (B) 0.707
(C) 1.414 (D) 1.732

Answer: (B)
y
1
Exp: Area   b  h
2
1
 a 2 a
2
a 1 x
1
  0.7071
2
z

7. The atomic packing factor for a material with body centered cubic structure is _______
Answer: 0.64
 S K Mondal
2014
24. The process of reheating the martensitic steel to reduce its brittleness without any significant loss in its
hardness is
(A) Normalising (B) annealing (C) quenching (D) tempering

Answer: (A)

24. Match the heat treatment processes (Group A) and their associated effects on properties (Group B) of
medium carbon steel:

Group A Group B

P: Tempering I: Strengthening and grain refinement

Q: Quenching II: Inducing toughness

R: Amealing III: Hardening

S: Normalizing IV: Softening

(A) P-III, Q-IV, R-II, S-I (B) P-II, Q-III, R-IV, S-I
(C) P-III, Q-II, R-IV, S-I (D) P-II, Q-III, R-I, S-IV

Answer: (B)

(P) Tempering is process of inducing toughness.

(Q) Quenching is done to make metal hard & main objective is to produce
martensite
(R) Annealing is done to soften the material & Quenching medium of annealing
is Furnace.
(S) Normalizing refined the grain structure & strengthened the material.
Quenching medium of annealing is air.
S K Mondal
2014
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2014