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Testing For Halide Ions
Testing For Halide Ions
This page describes and explains the tests for halide ions
(fluoride, chloride, bromide and iodide) using silver nitrate
solution followed by ammonia solution.
F- no precipitate
original
observation
precipitate
Background
Ksp = [Ag+(aq)][X-(aq)]
Note: If your syllabus says that you need to know about
solubility product calculations, you might be interested in my
chemistry calculations book where they are explained in
detail.
Look at the way the solubility products vary from silver chloride
to silver iodide. (You can't quote a solubility product value for
silver fluoride because it is too soluble. Solubility products only
work with compounds which are very, very sparingly soluble.)
Ksp
(mol2dm-6)
You can see that the compounds are all pretty insoluble, but
become even less soluble as you go from the chloride to the
bromide to the iodide.
That happens with the silver chloride, and with the silver
bromide if concentrated ammonia is used. The more
concentrated ammonia tips the equilibrium even further to the
right, lowering the silver ion concentration even more.
ion
observation
present
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answers
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