Research and Development (R&D) Issues

1. Background
a) Research and development workers are responsible for new product development and
continuous improvement over existing products. In other words, the general purpose of
research and development is to order new products successfully developed and existing
products can be significantly enhanced.
b) Successful product development requires the implementation of an effective strategy.
Commonly used strategies among them are product development, market penetration, and
diversification. Hence, workers Research and development must have an understanding of
technology, markets, people's tastes, to specifications products, in order to develop an
effective strategy.
c) Management support for research and development is often limited by limited resources.

2. Practice
a) Rapid technological developments make product cycles shorter. Therefore, companies must
be shrewd develop products and services to develop and earn a profit.
b) The survey stated that successful companies generally have good research and development
to do combine the opportunities and abilities they have, of course with reference to the goals
they want to achieve.
c) Research and development policies that are well formulated will combine market
opportunities and capabilities of in.
d) Research and development policies can assist efforts to implement strategies in terms of:
 Control on product or process improvements;
 Research on the basis or applied research;
 Be a pioneer or follower in research;
 Development of robotic or manual processes;
 The use of low, medium, or high costs for research and development;
 Use of internal research and development services or leasing from outside;
 Use research and development services from universities or private research companies.
e) In developing a business, the research and development department must also coordinate
with the department others, such as marketing, finance, and information systems. Conflicts
between these departments can be minimized if there is good communication and clear
policies and objectives.
f) Examples of applying research and development to corporate strategy:

3. Research and Development Services

1) Guidelines in choosing whether to use research services from external parties or develop
research and internal development:
 If technology development is slow, market growth is moderate, and there is a strong
barrier to new competitors, hence internal research and development is preferred.
 If technology changes fast and markets grow slowly, a massive research effort can be as
risky as it can be leads to technology that is not really needed or goods that have no
market.
 If technology changes slowly and markets grow fast, there is not enough time for internal
research development.The use of research services from external parties is recommended.
 If technology and the market are both growing fast, research and development experts
must be recruited.
2) The three main research and development approaches in implementing corporate
strategy:
 become a pioneer company selling products with the latest technology;
 being an innovative copycat of a successful product, it reduces start-up risks and costs.
 become a low-cost producer by producing the same goods in large quantities but more
 cheaper than any product already introduced.

Management Information Systems (MIS) Issues

The company's strategic management process is highly dependent on an effective management
information system. System Management information is one of the factors that can be used to
distinguish companies whose performance is the good and the less.

Advantages for companies that have a good management information system, including for:

 sales to customers;
 monitoring partners;
 providing sufficient information for managers and employees;
 coordination between departments;
 efficient financing arrangements;
 product and service quality improvement.

That must be considered: hackers and data and communication security.