WORKSHEET Name:

2 Separating substances
Core curriculum
1 You can obtain clean water from seawater, by distillation. Which does the process involve?
A dissolving, then evaporation B condensation, then evaporation
C condensation, then dissolving D evaporation, then condensation
Circle letter A, B, C or D.

2 Substance X is a gas at room temperature.

Which set of data on the right could be for X? melting point / °C boiling point / °C
Circle letter A, B, C or D. A –112 –108
B –7 58
C 0 100
D 30 2400

3 Pure hexane condenses at 69 °C and freezes

melting point / °C boiling point / °C
at – 95 °C.
Which set of data on the right could be for A 70 –93
a sample of impure hexane? B 68 –96
Circle letter A, B, C or D.
C –94 67
D –97 71

4 A mixture of barium sulfate and sodium chloride can be separated by adding

water, stirring, and filtering.
a Suggest a reason why this method can be used to separate the two chemicals.

b Draw a diagram in this box, to show how

the mixture is filtered.
Mark on your diagram where the two
chemicals are, after the separation.
c One chemical could pass through the filter
paper. The other could not. Explain why.

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5 A green compound is more soluble in hot water than cold water.

A saturated solution of the compound is left to cool from 70 °C.
a Complete the diagram to show what will be seen, when the solution has cooled to 20 °C.

dark green
cool
solution

70 8C 20 8C

b How could you show that the solution at 70 °C was saturated?

c What colour would you expect the liquid to be, at 20 °C? Give a reason.

d Name the process that occurs in the beaker, as the solution cools.

6 A mixture of two water-soluble dyes can be separated by paper chromatography.

a You have a piece of chromatography paper, a glass dropper, a beaker, a ruler, and a pencil.
Complete these diagrams to show:

i the correct place to put a ii the correct level of water iii the appearance of the
spot of the mixture on the in the beaker paper at the end of the
chromatography paper experiment

chromatography chromatography
beaker
chromatography chromatogrambeaker
beaker chromatogram chromatogram
paper paper paper

b The two dyes are different compounds, so they have different solubilities in solvents.
Use the idea of solubility to explain why they can be separated, using chromatography.

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