Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
National Capital Region
DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOLS – MANILA
Manila Education Center Arroceros Forest Park
Antonio J. Villegas St. Ermita, Manila

MATH 8

“Integrity means
congruence. Words and
behavior match.”
— Nathaniel Branden

Quarter 3 Week 3 Module 3

Learning Competency:
Illustrates Triangle Congruence. (M8GE-IIId-1)
 GRADE 8

Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics

HOW TO USE THIS MODULE

Before starting the module, I want you to set aside other tasks that will
disturb you while enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instructions
below to successfully enjoy the objectives of this kit. Have fun!
1. Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated
in every page of this module.
2. Write on your notebook the concepts about the lessons.
Writing enhances learning, that is important to develop and
keep in mind.
3. Perform all the provided activities in the module.
4. Let your facilitator/guardian assess your answers using the
answer key card.
5. Analyze conceptually the posttest and apply what you have
learned.
6. Enjoy studying!

PARTS OF THE MODULE

• Expectations - These are what you will be able to know after

completing the lessons in the module.
• Pre-test - This will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts
to be mastered throughout the lesson.
• Looking Back to your Lesson - This section will measure what
learnings and skills did you understand from the previous lesson.
• Brief Introduction- This section will give you an overview of the
lesson.
• Activities - This is a set of activities you will perform with a partner.
• Remember - This section summarizes the concepts and
applications of the lessons.
• Check your Understanding - It will verify how you learned from
the lesson.
• Post-test – This will measure how much you have
learned from the entire module.
• Reflective Learning Sheet – This aims to further expand your
learning by relating what you have learned to real life experiences.

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 GRADE 8

Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics

LESSON
3
ILLSUTRATES TRIANGLE CONGRUENCE

EXPECTATIONS

At the end of this module, you will be able to:

The learner will be able to illustrate triangle congruence.
1. discusses the idea of congruence;
2. Uses the properties of congruence in identifying congruent parts and
congruent triangles; and
3. Illustrate triangle congruence.

Let us start your journey in learning

more on Union and Intersection of
Events.
. I am sure you are read
and excited to answer the Pretest.
Smile and cheer up!!

PRE-TEST

Direction: Choose letter of the correct answer.

1. If 𝛥𝐸𝑌𝑇 ≅ 𝛥𝑆𝐼𝑋, what angle corresponds to ∠𝑌?
A. ∠𝑆 B. ∠𝐼 C. ∠𝑋 D. ∠𝑇
2. If 𝛥𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ 𝛥𝐷𝐸𝐹, which side is congruent to side DF?
A. 𝐴𝐵 B. 𝐵𝐶 C. 𝐴𝐶 D. 𝐸𝐹
3. If 𝛥𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ 𝛥𝐷𝐸𝐹, then 𝛥𝐵𝐶𝐴 ≅ _____?
A. 𝛥𝐸𝐹𝐷 B. 𝛥𝐷𝐸𝐹 C. 𝛥𝐹𝐷𝐸 D.𝛥𝐹𝐸𝐷
4. In the figure 1, by what property of congruence can we
prove that 𝐴𝐶 ≅ 𝐴𝐶?
A. Symmetric C. Reflexive
B. Transitive D. Substitution
For nos. 5-8 refer to figure 2 at the right. Figure 1
Given: ΔMON  ΔSAT

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 GRADE 8

Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics

5. What is the measure of ∠𝑇?
A. 20º C. 40º
B. 30º D. 130º
6. What is the measure of ∠𝑀?
A. 20º C. 40º
B. 30º D. 130º
7. What is the measure of𝐴𝑇?
A. 6 cm C. 10 cm Figure 2
B. 7 cm D. 12 cm
8. What is the measure of 𝑀𝑁?
C. 6 cm C. 10 cm
D. 7 cm D. 12 cm
For numbers 9 – 13, refer to figure 3 at the right.
9. If 𝛥𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ 𝛥𝐷𝐸𝐹 , 𝐴𝐶 ≅ 𝐵𝐶 and m∠𝐹 = 40,find m∠𝐶.
A. 30º C. 70º
B. 40º D. 140º
10. What is the measure of ∠𝐵.
Figure 3
A. 30º C. 70º
B. 40º D. 140º
11. If corresponding sides of congruent triangles measures
(7x – 3) cm and (6x + 11) cm. What is the value of x?
A. 14 cm C. 16 cm
B. 15 cm D. 95 cm
12. Refer to item number 11, how long are the congruent sides?
C. 14 cm C. 16 cm
D. 15 cm D. 95 cm
13. In figure 4,𝛥𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ 𝛥𝐷𝐸𝐹, find the value of x.
A. 14 C. 37
B. 20 D. 42 Figure 4

14. Listed below are the six pairs of corresponding parts of congruent
triangles. Name the congruent triangles.
SA ≅ JO , ∠D ≅ ∠Y
AD ≅ OY , ∠A ≅ ∠O
SD ≅ JY , ∠S ≅ ∠J

A. ΔASD ≅ ΔJOY C. ΔADS ≅ ΔYJO

B. ΔSAD ≅ ΔJOY D. ΔSAD ≅ ΔJYO

15. In ΔDOS, what side is included between ∠D and ∠O?

A. DO C. DS
B. SD D. SO

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 GRADE 8

Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics

LOOKING BACK TO YOUR LESSON

In geometry, a triangle is a closed, two-dimensional shape with three
straight sides. A triangle is also a polygon.
Properties of a Triangle
• A triangle has three sides, three vertices, and
three angles.
Three Sides Three Vertices Three Angles
QP, PR, QR . P, .Q , .R ∠𝑄, ∠𝑃, ∠𝑅
• The sum of the three interior angles of a triangle
is always 180°.
• A triangle with vertices P, Q, and R is denoted as
△PQR.

Show Me What You Got!

Name the different parts of a ∆CHI

PARTS OF A TRIANGLE
Sides
Vertices
Angles

Example:
Find the value of x in the following
triangle.

Solution:
TRY ME:
x + 24° + 32° = 180° (sum of angles
✓ Two interior angles of a triangle is 180°)
measure 50° and 70°. What is the x + 56° = 180°
third interior angle of the triangle? x = 180° – 56°
✓ Triangle DOG is a right triangle with x = 124°
m∠O=41° and m∠G=90°, Solve for the
third missing angle.

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 GRADE 8

Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics

MATCH ME: Find pairs of congruent figures. Use the number from one
figure and the letter from the other.

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 GRADE 8

Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics

BRIEF INTRODUCTION

The wonders of Geometry are present everywhere, In nature and in

structures. Designs and patters having the same size and same shape play
important roles especially on the stability of buildings and bridges.

1. What ensures the stability of any structures?

2. Have you ever wondered how bridges and buildings are designed?
3. What factors are being considered in the construction of buildings and
bridges?

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 GRADE 8

Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics

Congruent figures are figures that have the same size and the same
shape; they are the exact duplicates of each other. Such figures can be
moved on top of one another so that their corresponding parts line up
exactly.

Geometry in Motion

3 Fundamental Types of Motion

1. Translation: In a 2. Reflection: In a 3. Rotation: In a rotation,

translation, you slide a reflection, you flip a you turn the figure
figure from one figure over a line. The around a fixed point.
position to another new figure is a mirror
without turning it. image.

USES THE PROPERTIES OF CONGRUENCE IN

IDENTIFYING CONGRUENT PARTS AND CONGRUENT TRIANGLES

The properties of congruence that are true for segments and angles are also
true for triangles.

Property Definition Examples:

• Reflexive The meaning of the reflexive AB ≅ AB (Segment AB is

Property of property of congruence is that a congruent or equal to
Congruence segment, an angle, a triangle, or segment AB) ∠A ≅ ∠A
any other shape is always (Angle A is congruent or
congruent or equal to itself. equal to angle A)

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 GRADE 8

Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics

The meaning of the symmetric

• Symmetric property of congruence is that if a
property of figure (call it figure A) is
If AB ≅ CD, then CD ≅ AB
congruence congruent or equal to another
If ∠A ≅ ∠B, then ∠B ≅ ∠A
figure (call it figure B), then
figure B is also congruent or
equal to figure A.

The meaning of the transitive

property of congruence is that if a
Examples
• Transitive figure (call it figure A) is
If AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF,
property of congruent or equal to another
then AB ≅ EF
congruence figure (call it figure B) and figure
If ∠A ≅ ∠B and ∠B ≅ ∠C,
B is also congruent to another
then ∠A ≅ ∠C
figure (call it C) , then figure A is
also congruent or equal to figure
C.

Illustrates Triangle Congruence

ΔABC ≅ ΔHJK Read as "triangle ABC is

congruent to triangle HJK."
≅ symbol for congruency
Δ symbol for triangle
Name your triangles as ΔABC and Δ HJK
as shown in the figure.
1. Describe the two figures you have.
2. What can you say about the size and
shape of the two figures?
Two triangles are congruent if their vertices can be paired so that
corresponding sides are congruent and corresponding angles are congruent.
Remember:
Valid Congruence
statements for congruent
triangles list corresponding
vertices in the same order.

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 GRADE 8

ACTIVITIES Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics

ACTIVITY 1: Name the properties of congruence that justify the statements

below.

A. If XY ≅ ZW,
then ZW ≅ XY

B. ∠RTS ≅ ∠RTS

C. If GF ≅ ST and ST ≅ WU,
then GF ≅ WU

ACTIVITY 2: Complete each statement using the given property.

1. Reflexive property of
∠UGD ≅?
congruence
2. Symmetric property of
If SE ≅ PO, then ? ≅ ?
congruence
3. Transitive property of
If ∠S ≅ ∠T and ∠ ? ≅ ∠U, then ∠? ≅∠?
congruence

ACTIVITY 3: Show that the triangles are congruent by identifying all the
corresponding congruent parts. Then write a congruence statement. Use the
space provided.

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 GRADE 8

Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics

You may explore more to check your
understanding!

REMEMBER

Two Triangles are congruent if their vertices can be paired so that

corresponding sides and corresponding angles are congruent.
Two triangles are congruent if they have:

• exactly the same three sides and

• exactly the same three angles.

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 GRADE 8
CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING
Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics

A. Given that ABE ≅ DCF. Complete the congruence statements and find
the missing measure.
F 1. ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐸 ≅ ___
E 2. 𝐷𝐹 = ___ units
15 3. ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 ≅ ___
̅̅̅̅
4. 𝐹𝐶 = ___ units
9
A B C D 5. ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐸 ≅ ___
0 7
112

B.

C. Complete the Congruence Statement

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 GRADE 8

Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics

D. Challenge Yourself!
Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1.
4.

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 GRADE 8

Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics

2.
5.

3.

E.

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 GRADE 8

Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics

POSTTEST

Direction: Choose letter of the correct answer.

1.

a. b. c. d.

2. If CDE is congruent to PQR, then is congruent to

a. b. c. d.

3. Which triangle is NOT congruent to the other three?

a. A b. B
c. C d. D

4. Which triangle is not congruent to the other three?

Note: (Assuming that the triangles are otherwise of equal size)

a. A b. B
c. C d. D

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 GRADE 8

Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics

5. The two triangles are congruent.

What is the length of TU? (Not drawn to scale).

a. 1 ½ inches b. 3 inches
b. 4 inches d. 4 ½ inches

6. The two triangles are congruent. What is the perimeter of triangle XYZ? (Not drawn
to scale)

a. 13.1 cm
b. 15.1 cm
c. 17.1 cm
d. Not enough information is
given to answer the question.

7. Which one of the following statements is not sufficient to determine whether or not
two triangles P and Q are congruent?
a. P and Q have exactly the same sides and Q is a translation of P.
b. P and Q have exactly the same sides and Q is a reflection of P.
c. P and Q have exactly the same sides and Q is a rotation of P.
d. P and Q have exactly the same angles.
8. How many triangles congruent to triangle ABE (including itself) are there in the following
diagram?

a. 7 b. 8
b. c. 10 d. 16

9. The two triangles are congruent.

Which angle in triangle DEF corresponds to ∠ABC in triangle ABC?

a.∠DEF b.∠FDE c.∠EDF d.∠EFD

10. Name the angle included by the sides and N M

a. b. c. d. none of these

11. The two triangles are congruent as suggested by their appearance.

Find the value of c.38°The diagrams
P
are
d° not
a. 4 b. 5 c. 3 d. 38 to scale. g 5
b 4

f° e° 52°
3 c

12.

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 GRADE 8

Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics

For 13-15 Use the figure below

QP is parallel and equal in length to RS.

13. Which angle in triangle POQ corresponds to angle OSR in triangle SOR?

A. ∠POQ B. ∠OQP C. ∠OPQ D. ∠QPO

14. . Which side in triangle POQ corresponds to OR in triangle SOR?

A. OP B. OQ C.PQ D.QO
15. . Which side in triangle SOR corresponds to OS in triangle POQ?

A. PQ B. OQ C.OP D.PO

REFLECTIVE LEARNING SHEET

Congruences is not limited on figures only. We can apply it on our daily lives. Write a
reflection on the statements written below.

“Congruence between what you say and what you do is the key to authentic
happiness.”
- Paul TP Wong

______________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

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 GRADE 8

Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics

PISA-Based Worksheet

In Mathematics Fair, one

of the activities is a
symposium in which the
delegates will report on an
inquiry about an important
concept in Mathematics.
Suppose you are one of
the delegates and you are
asked to make a report on;
How the concept of triangle
congruence is applied in real
life. Each delegate will be
given a piece paper cut in
different shape and ask to
look for the same shape.

Let’s Analyze

A. Find a pair of congruent figures. Write only the letter.

1. Figure no. 1 is congruent to __________________.
a. E b. O c. I d. T
2. Figure no. 2 is congruent to __________________.
a. G b. E c. I d. T
3. Figure no. 6 is congruent to __________________.
a. P b. E c. O d. I
4. Figure no. 7 is congruent to __________________.
a. T b. E c. G d. I
5. Figure no. 8 is congruent to __________________.
a. G b. E c. I d. T

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 GRADE 8

Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics

References

Books
Oronce and Mendoza (2014) E-Math, REX Bookstore, Quezon City Philippines
Images:
https://www.clipartkey.com/mpngs/m/191-1918119_ninja-clipart-kid-ninja-girl-
cartoon-ninja-character.png
https://cdn2.vectorstock.com/i/1000x1000/32/86/ninja-stars-ninja-and-weapon-
cartoon-vector-2623286.jpg

Websites
https://www.mathopenref.com/congruent.html
https://www.basic-mathematics.com/properties-of-congruence.html
https://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/congruent.html
https://www.storyboardthat.com/storyboards/tamaragreen97138/congruent-
triangles-cap-activity

Acknowledgement

Writer: Marivic S. Luna – TI

Rachel Anne Sawit - TI

Editors: Zacarias B. Rosales – Head Teacher VI

Luningning Tayamora – Head Teacher VI
Maita G. Camilon – Head Teacher VI

Validators: Remylinda T. Soriano – EPS, Math

Angelita Z. Modesto – PSDS
George B. Borromeo – PSDS

Management Team: Maria Magdalena M. Lim – Schools Division

Superintendent-Manila, Aida H. Rondilla – Chief Education Supervisor
Lucky S. Carpio – EPS and Lady Hannah C. Gillo, Librarian II - LRMS

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