Running Head: Impacts of Violence on Children

Impacts of Violence on Children

 Outline
 Introduction
 Psychological Impact
 Social Impact
 Factors involved
 To-do List
 Cycle-of-violence
o The build-up phase
o The stand over phase
o Explosion
o The remorse phase
o The pursuit phase
o The honeymoon phase
 COV’s Impact
o Isolation
o Feeling responsible for the abuse
o Substance abuse and other delinquent behaviors

 References

Introduction
One strong point is that "violence engenders violence" – children who suffer violence are more
likely to be snared into a pattern of violence that leads to subsequent violent behaviour. This
applies to all forms of childhood vulnerability to abuse.
In multiple environments, including at home, workplace, online or in neighborhoods, children
are subject to violence in other ways like pair harassment or bullying, child abuse, group crime,
and domestic violence. Exposure to violence damage the mental, psychological and even
physical growth of an infant. In school, children with bullying, misuse of drugs or alcohol,
aggression, depression and other mental health issues, and illegal activity as adults, are more
likely[ CITATION Pie19 \l 1033 ] . Research has also shown that disturbing violence is related to
positive child outcomes and efforts to improve ties between parents and children can reduce
negative outcomes and improve the development of a child. Research on children vulnerable to
abuse guides the implementation of violence prevention or reduction strategies, activities and
policy on children and youth.
Psychological Impact
The 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5) classifies children with any
form of abuse in schools as a trauma- and stressor-related early childhood syndrome exacerbated
by social deprivation and mistreatment. Childhood abuse was linked to work memory and
executive control difficulties when severely neglected underdevelopment of the left cerebral
hemisphere and hippocampus. Children tend to partake in high-risk sexual behaviour, drug
misuse, participation in the justice system, and imprisonment than their neurotypical peers.
Children may react with hostility, anxiety, rejection or anger to inter-connections; they develop
negative self-esteem, and suffer somatic distress symptoms. Hyperactivity and stereotypic
gestures, such as palpating or rocking, are typical psychomotor ruin. An increased risk of
anxiety, depression, hyperactivity and anger resistance is confirmed. The negative impact that
detrimental childhood events (ACEs) during childhood or puberty have on wellbeing during
adulthood, such as child abuse or exposure to domestic violence[ CITATION Gov01 \l 1033 ].
Psychiatric conditions, such as anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depression are
usually observed in adolescents subjected to violence in the neighborhood. Often kids have more
than one symptom or illness. In a nationwide youth awareness poll, for instance, about half of
boys living with PTSD had a history of comorbid depression and about a third had a comorbidity
condition. About two thirds of the girls diagnosed with PTSD have had a comorbid depressive
diagnosis and one-quarter had a comorbid drug use disorder.
Social Impact
Affected kids have trouble developing their interpersonal ties to others, have little capacity to
feel pleasant emotions, cannot desire or tolerate physical or emotional closeness, and can
respond physically when held, cuddled or comforted. The children affected are behaviorally
unstable, hard to console and impossible to control. You have a deep ability to monitor the life
and make your own choices. Changes in the routine, efforts to monitor or unwanted comfort calls
may trigger frustration, aggression or self-injury. These difficulties in the classroom hamper the
development of key learning skills and contribute to instructor and peer dismissal.
Repetitive sensitivity to group violence may lead in young children to issues that shape
meaningful and confident interactions that children need to navigate their world and build a safe
feeling about themselves[ CITATION EMC17 \l 1033 ]. Problems in developing these bonds will
impair the formation of a fundamental sense of confidence and jeopardize subsequent
partnerships long into adulthood. The impact of these interactions on the developing brain of the
infant is of special significance. Further, as the brain evolves sequentially, disturbances in early
life will cause an ever harder physiological growth sequence. Neurobiological adjustments that
enable the infant to live in aggressive environments, even though they are no longer resilient,
could potentially lead to aggression and mental health issues for children "incubated in fear."
Factors involved
Children with the following behaviour changes and exposed to violence should be carefully
evaluated:

 Severe Impulsiveness
 Extreme anger
 Easily get frustrated
 Often blow ups and temper loss
 Severe Irritability

Teacher and parents must be vigilant not to ignore such behaviors in children.
To-do List
Whenever a parent or other adult is involved, a licensed mental health specialist can promptly
schedule a thorough assessment. Professional early treatment can often help. The aims of the
therapy are usually to help the children: learn how to suppress their aggression; communicate
their anger and indignation in an adequate manner; be accountable for their behaviour and
understand repercussions. Furthermore, family disputes, education problems and neighborhood
problems must be resolved.

Research has demonstrated that a lot of aggressive behaviour, whether the above risk factors are
substantially diminished or avoided, may be reduced or avoided. Over all, initiatives should be
aimed at reducing children and teenagers' exposure to abuse in the family, the environment and
in the media significantly. Violence clearly contributes to violence.

The following strategies must be employed to prevent or lessen violence:

 Sex education and parenting programs for adolescents.

 Avoid child abusing (programs like family support, parents training)
 Monitoring children activity of violence in their screen time such as smartphones,
videos, TV, movies, internet, and tablet.
 Initial intervention and identification programs for youngsters.

Cycle-of-violence

The cycle of philosophy of violence illustrates how and why a person who practices domestic
and family violence will alter their behaviour significantly over time. The idea of the 'cycle of
abuse' further shows that those afflicted by domestic violence and family violence still
experience abusive situations. Lenore Walker established the hypothesis that domestic abuse
happens through a loop in 1979 from an analysis carried out in the United States [ CITATION Wid17
\l 1033 ]. The loop takes many steps. However, it is recognized that it is not the same for
everyone and some individuals may only observe some phases of the cycle (or not relate to it at
all).

THE BUILD-UP PHASE: This process may continue with normal relationships between
individuals, but this includes increasing stress characterized by escalated verbal, emotional or
financial violence. Those problems would usually be overcome by individuals in non-violent
relationships.

THE STAND OVER PHASE: This step can be particularly scary for people who suffer from
domestic and family abuse. The behaviour of the individual who uses aggression in relationships
increases to such an extent that conflict is unavoidable. The injured person may feel like they are
going on egg shells' and worry that something they do will further damage the situation.

EXPLOSION: The stage of explosion marks the peak of aggression. The one who uses
aggression to dominate and control people is at the height of the brutality. The individual who
perpetrates domestic and family abuse has tension during a time of outburst that can become
addictive. They will not otherwise be able to cope with their frustration[ CITATION Kev16 \l 1033 ].
THE REMORSE PHASE: At the time of repentance, the individual who uses domestic and
family abuse is ashamed of his conduct. They retire and retire from the partnership. They attempt
to explain their acts to themselves and to others, until they know that they are in fact addicted to
their escape.
THE PURSUIT PHASE: At this time, a person who uses domestic and family violence in
relationships will never again be abusive. During this time, they might attempt to balance their
previous behaviour and claim that other causes have led them to be aggressive, such as tension at
work, drugs or alcohol. The violent criminal may buy presents to pay attention to the individual
concerned. The violent criminal will also undergo a drastic shift of personality. The person
involved will feel wounded, but perhaps glad that the abuse is over.
THE HONEYMOON PHASE: During the honeymoon period of the violence cycle, all parties
in the relationship may deny the harassment and violence. Both participants do not want the
friendship to die, so they are glad to ignore the risk of violence happening again. After a while,
this stage will disappear and the loop will start again.
COV’s Impact
Children vulnerable to the cycle of violence urgently deserve to feel comfortable with their
battered parent and caregiver. The vast majority of domestic violence police emergencies have
children—especially very young children. Many parents minimize or ignore children when
mothers are attacked. However, interviews with battered women's children have shown that
(kids) have observed, learned and can describe detailed descriptions of the abusive acts their
mothers or fathers have never seen before. Girls who live in households where domestic violence
occurs are often at risk of sexual assault [ CITATION Rie19 \l 1033 ] . Parental abduction is one of the
worst examples of the perpetrators' inability to leave (more than 50 percent of child abductions
result from domestic violence).

Isolation: Children from abusive families may also have issues with their peers. They can be
more hostile to employ any of the same power techniques used by the abuser and thus get
alienated from their mates. A feeling of desire and guilt to shield chaos from those at home
probably affects your ability to publicly share your feelings. You can like you have to wear a
mask to be happy and natural in the public eye.

Feeling responsible for the abuse: A child subject to domestic abuse will think: "When I was a
good kid, papa wouldn't hit mommy." This is particularly true if parents struggle for disciplinary
methods of the boy.

Substance abuse and other delinquent behaviors: Children subject to household violence also
have trouble with school and social adaptation, higher rates of crime and assault, an attachment
disorder, drug abuse issues and higher rates of suicide attempts. Many young men are arrested or
wounded in order to shield their parent from the parent/career being abused. Children, mostly
young people, will even run away, try suicide and/or alcohol addiction.
References
Cummings, E., Merrilees, C., & Taylor, L. (2017). CummDevelopmental and social–ecological
perspectives on children, political violence, and armed conflict. Development and
psychopathology, 1-10.
Ferrara, P., Franceschini, G., Villani, A., & Corsello, G. (2019). Physical, psychological and
social impact of school violence on children. Italian Journal of Pediatrics, 45.
Govender, & Killian. (2001). The psychological effects of chronic violence on children. South
African Journal of Psychology, 1-11.
Riedl, Beck, Exenberger, Daniels, Dejaco, Unterberger, & Lampe. (2019). Violence from
childhood to adulthood: The influence of child victimization and domestic violence on
physical health in later life. Journal of psychosomatic, 68-74.
Widom. (2017). Long‐term impact of childhood abuse and neglect on crime and violence.
Clinical psychology: science and practice, 186-202.
Wright, K., Turanovic, J., & O’Neal, E. (2016). The Cycle of Violence Revisited: Childhood
Victimization, Resilience, and Future Violence. Journal of Interperonal Violence.