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4B have to, must, should have to/ must (+ infinitive) 1. You have to wear a seatbelt ina car. (2/42) Do youhave to work on Saturdays? Thad co wear a uniform at my primary school. Pilhave to get up early tomorrow. My interview is at 9.00. 2 You must he on time tomoreov because there's s test. You must remember to phone Emily ~it's her biethday: 3. Hove the Louvre! You have to go when you're in Paris You must see this film ~i’samazing! + have to and must are normally used to talk about obligation or something that itis necessary to do, 1 have to isa normal verb and itexistsin all tenses and forms, eg-alyoasa gerund or infinitive 2 must isa modal verb, It only exists inthe present, butt can be ‘used with a future meaning, 3. Youcan also.use have to or must for strong recommendations. PD have toor must? Have to and must have a very similar meaning, and you can usually use either form. Have to is more common for general, external obligations, for example rules and laws. ‘Must is more common for specific (ie. on one occasion) or personel obligations. Compare: Ihave to wear a shirt and tie at work. (= It's the rule in this company) less beracowele ite ‘one is too old now. [= It'smy have got to Have got tois often used instead of have toor mustin spoken English, eg, ve got to go now. It's very ate. a Complete with ehe correct form of have 10 (BEL or (2). 'sengaged. [have to call back aver because the GRAMMAR BANK don't have to 243) You don’t have to pay—this muscumis free. Youdon't have to go to the party ifyou don’ waneo. mustn't You mustn't park here. (@40)) ‘You musen' cat that cake -it's forthe party + Weusedon't have to when there isno obligation to do something, and mustn't when something is prohibited. + don't have to and musin’t are completely different. Compare: rave to drive - we cam get a train. (= Youcan driveif burir’snot necessary / obligatory.) You musta’ drive along this stret. (= I's prohibited, against the law, NOT You don rhave to drive along thisstreet) + You can often use can't or not allowed to instead of must. You mustn’t can’t) ‘re not allowed to park here. should / shouldn't (+ infinitive) You should take warm clothes with you to Dublin. emight be cold ac night. You shouldn't drink so much coffee. It isn’t good for you. {think the government should do something about tunemployment. (24s) + should isnocas strongas must | have to, Weuse ito give advice ‘oran opinion ~to say if we think something isthe right or wrong thing to do, *+ should is modal verb. The only forms are should shouldn't. + You can use ought 10 ought not to instead of should shoul You ought to take warm clothes with you to Dublin. You ought not to drink so much coffe. b Gili correct form, Tick ¥ ifhoth are possible. 1 Passengers switch off eheie laptops during take-off You don't have to \Giusin’buse your phone in 2 you____doalot of homework when you were at quiet zones. school? 2 1 Doyyou think we should / ought to text Dad My sister isa nurse, so some weeks she work nights, covell him well be late? Youddon's have to | mustnt send text ____youever havean operation? [2] 5 Saturdays are the best day ofthe week. Hove _ getup messages when youare driving. eadly: El 3 t has to | must wear a uniform when 6 T___leavea message on her voicemail because she wasn'tin, he'son work Inthe future, people home. E} 8 With old mobile phones, you used to more often. [3] 9 your boyfriend weekends? [2] 10 ‘The exhibition was free, sol pay ‘got school: they'll all study at charge the battery answer his work emailsat 4 You shouldn't | musta’ talk on your mobile when you'e filling up with petrol. 5 Ihave to | must speak to my phone company. My last bill was wrong. 6 Wedon't have to / musin’t hurry. Wehave plenty of'time,

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