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Introduction Social Research
Introduction Social Research
Introduction Social Research
Presented by
TEHSEEN FATIMA
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Questions
• Introduction
• What is research
• Social science research or social work research?
• Propose of SR
• What we can do with research
• Recent Trends in Social Science Research
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Four Methods
( Knowledge Gathering)
• Research is intended to bring knowledge
Phase-2
Phase -4
Evaluation Reserach Determining
Solution
Phase-3
Implementation
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Research
• Composed of two words re and search
• Again, or over again/closely, carefully, to test or
to probe
• A noun describing a careful and systematic
study in some field of knowledge undertaken to
establish facts or principles
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generally applicable
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Research( Defined as )
• “Research is an Endeavour to discover, develop and
verify knowledge –Rumnell
Objectives of Research
• To discover new facts
• Verify and test old facts
• To understand human behavior
• To know connection between human activities
and natural laws
• To develop new scientific tools concepts and
theories –Extend the area of knowledge
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Limitation of SS research
• Scientist :
• Complexity of the subject matter
• Human problems /refusal of respondents
• Personal values
• Anthropomorphization
• Wrong decisions
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Can be viewed as
oriented,
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world.”
Steps
• Theodorson & Theodorson(1969)
• defining Problem
• stating the Problem
• Devise hypothesis
• Data collecting procedure
• Gathering data
• Analyzing data
• conclusions
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Testing
Curiosity
Hypothesis
Practical
prediction
application
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Research Process
1. Selection of Problem
2. Review of Literature
3. Formulating Hypothesis/Objectives
4. Preparing a Research Design
5. Data Collection
6. Analysis of Data
7. Conclusions/Suggestions
8. Research Report
Assignment Supply Format for Proposal and Start work on that)
TYPES OF RESEARCH
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Pure &Applied
• It is also known as basic or fundamental
research
• It is initiated out of intellectual curiosity or
inquisitiveness
• Initiated for the sake of knowledge without any
intention to apply it in practice( Einstein theory
of relativity, Newton's law)
• It will lead to discovery of other areas like new
theory or refinement of the existing theory
• It lays foundation for applied research
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Applied Research
• It is problem oriented and action oriented
research initiated to find out solution to areal
life problem requiring an action or policy
decision
• It always focusing for an immediate and
practical results
• Applied research have a vast scope in the fields
of technology, management, commerce
,economics, and other social sciences
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Exploratory research
• Exploratory study is a preliminary study of an
unfamiliar problem about which the researcher
has little or no knowledge
• It is ill structured and much less focused on
predetermined objectives
• To generate ideas, to increase the familiarity of
researcher about the problem
• To make a precise formulation of the problem
etc(more note )
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Descriptive research
• It is the simplest form of research. it is a fact
finding investigation with adequate
interpretations
• t is more specific than exploratory research
• It is designed to gather descriptive information
information and provides information for
formulating more sophisticated study
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criteria
• The problem must be descriptive
• The data should be assessable to an accurate
objective
• It should be possible to develop valid studies of
comparison
• It should lead itself to verifiable procedure of
collection and analysis of data
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objective
• Identifying the various characteristics of a
community institutions or problem under study.
but it does not deal with testing of hypothesis
,but it can reveal the relationship b/w variables
• Usefulness
• Development of young sciences
• Highlighting of methodological aspects of data
collection &interpretation
• Prediction
• Providing facts
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Diagnostic study
• It is more or less same to the descriptive study
but with a different focus.
• It intends to discover what is happening ,why it
is happening ,what can be done about it
• It aims at identifying the problem and the
posssible solution for it
• Requirement
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Evaluation study
• It is one type of applied research .made for
assessing the effectiveness of social economic
programmmes implemented or for assessing the
impact of development project on the
development of the project area such as
determination of the results attained by some
activity designed o accomplish some values or
goals or objective
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Action Research
• It is type of evaluative study.
• It is concurrent evaluation study of an action
programmme launched for solving a problem
for improving an existing situation
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Experimental research
• It is designed to asses the effects of particular
variables on a phenomena by keeping the other
variable constant or controlled.
• It aims at determining whether and in what
manner variables are related to each other.
• The factor which is influenced by other factors
is called dependant variables.
• And other factors which influence it are known
as independent variables
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Historical Research