6 

  

Vu 48 2


ก
Avf = = = 10.1 .
φ fy µ 0.85(4.0)1.4
Possible crack

Ash
θ
Avf + An

15o
Nuc Nuc
Main longitudinal
reinforcement
Vu Vu

(ก)  กกก ( )  

 ก !"#
$% &
'% # Ash $% ก&
'% #

 6.38 #
 
'% # #()ก**+*
ก

#
3. $  + ก   $    An $%   ,

& ก 
!
-  #    $%
. /  0 ( ) - 

1.ก *
Vu  Nuc "
'กก* 0 2(## 
() Nuc 3* (## 


ก
An =
N uc
=
0.3(48)
= 4.24 .2
φ fy 0.85(4.0)

# Nuc &2ก() 0.3

Vu !
&2ก4.5#-กก
1-กก.#. !
&
!
Nuc
"
 0&2ก  ก, ก ก**

Nuc 0
3ก 0.2Vu 
2+ φ ก* 0.85 3*

'% #&2ก$+3*ก
3#+ 

*# 0.90 3*
!
ก#&2กก3# ,  ACI
3*2)
(#&#ก+1
ก#ก*
!
Nuc ACI ก3# (() φ = 0.85
4. ก"
 $% * *%"
# (2. 6.38ก) ก*
2
As = Avf + An = 10.1 + 4.24 = 14.3 .

() 5DB20 (As = 15.7 .2) ก 


(#2. 6.39 
34 15° ก*## # )%  ก*ก'ก ##!

 ก.* 0.(#
#$% .7

ก#กก
5. ก
* ## #2. 6.38 &  
ก !"#(กก**+4!
ก*
'% #
#ก"#4 ก#"#0
!
Nuc % 0 ก (### #ก
!
ก (#ก*
'% #
 #ก
ก4

'% #ก&ก3#** .5#
'% #กก3
*
!
(#
กก 
#"#

ก
ก. ก*
'% # #(## 
Ash (2. 6.38 )
%
As f y
Ash = =
14.3(4.0)
= 10.2 .2
µ fy 1.4(4.0)

()ก. ก 4DB20 (Ash = 4(3.14) =12.56 .2)

6. กก$, $%
. /$% .7

ก#กก(##* 

ก 25%


.8ก4 
* กก4$#"&2ก*
9 ก#(.5# Ach (### #  Acv (## 

#"#

6-31

 6 
   

Vu 48
Acb = Acv = = = 1.5 2
8 f y 8(4.0)

() 2DB12  2DB10 .5#ก. ก 

# #-4 
ก ก**.5#
 2. 6.39
4DB20
U stirrup @10cm

2DB12

70 cm
2DB10
ก
 
ก
U stirrup
15o
Nuc

60 cm
3DB20
Vu
2DB20

 6.39 -ก ก** 

 6.7

6.13  

2)
.5#4 
*%# กก-
#()$% 
*
# 3 
2. 6.40 .5#ก0
ก**2)
.5#
#%#, ()  ก3# 3*
#0.กก*ก'% # 
0 ก% a/d # ก#!

():;<

#!กกก:;<ก  **
 # กก#"#2)

ก
ก
#!ก0.


3#+

ก3
# 
"
#"#%
ก
##3 "
ก ก%   ##%
ก

%* ก ก
.#.

4+/2!
3(
(### # !"# (Nuc (#2. 6.40)
Vu
a
As = ρbd
Nuc

h
d Ah

 6.40 2)

% )
%#
, .กกก3*2)
(# .ก * ก9 #$ -#
ก

2)

2.
 6.41ก % $+=
,

# 4 ก 

.5# 
2. 6.41 !
(#ก+ 
ก-*
.5#
#.% -# ก
!ก# ก#0.   
ก:ก 3#
(#2. 6.41
% -# ก
!ก
$
$   ก* 0. (2. 6.41
) !
# 2
 - 
3#*
 &
 #*
 &ก !"#0 2)

&3

กก  &0ก  #*
 ก*
ก !"##
% ก  

6-32

 6 
   

V V

N N

Potential
failure
surface
(ก) ()

V V

N N

Too shallow Deep enough

an outer face crack into column

() ()

 6.41 2.**ก*
2)

% .7#2)
&2ก .5##%"   ก*
*
" 
'% # Vu (## 

!
Nuc (##* ก0ก(#ก*

()#

 #*
 
(#2. 6.42 .+ก An 
ก$% ##

! Nuc
%
N uc
An = (6.43)
φ fy

av Vu

Nuc
T = φ Asc fy

Shear
jd plane
h
d

Compression
strut

 6.42 ก0กก*

-# #
 (#.7#2)

6-33

 6 
   


ก$%"#ก ก#
% Af $% ##,#1 Mu = Vu av + Nuc(h – d) ก*

Vu av + N uc (h − d )
Af = (6.44)
φ f y jd

 Nuc (#ก ก**0

# ก 0.20Vu  #,#1 jd ()
, .+ก* 0.85d
 ก#
% .+ก$% ##
'% # #
%
Vu
Avf = (6.40)
φ fy µ

.+ก Asc
กก*

!
3#+0 , % ก
กก

2
Asc ≥ Avf + An (6.45)
3

% Asc ≥ Af + An (6.46)

Asc f′
% ρ = ≥ 0.04 c
bd fy

กก Ah : # กกก Asc (#2. 6.43 

3.5#
ก. ก(### #$ -##* ก$%
.7
ก#ก*ก
!

ก. ก#"
$%"#0# ก
Ah ≥ 0.5( Asc − An ) (6.47)

Vu av
bearing plate
Asc
Nuc

Min. anchor bar

d/2 2
d
3
h d

Ah

Framing bar to secure

stirrup or ties

 6.43 # กก(#.7#2)

 6.8 
ก**2)
!
%# กกก
35 . 
*#"3#ก

 14 # #"3#ก 23 # 4
(ก 4 
*

#ก  

3(&  
ก (### # )



.
#-
ก* 2.5 . () fc′ = 350 ก.ก./.2 fy = 4,000 ก.ก./.2

6-34

 6 
   


1. 
'% #. : Vn = 1.4 VD + 1.7VL = 1.4 (14) + 1.7(23) = 58.7 #

2. .+ #
2)
)
ก'% # a  !"#ก*


ก 
ก(#ก*
4 
*
ACI ก3# ก3
*
ก .5# 0.85 f c′ A1 () φ = 0.70

Vn = φ ( 0.85 f c′) A1 = φ ( 0.85 f c′) b L

58.7 × 1, 000

-#*
ก L= = 8.05 .
0.70 × 0.85 × 350 × 35

 !ก#
$
ก% 10 &!. ก ()



.
#ก*-
 2.5  $% .7
ก#0(

#ก#)#
#ก "#ก#0. 2.5 . 
#"#)
ก'% #ก*
1
a = 5.0 + (
ก
-#*
ก ) = 5.0 + 5.0 = 10 .
2

3. $+
!ก
2)
กก3
ก4 Vn กก (6.42)

max Vn ≤ 0.2 f c′ bw d ≤ 56.3 bw d

2
#%
ก 0.2 f c′ = 70 ก.ก./. max vn = 56.3 ก.ก./.2
Vu 58.7 × 1, 000
min d = = = 35 .
φ b(max vn ) 0.85 × 35 × 56.3

&
!ก"
 h = 40 . d ≈ 36 . (4 4 .)
a 10
= = 0.28 < 1.0
d 36

4. $+ก*

'% # # Avf
Vn 58.7 2
Avf = = = 12.3 .
φ fy µ 0.85 ( 4.0 )1.4

() µ = 1.4 3*
#ก .5##%"  ก#

5. $+ก*
!
ก As ก
3#+ Af 
ก3*ก
Mu = Vua + Nuc(h - d) = Vua = 58.7(10)/100 = 5.87 #-

Mu 5.87 (100, 000 ) 2


ก
Rn = = = 15.22 ก.ก./.
φ bd 2 0.85 ( 35 )( 36 )
2

φ = 0.85  ACI ก* 3: 0 


ก
ρ = 0.0039

f c′  0.35 
min ρ = 0.04 = 0.04   = 0.0035
fy  4.0 
2


ก
Af = 0.0039(35)(36) = 4.9 .

กก As 
ก.5#
ก4
ก (6.45)  (6.46) 
#"

6-35

 6 
   

2 2 2
As = Avf + An (=2#1(# 
#)" = (12.3) = 8.2 .
3 3
2
% As = Af + An = 4.9 .  3DB20 (As = 9.42 &!2)
6. ก**ก. ก.@
2


ก
Ah = 0.5(As - An) = 0.5(9.42) = 4.71 .

(#ก ก**#"
# 
a/d = 0.28 3( Af 0-ก*ก ก**() 3DB10 . ก.@ [Ah = 2(3)(0.79) =
4.7 2] !
"


2(#)

(#

!ก.A-

7. ก** "#4 ก2. 6.44
!ก"

 -

%
h = 36 + 2.5 (4) + 0.8 (=ก#) = 39.3 .  40 &!.

  DB20 a = 10 cm

กก 10 cm  = 35 – 5 – 0.8
= 29.2  .

3DB20 (ก
 7)
20 cm

40 cm

ก DB10 @ 7.5  .

18 cm

 6.44 ก ก**2)

(# 
 6.8

 6.9 
ก**2)
*#"3#ก

 7 # 11 #3 *
.<ก(## 
 2
ก-
 # 35  ก* 25 . 
(##* 4.5 #ก

%*ก  () fc′ = 350 ก.ก./.2 fy = 4,000
ก.ก./.2

1. 'ก
() Vu = 1.4(7) + 1.7(11) = 28.5 #
Nuc = 1.7(4.5) = 7.65 #
ACI ก3# 0 Nuc &2ก
 .5##"3#กก % ก ก

%*, ก % 4+/2 .#
Nuc 7.65
= = 0.268 > 0.20 min OK
Vu 28.5

6-36

 6 
   

2. !)*ก+,
-
max Vn = 0.2 f c′bw d ≤ 56.3 bw d
2
#%
ก 0.2 f c′ = 70 ก.ก./. กก 56.3 กก./.2 →  56.3 ก.ก./&!.2
Vu 28.5 (1000 )
min d = = = 17 .
φ bw ( 56.3) 0.85 ( 35 )( 56.3)

#%
ก
# *
ก  
ก d (Cก (.5#0.0 ก$#"3#ก*#2)

ก- 25 .)
3. !)*ก+
$ก
%%
Mu = Vu a + Nuc(h - d)

= 28.5(25) + 7.65(5) = 751 #-.

.+ (h - d) 0 5 .

f c′  0.35 
() ก# 4 min ρ = 0.04 = 0.04   = 0.0035
fy  4.0 
2
!
0 
# 4 Rn = 13.67 ก.ก./.

Mu 751(1000)


กก4
d= = = 43 .
φ Rn b 0.85(13.67)(35)
2
3* กก4 !
ก* 0.75ρb
ก4 Rn = 88.36 ก.ก./. ,

751 (1000)


ก# 4 d= = 17 .
0.85(88.36)(35)

4. )ก !)*ก #%

กก<
ACI 3*2)
()0 % a/d 0ก# 1.0 #"#
min d = a = 25 .

()2)
!กก.5# 40 . "
 3( d ≈ 36 .
5. ,/
0)1ก
$
-2% Avf
Vu 28.5


ก Avf = = = 5.99 .2
φ fy µ 0.85(4.0)(1.4)

6. ,/
0)1ก2
!
$
%% Af
Mu 751 (1000)


ก Rn = = = 19.48 กก./.2
φ bd 2
0.85(35)(36) 2


ก ρ = 0.005 (ก* 3)


ก Af = 0.005(35)(36) = 6.35 2

7. ,/
0)1ก2
! An ,!!
$
%*!ก

N uc 7.65

ก An = = = 2.25 .2
φ f y 0.85(4.0)

6-37

 6 
   

8. )1ก
$
%*)ก As 
กกก



ก As = Af + An = 6.35 + 2.25 = 8.6 .2

2 2
%

ก As = Avf + An = ( 5.99 ) + 2.25 = 6.5 .2
3 3


#"#

ก
% 8.6 .2 → )1ก2
!)ก 3DB20 (As = 9.42 &!.2)
9. +%'!%
4(-#ก*
ก # 2.5 . &2ก)%  ก*ก*
!
ก
!ก"

%
h = -#ก*
ก + =ก# +
!ก.A-(d)

= 2.5 + 1.0 + 36 = 39.5 . →  !)*ก#2 40 &!.

Vu


-#*
ก =
φ 0.85 f c′ (ก
)

28.5
= = 3.91 . →  !#
$
ก% 10 &!.
0.70(0.85)(0.35)(35)

1


2)
= 5+ -#*
ก + )

#*
'% # a = 5 + 5 + 25 = 35 &!.
2

!ก
-# ก2)
= (1/2)
!ก"
 = 20 &!.
5 cm

25 cm

  DB20
"#$%
ก

DB25
   3DB20

20 cm

40 cm

ก DB10 @ 8  .

35 cm

 6.45 ก ก**2)

(# 
 6.9

10. ,/
0
!0)1ก)ก


ก Ah = 0.5(As - An) = 0.5(8.6 – 2.25) = 3.2 2

 3DB10 )1ก)ก3% Ah =3(2)(0.78)=4.68 &!2

6-38

 6 
   



.5# (2/3)(36)/3 = 8 .

45$ 6
6.1
#)
  )
ก
ก
 ln = 6.7 . 
*#"3#ก*4ก-

 wD = 1.6 #/. #"3#ก
wL = 1.2 #/. 

3#+
'% #.# ก: Vu  ก** # 
ก. ก, ()
ก SR24 (fy = 2,400 ก.ก./.2) % SD40 (fy = 4,000 ก.ก./.2) ก3# : bw = 30 . d = 43 .  fc′ =
280 ก.ก./.2

6.2
#%#
*#"3#ก*4กก3.5#4 10 # ก3 1 ก4 
* &#
#
% 30
.× 50 .
!ก.A- d = 43 . 
ก**ก. ก
ก ก3# fc′ = 210 ก.ก./.2 
fy = 4,000 ก.ก./.2

6.3 )

#ก

# #%
)
ก
ก
 ln = 5.7  
*#"3#ก*4ก- wL = 2.6 #/
. #"3#ก

 wD = 3.2 #/. 0#"3#ก
# 
ก**# $% 
*ก  
'% # 4

#ก
bw = 40 . ก3# fc′ = 240 ก.ก./.2  fy = 4,000 ก.ก./.2
6.4
# #%

)
)
ก# ln = 5.7 . 
*#"3#ก*4ก

 wD = 4 #/. #"3#ก*4ก wL =
1.2 #/. #"3#ก

ก3.5#4 PD = 7 # #"3#ก PL = 10 # ก3ก
)

# 
ก** #
# ก. ก ก3# fc′ = 280 กก./.2  fy = 4,000 กก./.2
6.5 
ก**ก. ก3*
#-#/2
'% # 
2. 

ก3# : bw = 30 . d = 53 . Vu1 = 30
# Vu2 = 24 # Vu3 = 20 # fc′ = 280 ก.ก./.2  fy = 4,000 ก.ก./.2
Vu1 Beam CL

Vu2
Vu3

φ Vc

1.5 m

3m

6.6 3*##!

# #%


(#2. 

, ก3# -#/2
'% #. Vu ( 
$+


ก. ก DB10 ก3# : bw = 30 . d = 53 .
ก
4 
* 30 .
!
)

# = 2.7
. Vu 4 
* = 24 # Vu ก
)

# = 8 # fc′ = 240 ก.ก./.2  fy = 4,000 ก.ก./.2

6-39

 6 
   

d = 53 cm

30 cm
2.85 m

24 t

CL of span

Vu
8t

6.7 3*
#)

  
(#2. 

)

#ก
ก
4 
* 9.7  #"3#ก*4ก

**-
3.2 #/. (#"3#ก
#) #"3#ก 5 #/. 
ก**ก. ก$% 
*
'% #(#
# ก3# :
f c′ = 240 กก./.2  fy = 4,000 กก./.2

d = 62 cm

40 cm

6.8
# 

(#2. 


*#"3#ก*4ก

 5 #/. (#"3#ก
#) #"3#ก*4ก 7.2 #/.

ก**ก. ก$% ##ก'% # ก3# : fc′ = 240 ก.ก./.2  fy = 4,000 ก.ก./.2
2.5 m

60 cm

30 cm
40 cm
6m 3m

6.9
#!ก)
 )

#ก
ก
 ln = 2.7 .
!ก
# h = 2.5 . 
*#"3#ก*4ก.
wu = 160 #/. #"3#ก
# 
ก**
#3*ก  ก'% # ก3# : f c′ = 280 ก.ก./.2  fy
= 4,000 ก.ก./.2

6.10 
ก**.7#2)
$% 
*#"3#กก3.5#4 Vu = 25 # ก3 a = 20 . ก- 


# 
Nuc = 10 # ก3# : b = 30 . fc′ = 280 ก.ก./.2  fy = 4,000 ก.ก./.2

6-40