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Color Theory
Color Theory
O Sir Isaac Newton was the first to discover this phenomenon in the
seventeenth century and he named the colors of the spectrum.
#1. The Science of Color
O If the ends of the spectrum are bent around and joined a
color circle (color wheel) is formed with purple at the
meeting place.
The Color
Wheel
#2. The Color Wheel
O The original color wheel is credited to Sir Isaac Newton who joined
the red and violet ends of the visual spectrum into a circle.
Red + Yellow =
Orange
Red + Blue = Purple
Yellow + Blue =
Green
#5. Tertiary Colors
O When a primary color is mixed with a secondary color
tertiary colors are made
O Hue: When someone is talking about hue they are talking about the
actual color of an object. Green is a hue as are red, yellow, blue, purple,
etc.
Hue
Value / Brightness
Try this out yourself to understand the difference between Value &
Saturation
#6. Properties of Color
O Shade: The result of adding black to a hue to
produce a darker hue
Saturation
Hue
Value / Brightness
Interior Design
The Magpie
Claude Monet
#8. Color Schemes
Warm & Cool Colors
The color circle can be divided into warm and cool colors
based on the Color Temperature
Monochromatic
Schemes can be
represented by a
single spoke of the
color wheel
Examples
Interiors following a
Monochromatic Color Scheme
#8. Color Schemes
Analogous Colors
O Analogous color schemes use colors that are next to each other on the
color wheel. They usually match well and create serene and comfortable
designs.
O Analogous color schemes are often found in nature and are harmonious
and pleasing to the eye.
O Make sure you have enough contrast when choosing an analogous color
scheme.
Examples
Examples
Examples
Examples
This painting
uses red as the
dominate color
with blue, yellow
A Double Complementary and green as
Color Scheme can be accents.
created by drawing a
Rectangle on the Color
Wheel
#8. Color Schemes
Square
The square color scheme is similar to the
Double Complementary, but with all four
colors spaced evenly around the color circle.
O Square color schemes works best if you
let one color be dominant.
O You should also pay attention to the
balance between warm and cool colors
in your design.
Example
O "Cool colors" (green, blue, purple) evoke a quieter mood, and are
considered less outgoing than the warm
#11. Color Psychology
O Colors can have different effects on people and can even hold different
cultural meanings beyond what may be naturally intuitive.
#12. The Social & Cultural
Symbolism of Colors
O Understand the Social & Cultural Symbolism of Colors. Colors carry a strong emotional
weight for most people, due to the social connotations that are often associated with them.
Red By Geography
Australian Aboriginals: Land, Earth
China: Good Luck, Celebration, Summoning
Israel: Sacrifice, Sin
India: Purity
South Africa: Color Of Mourning
Russia: Bolsheviks And Communism
Eastern: Worn By Brides, Happiness And Prosperity
Western: Excitement, Danger, Love, Passion, Stop, Christmas (With Green),
Valentine’s Day
Other Symbolism
Astrology: Gemini
Feng Shui: Yang, Fire, Good Luck, Money, Respect, Recognition, Vitality
Psychology: Stimulates Brain Wave Activity, Increases Heart Rate,
Increases Blood Pressure
Roses: Love, Respect — Red And Yellow Together Means Gaiety, Joviality.
#12. The Social & Cultural
Symbolism of Colors
By Geography
Pink Korea: Trust
Eastern: Marriage
Western: Love, Babies, Especially Female Babies, Valentine’s Day
Other Symbolism
Feng Shui: Yin, Love
Psychology: Used In Diet Therapy As An Appetite Suppressant, Relaxes
Muscles, Soothing
Roses: Gratitude And Appreciation (Deep Pink) Or Admiration & Sympathy (Light
Pink)
By Geography
Orange Ireland: Religious (Protestants)
Netherlands: House Of Orange
Western: Halloween (With Black), Creativity, Autumn
Other Symbolism
Astrology: Sagittarius
Feng Shui: Yang, Earth, Strengthens Conversation, Purpose, Organization
Psychology: Energizes, Stimulates Appetite
Roses: Enthusiasm, Desire
#12. The Social & Cultural
Symbolism of Colors
Gold By Geography
Eastern: Wealth, Strength
Western: Wealth
Other Symbolism
Astrology: Leo (Golden Yellow/Orange)
Feng Shui: Yang, Metal, God Consciousness
Purple
By Geography
Thailand: Mourning, Widows
Eastern: Wealth Western: Royalty
Other Symbolism
Astrology: Gemini, Sagittarius, And Pisces
Feng Shui: Yin, Spiritual Awareness, Physical And Mental Healing
#12. The Social & Cultural
Symbolism of Colors
Yellow By Geography
China: Nourishing, Royalty
Egypt: Mourning
India: Merchants
Japan: Courage
Eastern: Proof Against Evil, For The Dead, Sacred, Imperial
Western: Hope, Hazards, Coward, Weakness, Taxis
Other Symbolism
Astrology: Taurus
Feng Shui: Yang, Earth, Auspicious, Sun Beams, Warmth, Motion
Psychology: Energizes, Relieves Depression, Improves Memory, Stimulates
Appetite Roses: Sociability, Friendship, Joy, Gladness
Baby By Geography
Blue Western: Babies, Especially Male Babies
Other Symbolism
Astrology: Virgo
#12. The Social & Cultural
Symbolism of Colors
By Geography
Green China: Green Hats Imply A Man’s Wife Is Cheating On Him, Exorcism
India: Islam
Ireland: Symbol Of The Entire Country, Religious (Catholics)
Islam: Perfect Faith
Japan: Life
Eastern: Eternity, Family, Health, Prosperity, Peace
Western: Spring, New Birth, Go, Money, Saint Patrick’s Day, Christmas (With
Red)
Other Symbolism
Astrology: Cancer (Bright Green)
Feng Shui: Yin, Wood, Growing Energy, Nurturing, Balancing, Healing, Health,
Calming Psychology: Soothing, Relaxing Mentally And Physically, Helps With
Depression, Anxiety And Nervousness
By Geography
Gray Eastern: Helpers, Travel
Western: Boring, Dull, Plain, Sad
Other Symbolism
Feng Shui: Yin, Metal, Dead, Dull, Indefinite
#12. The Social & Cultural
Symbolism of Colors
By Geography
Blue China: Immortality
Iran: Color Of Heaven And Spirituality, Mourning
Eastern: Wealth, Self-cultivation
Western: Depression, Sadness, Conservative, Corporate, "Something Blue"
Bridal Tradition
Other Symbolism
Astrology: Capricorn And Aquarius (Dark Blue)
Feng Shui: Yin, Water, Calm, Love, Healing, Relaxing, Peace, Trust, Adventure,
Exploration
Psychology: Calming, Lowers Blood Pressure, Decreases Respiration
By Geography
Brown Australian Aboriginals: Color Of The Land
Western: Wholesome, Earthy, Dependable, Steadfast, Health
Other Symbolism
Astrology: Capricorn And Scorpio (Reddish Brown)
Feng Shui: Yang, Earth, Industry, Grounded
#12. The Social & Cultural
Symbolism of Colors
White By Geography
China: Death, Mourning
India: Unhappiness, Mourning, Peace
Japan: White Carnation Symbolizes Death
Eastern: Funerals, Helpful People, Children, Marriage, Mourning, Peace, Travel
Western: Brides, Angels, Good Guys, Hospitals, Doctors, Peace (White Dove)
Other Symbolism
Astrology: Aries And Pisces
Feng Shui: Yang, Metal, Death, Mourning, Spirits, Ghosts, Poise, Confidence
Roses: Reverence, Humility, Truce
Violet
Other Symbolism
Astrology: Virgo And Libra
Psychology: Suppresses Appetite, Peaceful Environment, Good For Migraines
#12. The Social & Cultural
Symbolism of Colors
Black By Geography
Australian Aboriginals: Color Of The People
China: Color For Young Boys
Thailand: Bad Luck, Unhappiness, Evil
Eastern: Career, Evil, Knowledge, Mourning, Penance
Western: Funerals, Death, Halloween (With Orange), Bad Guys, Rebellion
Other Symbolism
Feng Shui: Yin, Water, Money, Income, Career Success, Emotional Protection,
Power, Stability, Bruises, Evil
Psychology: Self-confidence, Strength, Power
Silver
Other Symbolism
Western: Stylish, Money
Feng Shui: Yin, Metal, Trust, Romance
#13. Color Coding
O Use Color Codes to Denote Relationships & Hierarchy
#14. Perceptual Disabilities
O Never Rely on Color Alone. Consider Perceptual Disabilities such as color
blindness. Males are ten times more likely to be color blind than females. The
disability is especially pronounced among male Caucasians: 8% suffer some
form of color blindness.
Triadic Monochromatic
Split Complementary
#16. Examples of Good Color
Schemes
Monochromatic Achromatic
#16. Examples of Good Color
Schemes
Complementary Analogous