Feelings

Prof. Arniel Mantiza Iway, Ph.D.

Emotion
• The two tests are not 100% accurate.
• They were made to indicate some level but it does not
mean they capture everything
• They do not define the reality 100%
• They only point to some levels or existence of some
realities
• While all these points counts
• We need to understand that the point of the tests is
to tell us that we do have feelings and emotions
• And they play a role in our decisions and actions

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 - David Hume
• The context is his discussion of what is sometimes called "moral
psychology", the study of how we are motivated to act morally.
• In particular, he raises a question about the role of practical reason in
moral motivation
• the role of reason is only to find out which means helps achieve a
given goal
• Reason (or the intellect) plays no part in determining the goals.
• Our goals are set exclusively by passions and what today we call
desires.
• Desires cannot be evaluated as true or false or as reasonable or
unreasonable - they are "original existences" in our mind and arise
from unknown natural causes.

- David Hume

• We cannot be criticized rationally for our desires

• Reason is the slave of the passions
• in the sense that practical reason alone cannot give rise to moral
motivation;
• it is altogether dependent on pre-existing desires that furnish
motivational force.
• For him our distinctions between virtue and vice are based on
shared sentiments or feelings of approval or disapproval we
experience toward persons’ characters.

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 What are Emotions?
• Internal conscious states that we
infer in ourselves and others
• Emotions are private
experiences
• we cannot actually see feelings
• We infer observable behaviour
associated with emotion

Four components of Emotion

• Feelings
• Bodily arousal
• Purpose
• Social expressive

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 Feelings
• emotions in a particular
way
• particular like Anger or joy
• vary in intensity and quality
• Rooted in mental processes
(labelling)

Bodily Arousal
• Dependent on Autonomic and
hormonal systems
• The bodies way of preparing
for action
• To activate adaptive coping
behaviour

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 Purposive component
• Give emotion its goal-directed
force
• Motivation to take action
• Cope with emotion-causing
circumstances
• The reason why people benefit
from emotions
• Social and evolutionary advantage

Social-Expressive component
• Emotion’s communicative aspect
• Postures, gestures, vocalizations,
facial expressions make our
emotions public
• Verbal and nonverbal
communication
• Helps us interpret the situation
• How person reacts to event

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Facial expression convey emotions

Positive emotions
•Positive emotions that lead
one to feel good about one’s
self
•It will lead to an emotionally
happy and satisfied result

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Negative emotions
•Negative emotions sap your
energy and undermine your
effectiveness
•In the negative emotional
state, you find the lack of
desire to do anything

Factors
• Personality
• Culture
• Weather
• Stress
• Age
• Gender
• Environment
• Marital status
• others

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