24/05/2020

BIBLIOGRAFÍA DE CLASE
Capítulo 10.1 y 10.2
Capítulo 11.1 y 11.2

MEMBRANAS BIOLOGICAS

1
 24/05/2020

Regular la
composición
iónica y
molecular por
bombas,
compuertas

Interacción y
reconocimiento LOCOMOCIÓN
intercelular
FUNCIONES
DE LA
MEMBRANA

Control del
flujo de REPRODUCCIÓN
información

2
 24/05/2020

Some Diseases or
pathologic States
resulting From or
attributed to
abnormalities of
Membranes.

THE PACKING OF FATTY ACIDS INTO STABLE AGGREGATE

3
 24/05/2020

Two conventions for naming fatty acids

(DHA)

ω6 / ω3
1:1-4/1

4
 24/05/2020

Eicosapentaenoic
acid
(EPA;20:5(5,8,11,
14,17)

Docosahexaenoic
acid
(DHA;22:6(4,7,10,1
3,16,19)

SOME COMMON TYPES OF STORAGE AND MEMBRANE LIPIDS

Cholesterol

5
 24/05/2020

LÍPIDOS ESTRUCTURALES.

6
 24/05/2020

Glycerophospholipids

Glycerophospholipids:Ether lipids

7
 24/05/2020

The specificities of phospholipases

Sphingolipids

Glycosphingolipids as
determinants of blood group

gal

glu gal galNAc

Fuc

galNAc

in the plasma membranes of

cells in nonneural tissues.

gal

8
 24/05/2020

Pathways for the breakdown

of GM1, globoside and
sphingomyelin to ceramide

STEROL: CHOLESTEROL

9
 24/05/2020

Membranas Biológicas

DESARROLLO DEL MODELO DE MEMBRANA

10
 24/05/2020

PROPIEDADES DE LAS MEMBRANAS

FLEXIBLES

AUTOSELLANTES

SELECTIVAMENTE
PERMEABLES A
SOLUTOS POLARES

11
 24/05/2020

COMPOSICIÓN DE LA MEBRANA

• Lípidos (40%).
• Proteínas (52%).
• Glúcidos (8%)

Each Type of Membrane Has Characteristic Lipids and Proteins

12
 24/05/2020

LIPID COMPOSITION OF THE PLASMA MEMBRANE AND

ORGANELLE MEMBRANES OF A RAT HEPATOCYTE.

2011

13
 24/05/2020

All Biological Membranes Share Some Fundamental Properties

1924-feb 2 2017 1943-

Dinámica de las membranas

LATERALIDAD DE
LAS PROTEÍNAS

14
 24/05/2020

A Lipid Bilayer Is the Basic Structural Element of Membranes

Amphipathic lipid aggregates that form in water

Free fatty acid Glycerophospholipids

Lysophopholipids Sphingolipids

Membrane asymetry: Compositional changes accompanying

membrane trafficking

15
 24/05/2020

BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANES
Lipid Transverse Asymmetry

In the erythrocyte, phosphatidylcholine Mechanisms for generating

(PC) comprises about 30% of the total asymmetric lipid distribution.
phospholipid in the membrane.

Three Types of Membrane Proteins Differ in the

Nature of Their Association with the Membrane

16
 24/05/2020

INTEGRAL MEMBRANE PROTEINS

17
 24/05/2020

Covalently Attached Lipids Anchor Some

MembraneProteins

Membrane Dynamics

Fluid state of membranes

Liquid-ordered
(Lo) state

Liquid-disordered
(Ld) state

18
 24/05/2020

TEMPERATURE

FLUID VISCOUS

Unsaturated hydrocarbon tails Saturated hydrocarbon tails

(a) Unsaturated versus saturated hydrocarbon tails

(b) Cholesterol within the animal

cell membrane

Cholesterol

19
 24/05/2020

Membrane Dynamics

Fluid state of membranes

Membrane Dynamics: Motion of single

phospholipids in a bilayer.

20
 24/05/2020

Restricted motion of the erythrocyte chloride bicarbonate

exchanger and glycophorin.

21
 24/05/2020

Sphingolipids and Cholesterol Cluster Together

in Membrane Rafts

BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANES
Glucolípidos

Constituyen aprox. un 5-
8% de las moléculas
lipídicas en la monocapa
exterior

Los glucolípidos más complejos

son los gangliosíodos

Los gangliósidos funcionan como

receptores de mol. extracelulares

Glicoproteínas

Asimetría de membranas.
Reconocimiento celular.(inmunidad)

22
 24/05/2020

GLÚCIDOS
•Son los componentes del glucocálix Proteoglycans
o cubierta celular. Glycoconjugate Glycoproteins
Glycolipids
•Son oligosacáridos unidos a lípidos
y a proteínas.

•Se encuentran en la cara externa

de la célula.

•Su función:
•Reconocimento celular.
•Comunicación entre células.

23