Part 2

Social and cultural influences are closely related to different human life processes. They
occur in political, management and health and disease contexts. The imbalance of variables
contributes to various strategies to enhance healthcare equity. The spread of diseases has been
shown by sociologists to be highly affected by the socioeconomic status of individuals, ethnic
traditions and other cultural factors. Where medical research may gather statistics on a
disease, a sociological view on a disease would provide insight into external factors which
caused disease diseases in demographics. A common basis for comparison between regions is
HIV/AIDS. While it is very troublesome in some countries, a comparatively little percentage
of the population has been impacted in others. Sociological factors can contribute to
understanding the reasons for the differences.
There is a wide-ranging social involvement for hospitals in the therapy of patients and the
topics of the best known social work in the medical field. The social position of hospitals in
large measure represents their historical evolution over time, which has passed through four
phases, it was argued. Many of the first hospitals were set up by religious orders and by
monks, religious nuns and clergy performed treatments. Besides treating patients the
expansion of charity and health services to those in need was one of the key functions of
these institutions.
During the Renaissance, secularisation of hospitals lead to a shift in their position beyond
mere care, food and shelter for the needy. Death Homes: from the 17th century on, the
advancement of medical expertise and technology sparked a shift in the way hospitals worked
and in the position of doctor. By the 19th century they had taken on their present position as
medical institutions, but conditions were often low in terms of health and clinical outcomes.
In the last four decades of the 20th century the drastic changes have significantly affected the
role of the government in health and other social sectors and have led to them repositioned.
Since the market forces fail to adequately meet the population's health needs, policymakers
must act to increase equity and productivity, carry out public health functions and deliver
essential public goods that contribute to health growth. Health is, however, not merely a
market commodity but, as it was claimed in many constitutional and signed agreements, as a
fundamental human need and a social right in the region and elsewhere. Given the changes of
the political and social conditions this engagement requires important tasks and obligations
for governments (Centers for Disease Control (U.S.) et al.).

Bibliography

Centers for Disease Control (U.S.), et al. HIV/AIDS Surveillance. digitized ed., USA,

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 1990.

Egede, Leonard E. “Race, Ethnicity, Culture, and Disparities in Health care.” J Gen

Intern Med, vol. 6, 2006, pp. 667-669. 10.1111/j.1525-1497.2006.0512.x.