International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
Volume: 05 Issue: 10 | Oct 2018 www.irjet.net
Review Paper on Comparative Study of an Industrial Pre – Engineered
Building with Conventional Steel Building
Deepti D. Katkar1, Prof.N.P.Phadtare2
1Student of M.E. Structural Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, P.V.P.I.T Budhgaqon,
Sangli – 416416 India
2Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, P.V.P.I.T Budhgaqon, Sangli – 416416 India
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Abstract - In recent years, the introduction of Pre-Engineered
Building (PEB) concept in the design of structures has helped
in optimizing design. Long span, Column free structures are
the most essential in any type of industrial structures and Pre
Engineered Buildings (PEB) fulfil this requirement along with
reduced time and cost as compared to conventional structures.
This methodology is versatile not only due to its quality
predesigning and prefabrication, but also due to its light
weight and economical construction. The present work
presents the comparative study and design of conventional
steel frames with concrete columns and steel columns and Pre
Engineered Buildings (PEB). In this work, an industrial
building of length 44m and width 20m with roofing system as
conventional steel truss and pre-engineered steel truss is
analyzed and designed by using STAAD Pro V8i.
Keywords: Pre-Engineered Building, Staad.Pro, Tapered
Section.
1. INTRODUCTION
India has the second fastest growing economy in the
world and a lot of it, is attributed to its construction industry
which figures just next to agriculture in its economic
contribution to the nation. In its steadfast development, the
construction industry has discovered, invented and
developed a number of technologies, systems and products,
one of them being the concept of Pre-engineered Buildings
(PEBs). As opposed to being on-site fabricated, PEBs are
delivered as a complete finished product to the site from a
single supplier with a basic structural steel framework with
attached factory finished cladding and roofing components.
The structure is erected on the site by bolting the various
building components together as per specifications. PEBs are
developed using potential design software. The onset of
technological advancement enabling 3d modelling and
detailing of the proposed structure and coordination has
revolutionized Conventional building construction. Pre-
Engineered Buildings (PEB) is the future for India. Most of
the Indian business community is just started to realize the
benefits of PEB’s. Where you have been building with
concrete for as long as anyone can remember, it is difficult to
change. However India’s most progressive companies are
seeing the benefits of PEB’s.
1.1. What is Pre-Engineered Building?
PEB are tailor made buildings which are
combination of built up section, hot rolled section, cold
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formed element and profiled sheets based on client's
requirement & actual design calculations using tapered
sections. Pre-engineered steel buildings can be fitted with
different structural accessories including mezzanine
floors, canopies, fascias, interior partitions etc. and the
building is made water proof by use of special mastic
beads, filler strips and trims. This is very versatile
buildings systems and can be finished internally to serve
any functions and accessorized externally to achieve
attractive and unique designing styles. It is very
advantageous over the conventional buildings and is
really helpful in the low rise building design. From the
excavation to occupancy no other building system
matches pre-engineered building system when it comes to
speed and value.
Pre - Engineered buildings are generally low rise
buildings; however the maximum cave heights can go up
to 25 to 30 meters. Low rise buildings are ideal for offices,
houses, showrooms, shop fronts etc. The application of pre-
engineered concept to low rise buildings is very
economical and speedy. Buildings can be constructed in
less than half the normal time especially when
complimented with other engineered sub-systems.
The most common and economical type of low-rise
building is a building with ground floor and two
intermediate floors plus roof. The roof of a low rise
building may be flat or sloped. Intermediate floors of
low rise buildings are made of mezzanine systems. Single
storied houses for living take minimum time for
construction and can be built in any type of geographic
location like extreme cold hilly areas, high rain prone areas,
plain land, extreme hot climatic zones etc.
Fig.1.1 Roofing system
1.2 Features
Pre-engineered buildings are known for their ease
of construction. An example can very well explain the
difference between the traditional method of construction
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 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 10 | Oct 2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

and the method followed by pre-engineered buildings. 2. Applications

The conventional method of constructing a building is to
transport bricks, timber, cement, sand, steel and
construction aggregate, etc. to the site, and to construct the
building on site from these materials. In prefabricated
construction, only the foundations are constructed in this
way, while sections of walls, floors and roof are assembled
in a factory, transported to the site, lifted into place by a
crane and bolted together.
Some of the features of Pre Engineered Buildings are as
follows:
a. Like it doesn't need any timber for doors and
windows it's all steel made, so our environment is
intact.
b. The building is made water proof by use of special
mastic beads & filler strips.
In the USA, where the PEB concept was originally
conceived during the early years of this century, nearly
70% of all single storey non-residential construction
now utilizes pre-engineered buildings. Applications
range from small car parking sheds to 90 m (+), wide clear
span aircraft hangars to low-rise multi-storey buildings.
Almost every conceivable building use has been
achieved using the pre-engineered building approach.
The most common applications of pre-engineered buildings
are:
a. Industrial
 Workshops
 Warehouses

c. The time and energy involved in the construction of  Cold stores

a Pre-engineered Building is much less than the
conventional industrial structures.  Car parking sheds

d. The complete building system is Pre-engineered  Slaughter houses

to facilitate easy production & assembly on site.
 Bulk product storage
e. These buildings can be installed at the client's site,
within a limited period of time with less labor hours.  Factories

f. As the construction of these building takes lesser

time, Pre-engineered buildings saves a great
amount of labour cost.

g. Moreover, a Pre-engineered Building can be easily

uninstalled and set up again at a different site.

1.3 Components:

There are basically nine major components in a pre-

engineered building such as:

a. Main framing or vertical columns Fig.2.1 Ware house

b. End wall framing b. Institutional
c. Purl ins, girts a nd ea ve struts  Schools
d. Sheeting and insulation or prefab panels  Exhibition halls
e. C r a n e s y s t e m
 Hospitals
f. M e z z a n i n e s y s t e m
 Theaters/auditoriums
g. B r a c i n g s y s t e m
 Sports halls
h. P a i n t s a n d f i n i s h e s
c. Agricultural
i. M i s c e l l a n e o u s s e r v i c e s
 Poultry buildings

 Dairy farms

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 Green Houses and connections, consultant, with

design time is fewer design aids
 Grain storage significantly available to the
reduced. Basic engineer.
 Animal confinement designs are used
over and over:
d. Aviation & Military
Substantial
 Air crafts hangers Specialized engineering and
computer analysis detailing is required
 Administration buildings and design on every project.
programs Generalized
 Residential barracks optimize material computer analysis
required. Drafting program require
is also extensive
computerized using input/output and
standard details design alterations.
that minimize
project custom
details. Extensive consultant
ti m e i s d ev ot e d
to design and
Design, shop details drafting, as well as
sketches and co-ordination and
erection drawings review, often at a
are supplied f r e e significant expense.
of charge by Each project is a
Fig.2.2 Air crafts hangers t h e manufacturer special case;
drawings are engineers need
3. Comparison between Conventional Steel Building and Pre usually prepared more time to
Engineered within 2 weeks. develop the design
and details of the
Points of Pre-Engineered Conventional Steel unique structure.
PEB engineers
Comparison Steel Buildings Building More complicated
design and detail
Pre-Engineered Primary steel pre-engineered design requiring
Structure Buildings are members arc selected buildings almost extensive design
about 30% lighter from standard hot every day and drafting time
Weight from consultants.
through the rolled "1" sections throughout the
efficient use of which are in many year resulting in
steel Primary segments of the faster and more
framing members members, heavier efficient designs.
are tapered than what is actually
(varying depth) required by design. Consultant's in
built-up plate Members have house design and
sections with large constant cross drafting time is
depths in the areas section regardless of considerably
of highest stress varying magnitude of reduced. Allowing
the local stresses more time for co-
along the member ordination and
length. review, and
Secondary Secondary members increased margins
members are light are selected from on design fees
weight cold standard hot rolled Delivery Average 6 to 8 Average 20 to 26
formed "Z" or "C" "I" and "C" sections, weeks. weeks.
shaped numbers. which are heavier.
Design Quick and efficient. Each conventional
Since PEB's are steel structure is Foundations Simple design, easy Extensive, heavy
mainly formed of designed from to construct and foundations
standard sections scratch by the light weight complicated.

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Erection Since the The connections Resistance flexible frames structures do not
Simplicity connections of are normally offer higher perform well in
the components complicated and resistance to seismic zones.
are standard, the differ from project to seismic forces
learning curve of project, resulting in
Overall Price Price per square Slightly cheaper sue
erection for each longer learning
meter may be as to use of poor quality
subsequent project curves of erection for
much as 30% material.
is faster. Periodic new projects
lower than
free-of-charge
conventional steel.
erection ' support
at the site is Architecture Outstanding Special architectural
usually provided architectural design and
by PEB design can be features
manufacturers. achieved at low cost must be developed
using standard for each project,
Erection Cost Both cost & time of Typically, they are
architectural which Often require
and time erection are 20% more expensive
features and research and thus
accurately known, than PEB. In most of
interface details. resulting in much
based upon the cases, the erection
Traditional wall higher costs
extensive costs a n d t i m e a r e
and fascia materials,
experience with not estimated
such as concrete,
similar buildings. accurately
masonry and wood,
can be utilized.
PEBs are often
erected by
specialized PEB Sourcing & Building is Many source of supply
builders with Co-ordination supplied complete project
extensive with cladding and management time is
experience in the all accessories, required to co-
erection of similar including erection ordinate suppliers
buildings, offering (if desired) from and sub-contractors.
very competitive one single source.
rates. PEB Cost of PEB manufacturers Substitutions of hot
builders usually Change often stock a large rolled sections that
have a stock of Orders amount of basic are infrequently
standard raw materials rolled by mills is
components, in that can he expensive and time
their camps; flexibly used in consuming.
enabling them to many types of
complete jobs on PEB projects.
time should any
shortage or site Change orders that
damage occur to Change orders are made, after hot
materials. are easily rolled sections are
accommodated at shipped for
all stages of the fabrication, often
The erection order fulfillment
process is easy, fast, result in
process. Little or redundancies to a lot
step by step and no material is
with hardly any. of hot rolled sections,
wasted even' if a which ultimately
Requirement for change order is
equipment. result in more cost to
made after the end-user.
fabrication starts.
Erection is slow
and extensive field
labour is required. Building Designed to fit the Every project
Heavy equipment Accessories system, with requires special
is often needed. standardized, design for
interchangeable accessories and
Seismic The low weight Rigid heavy weight
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Volume: 05 Issue: 10 | Oct 2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

parts, including special sourcing for similar buildings, of how components

pre-designed each item. Flashing in actual field will perform together
flashing and trims. and trims must be Conditions is uncertain. Materials
They are mass uniquely designed worldwide, has which have
produced for and fabricated resulted in design performed well in
economy and are improvements some climates may
available with the over time, which not do so in other
building. They have allows dependable environments
been tried in prediction of
thousands of performance
existing buildings.
4. Comment
Future All project records It will be difficult to As per the current case study if the Industrial Steel
Expansions are kept in obtain project Building is designed for 70m x 25m x 13m for a particular
electronic format records, after a long site as per site requirement and the respective loading
indefinitely, period of time. It is conditions as per the IS codes by using either portal frame
making it easy for required to contact truss, A-type frame truss, saw-tooth type truss or pre-
the owner or more than one party, engineered sections then the saw tooth type truss framed
designer to obtain a involved I the structure is found to be 60% more cost effective than other
copy of his building projec t to o bta in conventional type of trusses and in comparison to this the
records at any time. accurate information. pre-engineered building is found to be more 30% lighter in
Future expansion weight, economical, strength full, highly efficient with
Future expansion is would be more minimum chances of error etc. and best suiting structure
simple, easy and difficult and more spanning from 20m to 80m for single storey building.
cost effective. One likely, costlier
supplier can co- 5. Conclusion
ordinate changes.
Hence the pre-engineered buildings are more
Responsibility Single source of Multiple advantageous over conventionally designed buildings in
supply results in responsibilities can terms of cost effectiveness, time saving, future scope,
total result in questions of subtleness and economy. This paper of comparative study
responsibility by who is responsible between conventional and pre-engineered building shows
one supplier, when components their experimental and analytical studies carried out in this
including design do not fit field. The results show that the steel structures are far more
liability PEB properly, economical energy efficient and flexible in design than other
manufacturers can insufficient material is type of structures for industrial use.
be relied upon to supplied, or
service their materials f a i l t o 6. References
buildings long after perform,
they are suppl i ed particularly at the Journal Papers:
to prot ec t their supplier/contractor
[1.]Shrunkhal V Bhagatkar, Farman Iqbal Shaikh,
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BhanuPrakash Gupta and Deepak Kharta(March 2015) on “ A
consultant carries
Study On PreEngineered Building – A Construction
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have been custom designed for a
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Experience with unique, so prediction

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 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 10 | Oct 2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

[4.] Vrushali Bahadure, Prof. R.V.R.K.Prasad (January -

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Books:

[1.] Design of Steel Structures by N. Subramanian, published

in India by Oxford University Press in 2011, ISBN 0-
19567681-5

[2.] Limit State design of Steel Structures by Dr. S.K. Duggal,

published by McGraw Hill Education (India) Private Limited
in 2015, ISBN-13: 978-93-5134-349-3

[3.] IS 800:2007, IS 800:1984

[4.] IS 875 part I, II, III, IV, V and 1893:1984

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