Tutorial 1 (Solution)

Question 1
k = QL/AΔT
Heat flow Q = 0.25W
length L = 5 m
Area A = 9 m2
temperature difference ΔT = 50 K
k = 0.25 x 5 / (9 x 50)
k = 1.25 / 450
k = 0.0028 W/m K

Question 2
R=d/k , where;
R= Thermal resistance of the component (m2 K/W)
d= Thickness of the material (m)
k= Thermal conductivity of the material (W/m K)
or
R=r x d , where;
R= Thermal resistance of the component (m2 K/W)
d= Thickness of the material (m)
r= Resistivity (m K/W)

So, we use the 1st formula R=d/k

a) Solid brick
R=d/k
R= 0.25 / 0.77
R= 0.325 m2 K/W

b) Insulation
R=d/k
R= 0.025 / 0.04
R= 0.625 m2 K/W
Question 3
i)
Element Thickness (m) Thermal Resistance
Conductivity (m2 K/W)
(W/m K)
Outside Surface - - 0.055
Outer brick 0.105 0.73 0.144
Air gap 0.050 - 0.18
Inner brick 0.105 0.73 0.144
Plastering 0.016 0.46 0.035
Inside surface - - 0.123
Total 0.681

U value = 1/Rt
U value = 1/0.681
U value = 1.468 W/m2 K
ii)
Element Thickness (m) Thermal Resistance
Conductivity (m2 K/W)
(W/m K)
Outside Surface - - 0.055
Outer brick 0.105 0.73 0.144
Foamed Urea 0.050 0.026 1.923
Formaldehyde
Inner brick 0.105 0.73 0.144
Plastering 0.016 0.46 0.035
Inside surface - - 0.123
Total 2.424

U value = 1/Rt
U value = 1/ 2.424
New U value = 0.413 W/m2 K
Question 4
Element Thickness (m) Thermal Resistance
Conductivity (m2 K/W)
(W/m K) /
Resistivity
External render 0.016 2.170 (Resistivity) 0.035
Hollow concrete 0.100 - 0.210
block
Expanded 0.100 0.037 2.702
polystyrene
Plasterboard 0.100 0.160 0.625
Internal surface - 0.104
External Surface - 0.048
Total 3.724

U value = 1/Rt
U value = 1/ 3.724
New U value = 0.269 W/m2 K

Question 5
a) Original domestic pitched roof

U value = 1.9 W/m2 K

Resistance, R = 1 / 1.9
Resistance, R = 0.526 m2 K/W

b) New U value with additional fiberglass

U value = 0.25 W/m2 K

Resistance, R = 1 / 0.25
Resistance, R = 4 m2 K/W

Resistance value different;

4 m2 K/W - 0.526 m2 K/W = 3.474 m2 K/W
Using R=d/k, where;

R= Thermal resistance of the component (m2 K/W)

d= Thickness of the material (m)
k= Thermal conductivity of the material (W/m K)

R=d/k
3.474 = d/0.04
d = 3.474 x 0.04
d = 0.139 @ 0.14m