HIGH DENSITY PLANTING

(HDP) & ULTRA HIGH DENSITY

PLANTING (UHDP)
 HIGH DENSITY PLANTING
High Density planting means to increase
the plant population per unit area for
increasing the production of fruit crops
 To overcome low productivity
 To reduce gestation period for early
returns
 TYPES
Semi-intensive: 500-1000 trees/ha
Intensive system: 1,000 to 10,000 trees/ha
Super-intensive system: 10,000 to 1,00,000
trees/ha
 PLANTING DENSITIES
 Low HDP: <250 trees per ha
 Moderate HDP: 250-500 trees per ha
 High HDP: 500-1250 tree per ha
 Ultra HDP: >1250 trees per ha
 Super HDP: 20,000 trees per ha (in Apple Orchards)
 Meadow Orchard: 70,000 trees per ha (in Apple & Guava)
 COMPONENTS OF HDP
Use of dwarf scion varieties.
Adopting dwarfing rootstock and inter-stocks.
Efficient training and pruning.
Use of plant growth regulating chemicals.
Suitable crop management practices.
 PLANTING SYSTEM FOR HDP
• Rectangular with single, double or three rows are
followed
• Single row: row spacing is wide: 4X2m
• Double row: Wider spacing: (4+2)X2m
• Three row: More wider spacing: (4+2+2)X2m
• Bed System (or) Meadow orchards: A bed of 10-15
rows is closely planted (30X45 cm) and separated by
alleys of 2.5m width between beds
 ADVANTAGES
Best utilization of land and resources
Quality production of fruit crops
Increase in yield per unit area
Easy for intercultural, plant protection and
harvesting
Obtain export quality of the harvest
 DISADVANTAGES
• Less life span of the fruit
• Difficult to manage the tree canopy
• Require high level of technical know-how for
the maintenance of fruit trees
 HDP FOR BANANA
Spacing: 1.2X1.2 m (or) 2.1X2.1 m
3 Suckers per pit~ Pit size: 50X50X50 cm
Pit spacing : 30-45 cm
Cavendish: 1.8X3.6 m (4600 plants per ha)
Nendran: 2X3 m (5000 plants per ha)
Plant density: 4444 to 5555 plants per ha
 BENEFITS
33% more plant population
44% reduction in labour cost
37.5% decrease in fertilizer cost
BCR=4.49:1
 UHDP FOR MANGO
 Amrapalli: 2.5X2.5 m spacing (suited for North India)
 Spacing Recommended: 4.5X4.5 m (or) 3X2m (or) 3X1m
 Dwarfing rootstock for Alphonso: Vellaikolumban (Polyembryonic)
 For Fruit set during off year: Applying Paclobutrazol (Curtal) 1-2 ml
per tree along with 10 litres of water (Growth Regulator)
 Training the Mango tree by removing the tip at 2.5’ height to produce
3 branches growing different direction to form umbrella like structure
 Pruning is done to remove dead, diseased and unwanted branches
for better light penetration.
 VARIETIES SUITABLE
• Amarapalli
• Alphonso
• Dashehari
• Banganapalli
• Imampasant
• Bombay
• Bangalura
 Benefits
 Easy management because the height of tree is only 7’
 Reduced labour cost
 Effective utilization of scarce land
 Under Conventional Cultivation plant density is 40 tree per acre but
in HDP 200 per acre and in UHDP 654 per acre
MANAGEMENT OF MANGO IN HDP
PINEAPPLE HDP
 MEADOW ORCHARD IN GUAVA
 Modern method of High Density Planting developed by CISH,Lucknow
 Shift of perception of farmers from production to productivity
 Densely planted orchards through judicious canopy management and
tree training system
 Suitable varieties: Sardar, Sweta, CISH G 5, CISH G 6, Lalit,
Allahabad Safeda, Hybrid seedlings
 Heavy usage of growth regulators and pruning
 Different types of planting in
Guava
System Spacing(m) Density(plant/ha)
Low Density 8x8 100-250
Medium Density 6x6 250-500
High Density 3x3 500-2000
Ultra- High Density 3x1.5 2000-5000
Meadow Orchard 2x1 5000-1,00,000
 Advantages
 Commercial bearing from first year
 Average yield is 40-60 t/ha (Traditional method – 12 t/ha)
 Easy to manage due to small tree size
 Requires less labour
 Lower cost of production
 High quality fruit with good colour development
 Better utilization of Solar radiation and Increased Photosynthetic efficiency
 Higher income