Catalogue English PDF

Table of contents
1 Jet pumps
1.1 Design and principle of operation

1.2 Applications
1.3 Special industrial use
1.4 Advantages of jet pumps
1.5 Standard jet pumps of the ANA-GmbH and their industrial use
2 Liquid jet pumps
2.1 Water jet pump type 22/1
2.1.1 Design and principle of operation
2.1.2 Applications
2.1.3 Technical data
2.1.4 Performance data
2.1.5 Materials
2.1.6 Performance diagram
2.2 Water jet cellar pump type 22/2
2.2.2 Applications
2.2.5 Materials
2.2.7 Example of installation
09.05.06 1/5 ANA-Verfahrenstechnik GmbH

Content
2.3 Liquid jet mixer type 22/7

2.3.2 Applications
2.3.5 Materials
2.4 Water jet solid pump type 22/8

2.4.2 Applications
2.4.5 Materials
3 Liquid jet gas pumps
3.1 Water jet vacuum pump type 23/1

3.1.2 Applications
3.1.5 Materials

3.2.2 Applications
3.2.5 Materials

Content
3.3 Liquid jet ventilator type 23/5

3.3.2 Applications
3.3.5 Materials
4 Steam jet liquid pumps
4.1 Steam jet liquid pump type 12/1 for water

4.1.2 Applications
4.1.4 Materials
4.2 Steam jet universal pumps type 12/2 for water

4.2.2 Applications
4.2.4 Materials
5 Steam jet heaters
5.1 Steam jet heater type 12/3 for installation on vessels

5.1.2 Applications
5.1.5 Materials

Content
5.2 Steam jet heater type 12/4 for installation in vessels

5.2.2 Applications
5.2.5 Materials
5.3 Steam jet heater type 12/5 for exhaust steam

5.3.2 Applications
5.3.4 Materials
5.4 Steam jet heater type 12/6 for the installation in pipelines

5.4.2 Applications
5.4.4 Materials
6 Steam jet air ejector and steam jet compressor
6.1 One stage steam jet vacuum pumps

6.1.2 Applications
6.1.3 Technical data for steam jet air-ejector/ compressor
6.1.4 Materials

Content
6.2 Adjustable steam jet pumps
6.2.1 Characteristic curve of jet pumps

6.2.2 Regulation strategies
6.2.2.1 Regulation of motive steam pressure
6.2.2.2 Injector needle regulation
6.2.2.3 Bypass regulation
7 Gas jet – gas pumps

7.2 Applications
7.3 Technical data for gas ejectors
7.4 Materials
Annex 1 Water steam table
Annex 2 Conversion table
Annex 3 Questionnaires

Content
1 Jet Pumps
Jet pumps are used in nearly every branch of industry for conveying, mixing and compres-
sion of liquids or gases. Jet pumps have no movable parts, need no mechanical drive and
are designed in a simple structure.
The driving (motive) medium is expanded through a nozzle and generates a conveying ef-
fect. The change from pressure energy to kinetic energy is combined with a decline of the
static pressure, which has its lowest value directly after the nozzle. The suction medium inlet
is in this part of the jet pump. The suction stream is now mixed with the driving flow and the
velocity increases.
After mixing, the velocity of the mixing stream is reduced consequently. The pressure in-
creases to the value of the counter pressure.
A driving medium can be a gas or a fluid. The suction medium can also be a medium with
impurities.
A driving medium can be a gas or a fluid. The suction medium can also be a medium with
impurities.
The main parts of a jet pump, are the driving nozzle, mixing nozzle and diffusor. They are
described in the following passage:
Driving nozzle: The driving nozzle is a flow canal with a circular cross section, de-
signed in dependence on the kind of driving medium.
If the driving medium is a liquid, the cross section decreases con-

stantly in flow direction. Liquid jet pumps for conveying air or non con-
densable gas have an additional spin element in the driving nozzle.
The resulting rotation of the liquid causes a better mixing between liq-
uid and gas.
Jet pumps with gas or water vapour as driving medium have a “Laval”
nozzle. This nozzle has first a decreasing, than an increasing cross
section and accelerates the medium to supersonic speed.
Driving nozzles for steam jet heaters are designed in a way that the
water travels through a very long and narrow cross section of the noz-
zle. The steam passes through lateral arranged bores and directly
condenses in the water stream.

Introduction
Mixing nozzle: The mixing nozzle, also with a circular cross section begins the driving
nozzle ends.
The space around the outlet of the driving nozzle has to be dimen-
sioned sufficiently to convey the suction stream from the suction nozzle
via jet pump head to the mixing nozzle. The jet pump suction head can
be designed in a form of cylinders, balls or bows.
The mixing nozzle cross section increases conically and the length de-
pends on the mixing, speed and pressure conditions. For conveying of
large gas quantities at small pressure increases and small driving wa-
ter streams, cylindrical mixing zones are required.
Diffusor: The diffusor consists of a short cylindrical part and a longer conical
part. The diffusor ends at the pressure connection C.
The pressure in the diffusor increases and the speed decreases, if the
liquids or gases have a low compression ratio. At a higher compres-
sion ratio the pressure increase takes place in the cylindrical part 4. In
this case the cylindrical part is much longer.
In figure 1.1 the design of a jet pump with most important connections and design parts is
described.
Important for the effect of a jet pump are the pressures at the connections and the related
streams. There are three different connections at a jet pump:
• Driving connection (A) • Suction connection (B) • Pressure connection (C)
1 suction head 2 driving nozzle 3 mixing nozzle 4 throat 5 diffusor
Fig. 1.1: Design of a jet pump
Apart from the driving nozzle design the most important dimension of a jet pump is the di-
ameter of the mixing nozzle throat.
For exact calculation and design, the pressure, temperature and mass conditions of the me-
dia are important and necessary.

Introduction
Jet pumps are characterized on the basis of the DIN 24 290 according to the driving as well
as to the suction side. The names in this catalogue are taken from this norm.
acc. gas jet pumps steam jet pumps liquid jet pumps
driving
medium
acc. suction
medium
jet gas pumps jet ventila- gas jet ventila- steam jet ventilators liquid jet ventilators
tors tors
jet com- gas jet com- steam jet compres- liquid jet compres-
pressors pressors sors sors
jet vacuum gas jet vacuum steam jet vacuum liquid jet vacuum
pumps pumps pumps pumps
jet liquid pumps gas jet liquid steam jet liquid liquid jet liquid
pumps pumps pumps
jet solid pumps gas jet solid steam jet solid liquid jet solid
pumps pumps pumps
Fig. 1.2: Designation of jet pumps according to DIN 24 290
1.2 Applications
Jet pumps are used as one or multiple stage suction pumps for the generation of vacuum in
nearly all process steps where the pressure is lower than the atmospheric pressure. In most
cases, the driving medium is water or water steam.
• Steam jet pumps are used as steam compressors in evaporation plants, crystallization
plants and distillation columns as well as in pipelines for generating excess pressure.
• Liquid jet pumps are used for gas suction, liquid conveying and mixing of liquids for all
pressures.
• Gas jet pumps operate mainly as adjustable jet pumps in the gas, mixing and conveyance
technology.
• Combinations of steam jet vacuum pumps with other type of pumps (i. e. water ring
pumps) are widely used for the suction of vapour and gas because of their low service
costs.

Introduction
1.3 Special industrial use
Because of their simple design and their safe operation, jet pumps are used in many
branches of industry. Possible applications are:
• oil petroleum refinery ⇒ steam jet vacuum pumps for distillation columns
• steel industry ⇒ multiple stage steam jet vacuum pumps for steel
degassing
• power stations ⇒ multiple stage steam jet vacuum pumps for

deaeration of turbine condensers
• chemical industry ⇒ liquid jet pumps for the vacuum generating

during chemical processes
• shipyard ⇒ water jet pumps for the conveying of liquids and solids
• alimentary oil industry ⇒ steam jet vacuum pumps for the suction of
water steam during the oil deodorization
• see water desalting ⇒ multiple stage steam jet vacuum pumps for the
suction of aerosols and inert gases from the sea water
1.4. Advantages of jet pumps
Jet pumps have many technical advantages:
• simple design
• very low wear and tear because there are no movable parts
• corrosion proof
• easy maintenance
• easy service
• low space requirement
• unrestricted use in ex-protected areas

Introduction
1.5 Standard jet pumps of the ANA-Verfahrenstechnik GmbH and their industrial use (general view)
liquid jet liquid pumps liquid jet gas steam jet gas jet Steam jet steam jet heaters
pumps ejectors ejectors liquid pumps
Type 22/1 22/2 22/7 22/8 23/1 23/2 23/5 12/1 12/2 12/3 12/4 12/5 12/6
* ** ***
scrubbing of gases x
conveyance of liquids x x x x
mixing of liquids x x x
draining of mines x x x x
draining of cellar rooms x
conveyance of solids with liquids x
distillation under vacuum x x x
deaeration of vessels x x x x
deaeration of siphon pipes x x x x
deaeration of centrifugal pumps x x
suction of toxic gases and steams x x x
suction of explosive gases x x
heating of liquids x x x x
* low suction height, higher pressure height

** high suction height, low pressure height
*** with exhaust steam = 1 bar g
Fig. 1.3: Standard jet pumps of the ANA-Verfahrenstechnik GmbH and their industrial use

Introduction
2 Liquid jet liquid pumps
2.1 Water jet pump type 22/1
Liquid jet pumps operate with water or other liquids as driving force, the static energy of
which is converted into a kinetic energy by means of a driving nozzle and thereby generat-
ing a high velocity. The pressure simultaneously drops to the suction condition at the outlet
of the driving nozzle now enabling the surrounding liquid or gas to become entrained and
accelerated. The driving and suction fluids are uniformly mixed and the velocity is reduced in
the outlet cone to convert the kinetic energy of the mixture into the required pressure en-
ergy.
2.1.2 Applications
Water jet pumps types 22/1 are used for conveyance and mixing of fluids and suspensions
in the chemical and pharmaceutical industry, the water and sewage technology and others
more.
size connections DN dimensions in mm weight in kg max. particle size

in mm *
A B C a b c
2 25 32 32 85(110) 60 185 7 -
3 25 40 40 85(110) 70 245 9 5
4 32 50 50 100(110) 85 330 13 8
5 40 65 65 110 95 440 20 12
6 50 80 80 125 110 555 27 16
7 65 100 100 140 130 690 42 25
*) for the use of the pumps for the conveyance of suspensions
The above standard data are for grey cast iron or welded designs. For other materials
and/or higher pressures the data may change.
• Flange dimension according to DIN 2633;

• If other flange connections are specified, counter flanges will be delivered. In this case
the total length c varies.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

22/1
It means: A: Driving connection
B: Suction connection
C: Pressure connection (outlet piping connection)
Fig. 2.1: Dimensions of the liquid jet liquid pump type 22/1
(grey cast iron)
It means: A: Driving connection

B: Suction connection
C: Pressure connection (outlet piping connection)
Abb.2.2: Dimensions of the liquid jet liquid pump type 22/1

(welded construction)
generally for warm water heater

flow rate in m3/h 0,25 – 45 0,25 – 25
driving water pressure in bar (g) 2 – 10 0,5 - 22
feeding height in m bis 25 -
difference of circulation pressure p in mbar - bis 500
If desired, we deliver special designs for other capacities.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

22/1
2.1.5 Materials
Water jet pumps are produced in dependence on the application of the following materials
• grey cast iron

• steel with and without surface protection
• stainless steel
• other material on request
Fig. 2.3: Suction and driving water streams of the water jet pump type 22/1
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

22/1
Example:
specification:
• driving water pressure: 5,0 bar over the suction pressure
• feeding height: 14,0 m
• flow water rate: 0,75 m³/h
To determine the driving water consumption and the pump size, look for the specified point
of pressure difference on the ordinate. Cross the abscissa at the intersection point with the
operating curve for the feeding height of 14 m. Go down at this point to the flow water rate
and you find the quantity of 0,75 m³/h belonging to pump size 2. The driving water consump-
tion you will find by extending the line to the curve of driving water rate. At the intersection
point go down and you find 1,65 m³/h as corresponding driving water rate of pump size 2.
Result: driving water consumption: 1,65 m³/h

pump size: 2
Comment:
Please notice, that the curves H = constant may not be extended to the right side of the dia-
gram because of danger of cavitation.
Water jet pumps are self-priming. They may be installed in any position. The connection
pipes have to be of at least the same size as the connections of the water jet pump.
The pumps are to be started against pressure. Therefore, it is recommended to install a

throttle-valve after the water jet pump.
The cleaning of the water jet pump is effectuated by closing the throttle-valve after the
pump. The driving water flows through the suction pipe and removes impurities.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

22/1
2.2 Water jet cellar pump type 22/2
Water jet cellar pumps belong to the group of water jet pumps. Like the other water jet
pumps, static pressure energy is converted into kinetic energy and back again to static pres-
sure energy.
The water jet cellar pump sucks water up to 4,5 m. A suction pipe with a strainer is installed
on the deepest place of the cellar. It can also be installed without a suction pipe directly un-
der the water level. It is important that the suction pipe is closed after the pumping process
to prevent a re-flow from a higher vessel
A: Driving connection B: Suction connection C: Pressure connection (outlet)
Fig. 2.4: Connection of water jet cellar pump type 22/2
2.2.2 Applications
The water jet cellar pump type 22/2 is used for small capacities, e.g. for:
• draining of cellar rooms

• pumping out of foundation pits
• conveyance of dirt water/sewage
in nearly every industry water, sewage and building technology.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

22/2
size connection in inch dimensions in mm weight in kg

A B C a b c
1 ½ 1 1 35 40 130 0,6
2 ¾ 1¼ 1¼ 45 50 175 1,2
3 1¼ 2 2 60 70 250 3,0
4 1½ 2½ 2½ 70 85 320 5,2
driving water pressure

3
over suction pressure driving water consumption in m /h
in bar
size 1 size 2 size 3 size 4
1 0,34 0,76 1,7 3,8
2 0,48 1,10 2,4 5,3
3 0,60 1,32 3,0 6,5
4 0,68 1,52 3,4 7,5
5 0,76 1,70 3,8 8,4
2.2.5 Materials
• size 1 - 3: pump made of grey cast iron

driving nozzle made of plastic, brass or red cast iron
• size 4: pump made of grey cast iron
driving nozzle made of grey cast iron
• other materials on request
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

22/2
Fig. 2.5: Suction stream of cellar pump 22/2
Example:
given: driving pressure/suction pressure 3,0 bar over suction pressure

feeding height 3,8 m
3
flow water rate 2 m /h
To determine the driving water consumption and the pump size:
- look for the specified feeding height (3,8m) on the ordinate in diagram 2.5
- cross the abscissa at the intersection point with the ∆p-curve (3 bar)
- at this point go down to the flow rate 2 m³/h belongs at this point to pump size 2
- in the table item 2.2.4 you find the driving water consumption (1,32m³/h)
3
Result: pump size 2; driving water consumption 1,32 m /h
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22/2
Fig. 2.6: Installation as cellar pump
Water jet pumps are self-priming. They may be installed in any position. The connection
pipes have to be at least of the same size like section as the connections of the water jet
pump.
The pumps are to be started against pressure. Therefore, it is recommended to install a

throttle-valve after the water jet pump.
The cleaning of the water jet pump is effectuated by closing the throttle-valve after the pump.
The driving water flows through the suction pipe and removes impurities.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

22/2
2.3 Liquid jet mixer type 22/7
2.3.1 Design and principle of operating

The driving nozzle converts pressure energy to kinetic energy, similar to the water jet
pumps. The velocity of the driving stream increases and thereby generates low pressure. In
this area the jet mixer has lateral slots, where the surrounding medium is sucked in. In the
jet mixer caused by high turbulence an intensive mixing process is verified. In the following
cylindrical part of the jet mixer the velocities of driving and suction medium are homoge-
nized. The mixture leaves the jet pump through the pressure connection and mixes further
with the surrounding fluid
2.3.2 Applications
The jet mixer type 22/7 is used for mixing and circulating of fluids for different applications.
The viscosity of the circulation fluid must not be too high. Otherwise a sufficient mixing effect
can not be guaranteed. The driving medium has to be free of bigger particles, to avoid the
clogging of the driving nozzle. These ejectors are used in different vessels, basins and stor-
age tanks.
Bigger tank contents can be mixed by using several mixers, which have to be installed in a
special arrangement.
size connections DN dimensions in mm

A B a
1 25 20 150
2 32 25 190
3 40 32 250
4 50 40 300
5 65 50 410
6 80 65 500
7 100 80 620
The above mentioned data are standard dimensions. For other materials the data may
change.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

22/7
Fig. 2.7: Dimensions of liquid jet mixer
size 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
3
driving stream in m /h 2 4 8 12,5 20 32 50
up to
ratio suction stream to

driving stream
5,3 4,8 4,5 4,3 4,6 4,3 4,5
(4 bar a
driving water pressure)
2.3.5 Materials
• steel
• stainless steel

It is better to install several mixers inside a vessel to get a good mixture and homogeneity.
For high vessels/tanks it is necessary approx. 100-350 m³ content/mixer and 25-100 m³ con-
tent/mixer for vessels/tanks with low design.
Because of high turbulence the installation of the mixer should be more than 1,5 m below the
liquid level, in case the liquid tends to foam. The mixer should be installed as deep as possi-
ble to guarantee the function at low liquid levels in the vessel. The installation of the mixer is
simply flanged on the driving stream feed pipe.
Jet mixers do not need maintenance. The wear is very low, because there are no movable
parts. If the driving nozzle is clogged by bigger particles, open the flange connection be-
tween feeding pipe and jet mixer and take out the driving nozzle for cleaning.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

22/7
2.4 Water jet solid pump type 22/8
Liquid jet pumps operate with water or other liquids as driving force, the static energy of
which is converted into a kinetic energy by means of a driving nozzle and thereby generating
a high velocity. The pressure simultaneously drops to the suction condition at the outlet of
the driving nozzle now enabling the surrounding liquid or gas to become entrained and ac-
celerated. The driving and suction fluids are uniformly mixed and the velocity is reduced in
the outlet cone to convert the kinetic energy of the mixture into the required pressure energy.
Liquid jet solid pumps are designed for conveying flowable solids with a driving liquid. At the
suction connection a feeding hopper for the solids is installed. For bad flowable solids, an
additional liquid rinsing device is installed inside the hopper.
2.4.2 Applications
Liquid jet solid pumps type 22/8 are used to convey granular solids, gravel, salt, absorbent
carbon, chemical substances or ash. There are various applications in the chemical industry
(adding of additives to reactors, emptying of vessels with granular solids), in water treatment
and sewage plants (adding of precipitating substances) and also for agriculture purposes.

Liquid jet solid pumps are individually designed for all quantities to be conveyed, similar to
pump type 22/1. The following diagrams give a general view to possible capacities and di-
mensions. Available are movable as well as stationary units.
For continuously conveying of solids, a feeding hopper is fixed to guarantee a good flowable
mixture. In the hopper rinsing liquid is inserted additionally over a rinsing water connection.
The solid is bloated to a capable of flowing mixture.
Depending on the pump size, the complete apparatus has the following dimensions:
total length in mm ca. 600 – 1500

height in mm ca. 500 – 800
width in mm ca. 600 – 900

22/8
Fig.: 2.8: Liquid jet solid pump (stationary design)
The driving water feed and the mixed stream discharge can be equipped with flanges or with
a rapid screw clutch.
suction stream in t/h 1 – 15

feeding height in m 1 – 12
max. particle size in mm 4 – 12
driving water pressure in bar g 3–6
The quantity of rinsing water depends on the conditions of the solids. At smaller particles
without a tendency of baking and arching, 20% of the solid quantity is necessary.
The driving water consumption is 3 to 4 times higher than the suction quantity. The pressure
of the driving water should be 3 to 4 times higher than the feeding height.
Bigger particles with a tendency of arching need 1 to 3 parts of rinsing water for one part of
solids. So the total water consumption is much higher.

22/8
2.4.5 Materials
• Frame, hopper: steel, stainless steel

• Jet pump: grey cast iron
steel
stainless steel
Remark:
The discharge pipe of the liquid/solid mixture should have a throttle-valve. In case of a
blocked connection between hopper and the suction connection of the pipe, the throttle-valve
can be closed and the driving water cleans the suction connection.

22/8
3 Liquid jet gas pumps
3.1 Water jet vacuum pumps type 23/1
Like all jet pumps water jet pumps consist of three main parts: the driving nozzle, the mixing
nozzle and the diffusor. Due to the special contour of the driving nozzle the inlet pressure
energy is converted to kinetic energy and a subsequent increasing of the velocity. The pres-
sure simultaneously is reduced to the suction conditions. The driving and the inlet fluid are
mixed and homogenized before the mixture enters the conically shaped diffusor. With in-
creasing diameter the velocity of the stream slows down and the kinetic energy is recon-
verted to pressure energy.
Due to the special combination of the design and size of the driving nozzle, mixing part and
diffusor, the maximum efficiency for customers specified conditions is achieved. Therefore,
the liquid jet compressors differ from ventilators for their design and size of the individual
parts.
3.1.2 Applications
Standard water jet vacuum pumps type 23/1 are used to convey gas quantities up to 100
m³/h. Applications are vacuum generation and distillation, deaeration of pressure vessels
and condensers, evacuation of pipelines, impeller pumps and others more.
Water jet vacuum pumps are also used for compressing gases under atmosphere pressure
or under vacuum to a higher counter pressure.
size connections DN dimensions in mm weight in kg

A B C a b c
2 25 32 32 85 (110) 60 185 7,0
3 25 40 40 85 (110) 70 245 9,0
4 32 50 50 100 (110) 85 330 13,0
5 40 65 65 110 95 440 20,0
6 50 80 80 125 110 555 27,0
7 65 100 100 140 130 690 42,0
Flange dimensions according to DIN 2633

() for welding construction
The above listed data are standard for grey cast iron or welded design. For other materials
and/or higher pressures the data can change.
_________________________________________________________________________________________

23/1
Fig. 3.1: Dimensions of the water jet vacuum pump type 23/1 (grey cast iron)
A: Driving connection B: Suction connection C: Pressure connection
Fig. 3.2: Dimensions of the water jet vacuum pump type 23/1 (welded design)

The achievable vacuum of the water jet vacuum pump corresponds with the vapour pressure
of the driving liquid and therefore depends on the temperature. The suction pressures for
water as driving medium at various temperatures are listed in the following table:
water temperature in °C reachable suction pressure

mbar Torr
5 9,3 7,0
10 12,6 9,5
15 17,3 13,0
20 23,9 18,0
25 31,9 24,0
30 42,6 32,0
3.1.5 Materials
• grey cast iron
• steel
• stainless steel
_________________________________________________________________________________________

23/1
Data are standard values. Each liquid jet vacuum pump is designed according to customers
specification.
Fig. 3.3: Conveying quantities and driving water consumption of the water jet vacuum pump 23/1
_________________________________________________________________________________________

23/1
Fig. 3.4: Evacuation performance of water jet vacuum pump 23/1
Fig. 3.5: Suction quantity of the water jet vacuum pump type 23/1
_________________________________________________________________________________________

23/1
Fig. 3.6: Example of installation
Water jet vacuum pumps are installed with the driving connection at the top. The water-air-
mixture should stream out in an open vessel under the water-level. To prevent the water
from flowing back to the evacuated plant, a non return valve should be installed in the dis-
charge pipe. Also a loop in the suction pipe can prevent the back flow.
_________________________________________________________________________________________

23/1
Like all jet pumps water jet pumps consist of three main parts: the driving nozzle, the mixing
nozzle and the diffusor. Due to the special contour of the driving nozzle the inlet pressure is
converted to kinetic energy and a subsequent increasing of the velocity. The pressure simul-
taneously is reduced to the suction conditions. The driving and the inlet fluid are mixed and
homogenized before the mixture enters the conically shaped diffusor. With increasing di-
ameter the velocity of the stream slows down and the kinetic energy is reconverted to pres-
sure energy.
Due to the special combination of the design and size of the driving nozzle, mixing part and
diffusor, the maximum efficiency for customers specified conditions is achieved. Therefore,
the liquid jet compressors differ from ventilators for their design and size of the individual
parts.
3.2.2 Applications
Water jet vacuum pumps types 23/2 are used to convey small gas quantities, e.g. in labora-
tories.
The water jet pump is delivered with screw connections.
size connections in inch dimensions in mm weight in kg

A B C a b c
1 ½“ 1“ 1“ 35 65 155 0,7
2 ½“ 1“ 1“ 35 65 155 0,7
3 ¾“ 1 ¼“ 1 ¼“ 45 80 205 1,3
4 ¾“ 1 ¼“ 1 ¼“ 45 80 205 1,3
The above mentioned data are for grey cast iron. For other materials the data can change.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

23/2
Fig. 3.7: Dimensions of the water jet pump type 23/2

The achievable vacuum of the water jet vacuum pump corresponds with the vapour pressure
of the driving liquid and therefore depends on the temperature. The suction pressure for wa-
ter as driving medium at various temperatures is listed in the following table:
water temperature in °C reachable suction pressure

mbar Torr
5 9,3 7,0
10 12,6 9,5
15 17,3 13,0
20 23,9 18,0
25 31,9 24,0
30 42,6 32,0
3.2.5 Materials
• grey cast iron
• special materials on request
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

23/2
Fig. 3.8: Suction stream and driving water consumption of the water jet vacuum pump 23/2
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

23/2
Fig.: 3.9: Installation of the water jet vacuum pump type 23/2
Water jet vacuum pumps are installed with the driving connection at the top. The water-air-
mixture should stream out in an open vessel under the water-level. To prevent the water
from flowing back to the evacuated plant, a non return valve should be installed in the dis-
charge pipe. Also a loop in the suction pipe can prevent the back flow.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

23/2
3.3 Liquid jet ventilator type 23/5
Liquid jet ventilators are designed for large gas flows at a small compression ratio. The liquid
driving jet is evenly sprayed into a straight tube by means of an axially arranged driving noz-
zle and is thereby dispersed into single droplets. Air and gas entrained and conveyed by the
pushing force of these droplets come into an intensive contact resulting in a scrubbing effect.
A chemical reaction is also possible.
3.3.2 Applications
Liquid jet ventilators are used for the suction of high gas quantities below atmosphere. The
pressure increase between suction and discharge pressure is approx. 15 mbar. Applications
are in the chemical and pharmaceutical industry, refineries and tank storages.
Liquid jet ventilators are often used as gas scrubbers. After the ventilator, normally a separa-
tor and a counter current washer are installed. In many cases the driving medium is an ab-
sorbent with the effect of a preliminary purification of the gas in the ventilator.
Further information please find in our leaflet “Gas Scrubber”.
size connections DN dimensions in mm

A B C a b c
1 40 65 65 135 135 1000
2 40 80 80 180 140 1300
3 40 100 100 180 120 1600
4 50 125 125 180 200 1900
5 50 150 150 200 180 2200
6 50 200 200 220 180 2600
7 80 250 250 250 200 3000
8 80 300 300 300 230 3300
9 100 350 350 350 260 3500
10 100 400 400 400 300 4000
11 125 500 500 500 350 4500
12 150 600 600 600 400 4800
13 200 700 700 700 450 5000
14 200 800 800 800 500 5300
15 250 1000 1000 1000 600 5500
The above mentioned data are standard data. At other materials and/or higher pressures
the data can change.
__________________________________________________________________________________________

23/5
Fig. 3.10: Dimensions of the liquid jet ventilator type 23/5
size pressure in bar (g) at nozzle A

1,0 1,5 2,0 2,5 3,0 3,5 4,0 4,5 5,0 5,5 6,0
driving water consumption m3/h
1 0,7 0,9 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5 1,6 1,7 1,8
2 0,9 1,1 1,3 1,5 1,6 1,7 1,8 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3
3 1,4 1,7 2,0 2,3 2,5 2,6 2,8 3,0 3,2 3,3 3,5
4 2,0 2,4 2,8 3,2 3,5 3,8 4,0 4,2 4,5 4,7 4,9
5 3,2 3,9 4,6 5,1 5,6 6,0 6,4 6,8 7,5 7,5 7,9
6 6,3 7,7 8,9 10,0 10,9 11,8 12,6 13,4 14,1 14,8 15,4
7 9,9 12,2 14,0 15,7 17,2 18,6 19,9 21,1 22,2 23,3 24,3
8 14,3 17,5 20,2 22,5 24,7 26,7 28,5 30,2 31,9 33,4 34,9
9 19,3 23,7 27,4 30,6 33,5 36,2 38,7 41,0 43,3 45,4 47,4
10 25,0 30,7 35,4 39,6 43,4 48,8 50,0 53,1 56,0 58,7 61,5
11 38,3 47,5 55,0 61,4 67,2 72,6 77,6 82,5 87,0 91,0 95,0
12 50,0 61,5 71,0 79,0 87,0 94,0 100,0 106,0 112,0 118,0 123,0
13 67,5 83,0 95,0 107,0 117,0 126,0 135,0 143,0 151,0 158,0 165,0
14 87,5 107,0 123,0 138,0 151,0 163,0 175,0 185,0 195,0 205,0 214,0
15 137,0 168,0 194,0 217,0 237,0 256,0 274,0 290,0 306,0 321,0 335,0
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23/5
3.3.5 Materials
• steel with and without corrosion protection
• stainless steel
Fig. 3.11: Pressing and suction stream of the liquid jet ventilator type 23/5
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23/5
The performance diagram shows the correlation between the suction stream and the
achievable pressure increase at different operation water pressures. The optimum-curve
shows the best efficiency. The required performance data (driving liquid flow) as well as the
technical data for the standard-sizes are to be found in the tables.
Liquid jet ventilators for operation conditions outside of the characteristic curves can be de-
signed on request.
Example:
given data:
• driving water pressure 2,5 bar g

• suction stream 160 m³/h
• desired pressing 6 mbar
To determine the pump size, look for the given pressure difference in diagram 3.11 and
cross the abscissa until you reach the intersection point with the driving pressure isobar (2,5
3
bar g). Go down at this point to the suction stream of 160 m /h. This stream belongs to pump
3
size 2. In the table (item 3.3.4) you will find a driving water stream of 1,5 m /h at pump size 2
and a driving water pressure of 2,5 bar g.
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23/5
4 Steam jet liquid pump
4.1 Steam jet liquid pumps type 12/1 for water (high discharge pressures)
Steam jet liquid pumps are driven by water steam. The driving nozzle converts the static
pressure energy to kinetic energy. The velocity of the driving medium increases and after the
nozzle is the lowest pressure value. At this part of the jet pump is the liquid suction medium
inlet. The driving and suction medium are mixed by impulse exchange and the steam con-
denses during this process. In the diffuser the velocity of the mixed flow decreases and the
kinetic energy is reconverted to pressure energy.
The pressure of suction and discharge depends on the liquid temperature, the driving steam
o
pressure and the jet pump design. At liquid temperature of less than 20 C, the performance
of the steam jet pump will decrease. The temperature of the suction flow should be about
30K lower than the boiling temperature, corresponding to the suction pressure.
4.1.2 Applications
Steam jet liquid pumps type 12/1 are used for high discharge pressures. The suction height
is very low (approx. 1m). Applications are conveying of water, mainly in cases the water is to
be warmed up at the same time. Also corrosive liquids, muddy liquids, sewage and suspen-
sions are conveyed. The pumps are installed in the chemical and pharmaceutical industry,
used in shipyards and the building industry.

A B C a b c
1 20 25 25 80 (110) 60 160 5,5
2 25 32 32 85 (110) 60 185 7,0
3 25 40 40 85 (110) 70 245 9,0
4 32 50 50 110 85 330 13,0
5 40 65 65 110 95 440 20,0
6 50 80 80 125 110 555 27,0
7 65 100 100 140 130 690 42,0
The above standard data are for grey cast iron. For a welding design in steel or stainless
steel and other materials, the dimensions may differ.
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12/1
Fig. 4.1: Dimensions of the steam jet liquid pump for water type 12/1 (grey cast iron)
Fig. 4.2: Dimensions of the steam jet liquid pump for water type 12/1 (welded design)
4.1.4 Materials
• grey cast iron

• stainless steel
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12/1
Fig. 4.3: Suction stream and steam consumption of the steam jet liquid pump type 12/1
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

12/1
Note:
Steam jet liquid pumps have to be installed in a way that the suction pipe is absolutely tight.
Foot valves are not necessary. Narrowly bended elbows or pipe reducing parts in the steam,
liquid and discharge pipes have to be avoided.
For longer pipe lines, the pipe diameter should be wider than the connection of the jet pump.
Before installation all pipes should be blown to prevent clogging. Although the jet pumps are
not very sensitive, it is recommended to install a strainer to catch bigger particles out of the
fluid.
Dry saturated steam is best for the operation. The capacity of the jet pumps can decrease by
using superheated steam. Steam pipe insulation and a dewatering device should be pro-
vided for.
o
The capacities in the diagram correspond to the conveying of water at 20 C. The tempera-
o
ture should not be higher than 60 C, because the steam has to condensate.
The jet pumps are self-priming and can be installed in any position. Steam jet liquid pumps
can not be driven by air. Since the air does not condense, there is only a spraying effect.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

12/1
4.2 Steam jet universal pumps type 12/2 for water (low suction pressures)
Steam jet liquid pumps are driven by water steam. The driving nozzle converts the static
pressure energy to kinetic energy. The velocity of the driving medium increases and after the
nozzle is the lowest pressure value. At this part of the jet pump is the liquid suction medium
inlet. The driving and suction medium are mixed by impulse exchange and the steam con-
denses during this process. In the diffuser the velocity of the mixed flow decreases and the
kinetic energy is reconverted to pressure energy.
The pressure of suction and discharge depends on the liquid temperature, the driving steam
o
pressure and the jet pump design. At liquid temperature of less than 20 C, the performance
of the steam jet pump will decrease. The temperature of the suction flow should be about 30
K lower than the boiling temperature, corresponding to the suction pressure.
4.2.2 Applications
Steam jet liquid pumps type 12/2 are used for higher suction heights. The discharge pres-
sures are much lower than the discharge pressure of type 12/1. Steam jet liquid pumps type
12/1 are used for higher discharge pressures. The suction height is very low (approx. 1m).
Applications are conveying of water, mainly in cases the water is to be warmed up at the
same time. Also corrosive liquids, muddy liquids, sewage and suspensions are conveyed.
The pumps are installed in the chemical and pharmaceutical industry, used in shipyards and
the building industry.

A B C a b c
1 20 25 25 80 (110) 60 160 5,5
2 25 32 32 85 (110) 60 185 7,0
3 25 40 40 85 (110) 70 245 9,0
4 32 50 50 110 85 330 13,0
5 40 65 65 110 95 440 20,0
6 50 80 80 125 110 555 27,0
7 65 100 100 140 130 690 42,0
The above mentioned standard data are for grey cast iron. The values in brackets are for a
welding design in steel or stainless steel and other materials.
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12/2
Fig. 4.4: Dimensions of the steam jet universal pump type 12/2 (grey cast iron)
Fig. 4.5: Dimensions of the steam jet universal pump type 12/2 (welding design)
4.2.4 Materials
• grey cast iron

• stainless steel
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12/2
Fig. 4.6: Suction stream and steam consumption of the steam jet universal pump type 12/2
__________________________________________________________________________________________

12/2
Note:
Steam jet liquid pumps have to be installed in a way that the suction pipe is absolutely tight.
Foot valves are not necessary. Narrowly bended elbows or pipe reducing parts in the steam,
liquid and discharge pipes have to be avoided.
For longer pipe lines, the pipe diameter should be wider than the connection of the jet pump.
Before installation all pipes should be blown to prevent clogging. Although the jet pumps are
not very sensitive, it is recommended to install a strainer to catch bigger particles out of the
fluid.
Dry saturated steam is best for the operation. The capacity of the jet pumps can decrease by
using superheated steam. Steam pipe insulation and a dewatering device should be pro-
vided for.
o
The capacities in the diagram correspond to the conveying of water at 20 C. The tempera-
o
ture should not be higher than 60 C, because the steam has to condensate.
The jet pumps are self-priming and can be installed in any position. Steam jet liquid pumps
can not be driven by air. Since the air does not condense, there is only a spraying effect.
__________________________________________________________________________________________

12/2
5. Steam jet heater
5.1 Steam jet heater type 12/3 for installation on vessels
Steam jet heaters are used for the direct heating of liquids with steam. This kind of steam jet
heater has an axial steam feed and the liquid laterally enters the suction connection. The
steam condenses instantly when contacting the liquid.
Because of high velocities and a stationary flow profile, the steam condenses without the
normal noises. If the liquid temperature reaches more than 80% of the boiling temperature
an uncontrolled condensation of the steam occurs, resulting in higher noises. To prevent this
problem, air can be released through an additional connection.
5.1.2 Applications
Steam jet heaters 12/3 are designed for installation on vessels and tanks. They heat and
circulate the liquid at the same time.
Steam jet heaters are used in all processes, where liquids have to be heated and where the
direct contact between steam and liquid is no problem.
size connections DN dimensions in mm weight

in kg
A B C D a b c
1 15 40 40 G ⅛“ 110 160 220 7,5
2 20 50 50 G ⅛“ 110 170 240 11
3 25 65 65 G ¼“ 110 230 310 17
4 32 100 100 G ¼“ 115 265 360 22
5 40 125 125 G ¼“ 135 345 460 35
6 50 150 150 G ⅜“ 160 465 600 50
Flange dimensions according to DIN 2633.
The above data are standard dimensions, which can change for other materials or special
designs.
__________________________________________________________________________________________

12/3
A: Steam feed B: Cold liquid feed C: Warm liquid discharge D: Air feed
Fig. 5.1: Dimensions of the steam jet heater type 12/3
size heat capacity at a steam pressure of 3 bar g

kcal/h kW
1 50.000 58
2 100.000 116
3 200.000 232
4 300.000 349
5 500.000 581
6 750.000 872
For other steam pressures, the heating performance can be determined by multiplying the
heating capacity with a factor found by the following curve:
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12/3
5.1.5 Materials
• steel
• stainless steel
Fig. 5.2: Installation of the steam jet heater type 12/3
Steam jet heaters types 12/3 are to be installed at vessels. A free circulation flow should be
possible.
The jet heaters are equipped with a nozzle for air feed at higher temperatures. The air feed-
ing pipe or tube should end above the liquid level.
An air regulation valve should be installed in the pipe.
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12/3
5.2 Steam jet heater type 12/4 for installation in vessels
problem, air can be released in through an additional connection.
5.2.2 Applications
Steam jet heaters 12/4 are designed for installation inside of vessels and tanks. They heat
and circulate the liquid at the same time.
Size 0 to 4 have screw connections and can be connected directly with the steam feed pipe.
The other sizes are designed for flange connections inside of vessels and tanks (see also
drawing 5.4).
Steam jet heaters are used in all processes, where liquids have to be heated and where the
direct contact between steam and liquid is no problem.
size connections DN/inch dimensions in mm weight in kg

steam A air B a b c
0 G ⅜“ G ⅛“ 170 45 25 0,5
1 G ½“ G ⅛“ 255 60 30 1,5
2 G ¾“ G ⅛“ 275 75 40 2,2
3 G 1“ G ¼“ 350 85 50 4,5
4 G 1¼“ G ¼“ 410 100 60 6,0
5 DN40 G ¼“ 460 150 75 12,0
6 DN50 G ⅜“ 510 165 80 14,0
7 DN65 G ⅜“ 570 185 90 16,0
Flange dimensions according to DIN 2633.
The above data are standard dimensions. For other materials and/or special designs the
data can change.
__________________________________________________________________________________________

12/4
size 0 to 4
size 5 to 7
A: Driving connection B: Air feed
size heat performance at 3 bar g in

kcal/h kW
0 25.000 29
1 50.000 58
2 100.000 116
3 200.000 232
4 300.000 349
5 500.000 581
6 750.000 872
7 1.000.000 1.163
The reachable heating performance can be determined by means of conversion factor. The
conversion factor is determined by diagram with really motive steam pressure.
The heating performance can be determined by multiplying the heating capacity with a factor
found by the following curve:
__________________________________________________________________________________________

12/4
Example: the really heat capacity of heater size 2 is sought at a motive pressure of
5 bar g
Result: factor from diagram 5 bar g: 1,5

really heat capacity for size 2: 116 kW x 1,5 = 174 kW
5.2.5 Materials
• steel
• stainless steel
• special materials on request
Steam jet heaters type 12/4 are to be installed horizontally. At tall vessels it can be placed
vertically. It is to be made certain that the stream in the vessel is not obstructed by internals.
ing pipe or tube should end above the liquid level.
An air regulation valve should be installed in the pipe.
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12/4
5.3 Steam jet heater type 12/5 for exhaust steam
problem, air can be released in through an additional connection.
5.3.2 Applications
Steam jet heater type 12/5 are designed for installation inside of tanks or vessels and speci-
fied for exhaust or waste steam with a pressure of less than 1 bar g.
They are used for heating and circulating of liquids in vessels, mainly to recover the latent
heat of the exhaust or waste steam.
size connections dimensions in mm weight in kg

steam A air B a b c
1
1 DN32 G /8“ 240 140 45 2,5
1
2 DN50 G /8“ 310 165 57 4,0
3
3 DN65 G /8“ 370 185 64 5,5
The above data are standard dimensions, which can change for other materials or special
designs.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

12/5
5.3.4 Materials
• steel
• stainless steel
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

12/5
Diagram 5.7: Steam consumption and heat capacity of the steam jet heater 12/5
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12/5
motive steam pressure p in bar g maximum counter pressure p in bar g
0,1 0,04
0,2 0,05
0,3 0,07
0,4 0,10
0,5 0,10
0,6 0,10
0,7 0,10
0,8 0,10
0,9 0,10
1,0 0,10
Please find the steam consumption and the heat capacity in diagram 5.7. The counter pres-
sure must not be higher than indicated in the above table.
Steam jet heaters type 12/5 are to be installed horizontally. A free circulation flow should be
possible.
ing pipe or tube should end above the liquid level. An air regulation valve should be installed
in the pipe.
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12/5
5.4 Steam jet heater type 12/6 for installation in pipelines
Steam jet heaters type 12/6 are designed for installation in pipelines. The cold medium is fed
axially and accelerated in a centrally arranged jet pipe. The steam enters the jet pipe through
bores and condenses instantly in the liquid.
There is no pressure loss in the liquid. Depending on the value of the heating steam pres-
sure and the ∆ p, a pressure increase is possible. The special design of the steam jet heater
allows using steam with a lower static pressure than the liquid pressure for the heating proc-
ess.
Steam jet heaters type 12/6 are mainly delivered in grey cast iron for small capacities and in
welding design for higher capacities. The steam jet heater has connections for a thermome-
ter and for dewatering.
5.4.2 Applications
Steam jet heaters type 12/6 are used in all processes, where liquids are directly heated with
steam in pipes.

A B C a b c
0 32 25 25 70 95 185 6
1 40 32 32 85 120 225 9
2 50 40 40 100 115 245 14
3 65 50 50 110 120 300 18
4 80 65 65 125 130 380 23
5 80 65 65 140 140 425 28
6 80 80 80 120 190 450 35
7 100 100 100 150 200 550 45
8 125 125 125 180 230 700 70
9 150 150 150 200 260 800 80
10 200 200 200 250 285 1000 130
11 250 250 250 370 285 1200 160
12 300 300 300 425 335 1400 250
13 350 350 350 550 415 1700 400
14 400 400 400 600 450 2100 540
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12/6
A: Steam feed B: Cold water feed C: Hot water discharge
The above mentioned dimensions are standard dimensions. These can diverge from some
other materials.
5.4.4 Materials
• steel
• stainless steel
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

12/6
Fig. 5.9: Size selection for type 12/6
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

12/6
Example:
given data:
3
Water quantity W: 7,6 m /h
Heating rate ∆T: 20 K
Water pre-pressure: 3 bar g
Look for the intersection point of the isobar for the water pre-pressure (3 bar g) with the ∆T
3
(20 K) in diagram 5.9. Go down at this point to the required water quantity (7,6 m /h) and you
will find pump size 2. Also from the intersection point of the isobar and the isotherm cross
the abscissa and you will find the steam pressure on the left side of the diagram (1,4 bar g).
The intersection point of the isobar and the isotherm shows also the required water counter
pressure (3 bar g).
The steam consumption D can be calculated as follows:
D = 1,67 x W x ∆T D… kg/h (steam consumption)

W… m³/h (to warm up quantity of water)
∆T… K (to reaching temperature increasing)
0
The data in diagram 5.9 correspond to a water inlet temperature of 20 C.
0
At temperatures of maximum 50 C the water quantity is reduced by 20 %.
In the mixing nozzle exists a pressure near the cavitation area. The counter pressure must
not be lower than the counter pressures in diagram 5.9.
For other operation conditions than presented in the diagram, the steam jet heaters are de-
signed individually.
Steam jet heaters type 12/6 are preferable to install in horizontally position. Should a vertical
installation be necessary absolute we offer a special construction.
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12/6
6 Steam jet ejector and steam jet compressor
6.1 One-stage steam jet vacuum pumps
Steam jet vacuum pumps and steam jet compressors are the most widely used types of jet
pumps. The driving medium is water steam (saturated or superheated). The driving steam
travels through the driving nozzle, which has a Laval-shaped contour to generate supersonic
speed by converting the steam pressure to kinetic energy and the corresponding low pres-
sure at the outlet. At this part of the pump any kind of vapour or gas is entrained, intensively
mixed with the driving medium and accelerated in the mixing nozzle. The velocity of the
mixed flow is firstly reduced by a shockwave and further on in the outlet cone after the throat
of the mixing nozzle to the required counterpressure and the kinetic energy is reconverted to
pressure energy.
Steam jet vacuum pumps can be designed for any intake flows. If the necessary pressure
increase is to high, multistage vacuum pumps with and without inter condensation are used.
Steam jet pumps are designed individually. An optional efficiency with minimum motive
steam consumption also with multistage units is achieved.
One-stage and multistage jet pumps with and without inter condensation are demonstrated
in our separate folder “Steam jet air pumps and steam jet vacuum pumps”.
6.1.2 Applications
One-stage steam jet vacuum pumps are used for deaeration of pumps and suction and si-
phon pipes, for evacuation of apparatuses and vessels working under vacuum and for vac-
uum filtration as well as vapour compressors.
6.1.3 Technical data for steam jet ejector/compressor up to DN 300

A B C a b c
1 20 25 25 110 60 165 7
2 20 32 32 110 60 260 7
3 20 40 40 110 70 335 8
4 20 50 50 110 85 430 10
5 20 65 65 110 95 590 11
6 20 80 80 125 110 850 13
7 20 100 100 150 130 950 20
8 50 125 125 150 130 1150 36
9 65 150 150 175 130 1380 53
10 80 200 200 200 160 1685 82
11 125 250 250 250 185 2235 118
12 125 300 300 300 220 2600 158
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

LS
The above data are standard dimensions. For other materials and/or higher pressures the
data can change.
Dimensions for major steam jet compressors on request
Fig. 6.1: Dimensions of the steam jet ejectors and compressors
6.1.4 Materials
• steel
• stainless steel
6.2 Adjustable steam jet pumps
If jet pumps should be used with different load points, a regulation is necessary to align the
characteristic lines of jet pump to unit characteristic line.
By means of characteristic line of jet pumps the behaviour with load change should be ob-
served to better understanding of different regulation possibilities:
6.2.1 Characteristic lines of jet pumps

There are two characteristic lines at jet pumps, the suction line and the limiting counter pres-
sure characteristic line unlike to mechanical driven pumps.
Each suction stream can be associated a suction pressure and a limiting counter pressure.
The ejector operates steadily, if the pressure in the space, in which streams the compressed
mixture, is not higher than the limiting counter pressure.
If the limiting counter pressure is exceeded, the suction stream is dropped.
If the motive steam pressure is increase from p1 to p2, only the limiting counter pressure is
raised clearly. The action of the motive steam pressure to the suction pressure remains lowly
with given geometry of driving nozzle.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

LS
C h a ra c te ris tic lin e s te a m je t e je c to r
(p 1 < p 2 )
Suction mass flow
S u c tio n p re s s u re a t p 1
D is c h a rg e p re s s . a t p 1
S u c tio n p re s s u re a t p 2
D is c h a rg e p re s s . a t p 2
S u c tio n p re s s u re , d is c h a rg e p re s s u re
Fig. 6.2: Characteristic line of steam jet ejector and compressor
6.2.2 Regulation strategies
6.2.2.1 Regulation of motive steam pressure
The driving pressure regulation enabled the adjustment of ejector at unsteady counter pres-
sures.
Causes for variable pressure changes could be:
− from outside impressed pressure variations in apparatus, into which the mixture leaks
out, by varying cooling water temperatures in condensers
− variable suction streams which cause changes of suction pressure and counter pres-
sure
The counter pressure is measured behind the ejector. A butterfly valve in the driving steam
line is an actuator. It is activated by a ratio control.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

LS
Motive steam
Suction stream
Fig. 6.3: Motive steam pressure regulation
The limiting counter pressure of ejector is kept shortly over the counter pressure in the fol-
lowing apparatus. Therefore it is a steam saving regulation.
6.2.2.2 Nozzle needle regulation
The nozzle needle regulation causes the same effect as the regulation of the driving steam
pressure. But there is an additional steam saving, because the driving steam in the jet pump
is available with full pressure.
With the nozzle needle regulation the cross section of the driving nozzle is modified by one
into this needle rising up inside. So the motive steam throughput at constant steam pressure
is controlled.
The axial displacement of the nozzle needle is realized by an electrical or pneumatic actua-
tor. The motive steam supply must effect radially.
Fig. 6.4: Steam jet ejector with drive assembly to nozzle needle regulation
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

LS
6.2.2.3 Bypass regulation
If the suction pressure is kept constantly at variable suction streams, a steam pressure or
nozzle needle regulation can be used. Since the limiting counter pressure must be crossed,
the ejector can be unstable.
A safety regulation is possible with a bypass guide of a particle of mixing stream from the
counter pressure side to the suction side of ejector.
When it should be process engineering possible and favourable leak air or steam at the suc-
tion side of the ejector can be absorbed alternatively. In both cases the suction stream is
raised at falling suction pressure by the bypass regulation. So the ejector characteristic line
is raised.
Motive steam
Suction stream
Fig. 6.5: Suction pressure regulation using bypass
The bypass regulation is realized by installation a pressure regulating valve with constant set
point in the bypass line (resp. leak air supply). It opened the bypass or leak air valve if the
pressure set point is fallen below.
The maximum possible bypass stream is about 150% of suction stream.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

LS
7 Gas jet gas pumps
With the gas jet pumps a pressurised gas is discharged over the driving connection. The
driving nozzle converts the static pressure energy to kinetic energy. The velocity of the
driving medium increases and after the nozzle is the lowest pressure value. At this part the
gas is supplied. The driving and suction gases are mixed by impulse exchange. In the
diffuser the velocity of the mixed flow decreases and the kinetic energy is reconverted to
pressure energy.
Gas jet gas pumps are classified depending on goal:

• Gas jet compressor; gas jet vacuum pumps
compress the suction medium with a major compression ratio.
Gas jet compressors creates a mixed gas with over pressure; gas jet vacuum pumps
sucks in a gas with low pressure and creates a vacuum
• Gas jet ventilators
conveying of major quantities with small pressure increases
7.2 Applications
The action of gas jet gas pumps should be checked, if
- gases should be mixed together
- a driving medium is available competitive
- - discharge processes proceed intermittently and a driving gas (e.g. compressed air) is
available
- specified discharge processes are to be protected for safety reasons also with failure of
feed of electrical energy
Typical applications operational areas are:

Gas economy: - mixing of fuel gas among one another
- feed and condense of natural gases
- mixing of fuel gas with air before burning
Chemical industry: - starting evacuation of reactors and pipe lines, e.g.
evacuation of suction pipes of non self-priming pumps
Vakuum engineering: - intensification of vacuum before liquid ring pump by super-

position of a gas jet vacuum pump working with ambient air
Safety technology: - aeration or deaeration of explosion-danger spaces

- ventilation at power failure
Gas jet gas pumps are designed and manufactured individually according to the function.
___________________________________________________________________________
Gaga
7.3 Technical data for gas jet ejector up to DN 300

A B C a b c
1 20 25 25 110 60 165 7
2 20 32 32 110 60 260 7
3 20 40 40 110 70 335 8
4 20 50 50 110 85 430 10
5 20 65 65 110 95 590 11
6 20 80 80 125 110 850 13
7 20 100 100 150 130 950 20
8 50 125 125 150 130 1150 36
9 65 150 150 175 130 1380 53
10 80 200 200 200 160 1685 82
11 125 250 250 250 185 2235 118
12 125 300 300 300 220 2600 158
The above data are standard dimensions. For other materials and/or higher pressures the
data can change.
Dimensions for major apparatuses on request
Fig. 7.1: Dimensions of gas jet ejector
7.4 Materials
• steel
• stainless steel
The regulation of gas jet pumps occurs analogous of steam jet pumps (article 6.2).
___________________________________________________________________________
Gaga
Annex 1
Water steam table
Water steam table 1 - 100 bara

State of saturation
p δ v" h" ∆hv ws ms p δ v" h" ∆hv ws ms
bar °C m³/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg m/s kg/s m² bar °C m³/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg m/s kg/s m²
1,0 99,6 1,6940 2675,4 2257,9 424 154 9,0 175,4 0,2148 2772,1 2029,5 453 1301
1,1 102,3 1,5490 2679,6 2250,8 426 169 9,2 176,3 0,2104 2773,0 2026,2 454 1329
1,2 104,8 1,4280 2683,4 2244,1 427 184 9,4 177,2 0,2061 2773,8 2023,0 454 1357
1,3 107,1 1,3250 2687,0 2237,8 428 199 9,6 178,1 0,2020 2774,6 2019,8 454 1386
1,4 109,3 1,2360 2690,3 2231,9 429 214 9,8 179,0 0,1981 2775,4 2016,7 454 1414
1,5 111,4 1,1590 2693,4 2226,2 430 229 10,0 179,9 0,1943 2776,2 2013,6 455 1442
1,6 113,3 1,0910 2696,2 2220,9 431 243 10,5 182,0 0,1855 2778,0 2005,9 455 1512
1,7 115,2 1,0310 2699,0 2215,7 432 258 11,0 184,1 0,1774 2779,7 1998,5 455 1583
1,8 116,9 0,9772 2701,5 2210,8 432 273 11,5 186,1 0,1700 2781,3 1991,3 456 1653
1,9 118,6 0,9290 2704,0 2206,1 433 287 12,0 188,0 0,1632 2782,7 1984,3 456 1724
2,0 120,2 0,8854 2706,3 2201,6 434 302 12,5 189,1 0,1569 2784,1 1977,4 457 1794
2,1 121,8 0,8459 2708,5 2197,2 435 317 13,0 191,6 0,1511 2785,4 1970,7 457 1864
2,2 123,3 0,8098 2710,6 2193,0 435 331 13,5 193,4 0,1457 2786,6 1964,2 457 1935
2,3 124,7 0,7768 2712,6 2188,9 436 346 14,0 195,0 0,1407 2787,8 1957,7 458 2005
2,4 126,1 0,7465 2714,5 2184,9 436 360 14,5 196,7 0,1360 2788,9 1951,4 458 2075
2,5 127,4 0,7184 2716,4 2181,0 437 375 15,0 198,3 0,1317 2789,9 1945,2 458 2145
2,6 128,7 0,6925 2718,2 2177,3 438 389 15,5 199,9 0,1275 2790,8 1939,2 458 2216
2,7 130,0 0,6684 2719,9 2173,6 438 404 16,0 201,4 0,1237 2791,7 1933,2 459 2286
2,8 131,2 0,6460 2721,5 2170,1 439 418 16,5 202,9 0,1201 2792,6 1927,3 459 2356
2,9 132,4 0,6251 2723,1 2166,6 439 433 17,0 204,3 0,1166 2793,4 1921,5 459 2427
3,0 133,5 0,6056 2724,7 2163,2 440 447 18 207,1 0,1103 2794,8 1910,3 459 2568
3,1 134,7 0,5872 2726,1 2159,9 440 462 19 209,8 0,1047 2796,1 1899,3 460 2708
3,2 135,8 0,5700 2727,6 2156,7 440 476 20 212,4 0,0995 2797,2 1888,6 460 2849
3,3 136,8 0,5538 2729,0 2153,5 441 491 21 214,9 0,0949 2798,2 1878,2 460 2990
3,4 137,9 0,5385 2730,3 2150,4 441 505 22 217,2 0,0907 2799,1 1868,1 460 3131
3,5 138,9 0,5240 2731,6 2147,4 442 519 23 219,6 0,0868 2799,8 1858,2 461 3272
3,6 139,9 0,5103 2732,9 2144,4 442 534 24 221,8 0,0832 2800,4 1848,5 461 3414
3,7 140,8 0,4974 2734,1 2141,4 442 548 25 223,9 0,0799 2800,9 1839,0 461 3555
3,8 141,8 0,4851 2735,3 2138,6 443 563 26 226,0 0,0769 2801,4 1829,6 461 3697
3,9 142,7 0,4734 2736,5 2135,7 443 577 27 228,1 0,0740 2801,7 1820,5 461 3839
4,0 143,6 0,4622 2737,6 2133,0 443 591 28 230,1 0,07139 2802,0 1811,5 461 3981
4,1 144,5 0,4516 2738,7 2130,2 444 606 30 233,8 0,06663 2802,3 1793,9 461 4265
4,2 145,4 0,4415 2739,8 2127,5 444 620 32 237,5 0,06244 2802,3 1776,9 461 4550
4,3 146,3 0,4318 2740,9 2124,9 444 634 34 240,9 0,05873 2802,1 1760,3 461 4836
4,4 147,1 0,4226 2741,9 2122,3 445 649 36 244,2 0,05541 2801,7 1744,2 461 5123
4,5 147,9 0,4138 2742,9 2119,7 445 663 38 247,3 0,05244 2801,1 1728,4 460 5411
4,6 148,7 0,4053 2743,9 2117,2 445 677 40 250,3 0,04975 2800,3 1712,9 460 5699
4,7 149,5 0,3972 2744,8 2114,7 446 691 42 253,2 0,04731 2799,4 1697,8 460 5989
4,8 150,3 0,3894 2745,7 2112,2 446 706 44 256,1 0,04508 2798,3 1682,9 459 6279
4,9 151,1 0,3819 2746,6 2109,8 446 720 46 258,8 0,04304 2797,0 1668,3 459 6571
5,0 151,8 0,3747 2747,5 2107,4 446 734 48 261,4 0,04116 2795,7 1653,9 458 6864
5,2 153,3 0,3611 2749,3 2102,7 447 763 50 263,9 0,03943 2794,2 1639,7 458 7157
5,4 154,8 0,3485 2750,9 2098,1 447 791 52 266,4 0,03782 2792,6 1625,7 457 7453
5,6 156,2 0,3367 2752,5 2093,7 448 820 54 268,8 0,03633 2790,8 1611,9 457 7749
5,8 157,5 0,3257 2754,0 2089,3 448 848 56 271,1 0,03495 2789,0 1598,2 456 8045
6,0 158,8 0,3155 2755,5 2085,0 449 877 58 273,4 0,03365 2787,0 1584,7 456 8345
6,2 160,1 0,3059 2756,9 2080,8 449 905 60 275,6 0,03244 2785,0 1571,3 455 8644
6,4 161,4 0,2968 2758,2 2076,8 449 933 62 277,7 0,03130 2782,9 1558,0 454 8946
6,6 162,6 0,2883 2759,5 2072,7 450 962 64 279,8 0,03023 2780,6 1544,9 454 9248
6,8 163,8 0,2803 2760,8 2068,8 450 990 66 281,8 0,02922 2778,3 1531,9 453 9552
7,0 165,0 0,2727 2762,0 2064,9 451 1018 68 283,8 0,02827 2775,9 1518,9 452 9858
7,2 166,1 0,2655 2763,2 2061,1 451 1047 70 285,8 0,02737 2773,5 1506,0 451 10165
7,4 167,2 0,2587 2764,3 2057,4 451 1075 72 287,7 0,02652 2770,9 1493,3 451 10473
7,6 168,3 0,2522 2765,4 2053,7 451 1103 76 291,4 0,02495 2765,5 1467,9 449 11093
7,8 169,4 0,2461 2766,4 2050,1 452 1132 80 295,0 0,02353 2759,9 1442,8 447 11720
8,0 170,4 0,2403 2767,5 2046,5 452 1160 84 298,4 0,02223 2754,0 1417,9 446 12355
8,2 171,4 0,2347 2768,5 2043,0 452 1188 88 301,7 0,02105 2747,8 1393,2 444 12996
8,4 172,5 0,2294 2769,4 2039,6 453 1216 92 304,9 0,01996 2741,4 1368,6 442 13646
8,6 173,4 0,2243 2770,4 2036,2 453 1245 96 308,0 0,01897 2734,7 1344,1 440 14298
8,8 174,4 0,2195 2771,3 2032,8 453 1273 100 311,0 0,01804 2727,7 1319,7 438 14965
09.05.2006
Steam table ANA-Verfahrenstechnik GmbH
Annex 2
Conversion table
N kg kg ⋅ m J kg ⋅ m
1Pa = 1 =1 1J = 1 Ws = 1W=1 =1
m m⋅s s s s
Pressure bar Pa at Torr psi

1 bar 1 5 1,020 750,1 14,5
10
1Pa −5 1 −5 −3 −4
10 1 020⋅10 7 501⋅10 1 450⋅10
1 at 0,9807 4 1 735,6 14,22
9 807 ⋅10
1 Torr −3 −3 1 −2
1 333⋅10 133,3 1 360 ⋅10 1 934⋅10
1 psi −2 3 −2 51,71 1
6 895⋅10 6 895 ⋅10 7 031⋅10
Energy KJ Ws kWh kcal BTU

KJ 1 1000 −4 0,2388 0,9478
2 778 ⋅10
Ws −3 1 −7 −4 −4
10 2 778 ⋅10 2 388 ⋅10 9 479 ⋅10
kWh 3 6 1 859,85 3
3 6 ⋅10 3 6 ⋅10 3 412 ⋅10
kcal 4,187 3 −3 1 3,968
4 187 ⋅10 1 163 ⋅10
BTU 1,055 1055 −4 0,2520 1
2 931⋅10
Power kW kcal / h kcal / s PS BTU / h

kW 1 859,8 0,2388 1,3596 3
3 412 ⋅10
kcal/h −3 1 −4 −3 3,968
1 163 ⋅10 2 778 ⋅10 1 581⋅10
kcal/s 4,1868 3 1 5,693 4
3 6 ⋅10 1 428 ⋅10
PS 0,7355 632,4 0,1757 1 3
2 51⋅10
BTU/h −4 0,2520 −5 −4 1
2 931⋅10 7 0 ⋅10 3 985 ⋅10
Heat transfer Specific heat Viscosity

kcal W kcal kJ −3
1 = 4,1868 kg
1 = 1,163 1 mPa ⋅ s = 1 cP = 1 10
m ⋅ h ⋅ °C m ⋅K kg ⋅ °C kg ⋅ K m⋅s
W kcal kJ kcal kg
1 = 0,8598 1 = 0,2388 1 Pa ⋅ s = 10 P = 3600
m ⋅K m ⋅ h ⋅ °C kg ⋅ K kg ⋅ °C m⋅h
09.05.2006 ANA-Verfahrenstechnik GmbH

Conv.table
Fragebogen Dampfstrahlpumpen / Questionnaire Steam Jet Pumps
Dampfstrahl-Flüssigkeitspumpe / Steam jet liquid pump - Type 12/1; Type 12/2
Dampfstrahl-Luftsauger und Verdichter / Steam jet ejectors
Kunde / Client
...................…………. .................................
Firma Telefon
company phone
.................................. ........................……..
Bearbeiter Telefax
agent fax
...................……….... .................................
Adresse E-Mail
address
...................……….... ……………………….
Anfrage Nr.
Inquiry no.
Treibstrom Mischstrom
motive stream discharge stream
Druck
pressure ....…… (abs)
bar Druck
pressure ……… (abs)
bar
…….… °C ……… °C
Temperatur Temperatur
temperature temperature
Saugstrom / suction stream
……….
Druck
pressure bar (abs)
……….
Temperatur
temperature °C
Stoffströme / component flow
1. ...................... kg/h
2. ...................... kg/h
3. ...................... kg/h
4. ...................... kg/h
Material Mechanisches Design / Mechanical design
...............……. …………
Treibdüse: max. zulässiger Betriebsüberdruck
driving nozzle: max. allowable operating pressure bar (g)
...............……. …………
Körper: max. zulässige Betriebstemperatur
body: max. allowable operating temperature °C
Anschlüsse / connections
Ausführung / design
Flansche / flanges ................................. DIN ANSI
Gewinde / thread ………………………

sonstige / others ………………………
Bemerkungen / Remarks
………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………….................................................
...................................................................................................
ANA-Verfahrenstechnik GmbH Ansprechpartner/contact person:
Am Saalehang 4 Frau Dr. Schütte, Tel. -135
D – 06201 Merseburg brigitte.schuette@ana-gmbh.com
Tel. +49-(0)3461-457-0 Herr Teske, Tel. -141
Fax +49-(0)3461-457-200 michael.teske@ana-gmbh.com
www.ana-gmbh.com
Fragebogen Flüssigkeitsstrahlpumpen / Questionnaire Liquid Jet Pumps
Flüssigkeitsstrahl-Flüssigkeitspumpe / Liquid jet liquid pump – Type 22/1; 22/2
Flüssigkeitsstrahl-Gaspumpe / Liquid jet gas pump - Type 23/1; 23/2; 23/5
Kunde / Client
...................…………. .................................
Firma Telefon
company phone
.................................. ........................……..
Bearbeiter Telefax
agent fax
...................……….... .................................
Adresse E-Mail
address
...................……….... ……………………….
Anfrage Nr.
Inquiry no.
Druck
bar Druck
bar
…….… °C ……… °C
Medium / medium
…………………….
Druck
pressure ………. bar (abs)
……….
Temperatur
temperature °C
1. ...................... kg/h
2. ...................... kg/h
3. ...................... kg/h
4. ...................... kg/h
...............……. …………
...............……. ………..
Flansche / flanges ................................... DIN ANSI
Gewinde / thread …………………………

sonstige / others …………………………
………………………………………………………………………..….
…………………………………........................................................
.......................................................................................................
www.ana-gmbh.com
Fragebogen Gasstrahlverdichter
Questionnaire Gas jet compressors
Kunde / Client
...................…………. .................................
Firma Telefon
company phone
.................................. ........................……..
Bearbeiter Telefax
agent fax
...................……….... .................................
Adresse E-Mail
address
...................……….... ……………………….
Anfrage Nr.
Inquiry no.
Druck
bar Druck
bar
…….… °C ……… °C
Medium / medium
…………………….
Druck
pressure ………. bar (abs)
……….
Temperatur
temperature °C
1. ...................... kg/h
2. ...................... kg/h
3. ...................... kg/h
4. ...................... kg/h
...............……. …………
...............……. ………..
Flansche / flanges ................................... DIN ANSI
Gewinde / thread …………………………

sonstige / others …………………………
………………………………………………………………………..….
…………………………………........................................................
.......................................................................................................
www.ana-gmbh.com

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Table of contents

1.1 Design and principle of operation

2 Liquid jet pumps

2.1 Water jet pump type 22/1

2.1.1 Design and principle of operation

2.1.3 Technical data

2.1.4 Performance data

2.1.6 Performance diagram

2.2 Water jet cellar pump type 22/2

2.2.1 Design and principle of operation

2.2.3 Technical data

2.2.4 Performance data

2.2.6 Performance diagram

2.2.7 Example of installation

09.05.06 1/5 ANA-Verfahrenstechnik GmbH

2.3.1 Design and principle of operation

2.4 Water jet solid pump type 22/8

2.4.1 Design and principle of operation

3 Liquid jet gas pumps

3.1 Water jet vacuum pump type 23/1

3.1.1 Design and principle of operation

3.2 Water jet vacuum pump type 23/2

3.2.1 Design and principle of operation

09.05.06 2/5 ANA-Verfahrenstechnik GmbH

3.3.1 Design and principle of operation

4 Steam jet liquid pumps

4.1 Steam jet liquid pump type 12/1 for water

4.1.1 Design and principle of operation

4.2 Steam jet universal pumps type 12/2 for water

4.2.1 Design and principle of operation

5 Steam jet heaters

5.1 Steam jet heater type 12/3 for installation on vessels

5.1.1 Design and principle of operation

09.05.06 3/5 ANA-Verfahrenstechnik GmbH

5.2.1 Design and principle of operation

5.3 Steam jet heater type 12/5 for exhaust steam

5.3.1 Design and principle of operation

5.4.1 Design and principle of operation

6 Steam jet air ejector and steam jet compressor

6.1 One stage steam jet vacuum pumps

6.1.1 Design and principle of operation

09.05.06 4/5 ANA-Verfahrenstechnik GmbH

6.2.1 Characteristic curve of jet pumps

7 Gas jet – gas pumps

7.1 Design and principle of operation

Annex 1 Water steam table

Annex 2 Conversion table

09.05.06 5/5 ANA-Verfahrenstechnik GmbH

If the driving medium is a liquid, the cross section decreases con-

09.05.06 1/5 ANA-Verfahrenstechnik GmbH

• Driving connection (A) • Suction connection (B) • Pressure connection (C)

1 suction head 2 driving nozzle 3 mixing nozzle 4 throat 5 diffusor

Fig. 1.1: Design of a jet pump

09.05.06 2/5 ANA-Verfahrenstechnik GmbH

Fig. 1.2: Designation of jet pumps according to DIN 24 290

09.05.06 3/5 ANA-Verfahrenstechnik GmbH

• power stations ⇒ multiple stage steam jet vacuum pumps for

• chemical industry ⇒ liquid jet pumps for the vacuum generating