BANJARMASIN VASCULAR (CITY) TREATMENT

PARAHYANGAN CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY, INDONESIA

Dahlia Lubis 2013420125 | Diandra Indiraputri Trisna 2013420148 | Ahmad Shafy Allam
2013420132 | Aloysius Baskoro W 2013420165 | Giovanni R Tyashadi 2013420090

Improving blood vessel (urban path) circulation; provide resilient city living

PROJECT BRIEF

I. INTRODUCTION

UNDERSTANDING BANJARMASIN - CITY OF THOUSAND RIVERS & CANALS

Banjarmasin, known as the River City, is the capital of South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Its
nickname is derived from its geographical location, specifically on a delta between
Barito and Martapura River, where the buildable land sits on slightly raised riverbanks,
surrounded by floodable (swamp) territory.

UNDERSTANDING DISASTER - RIVER CHOLESTEROL, RIVER CONSTRICTION

Historically, the rivers of Banjarmasin have functioned as the main mode of
transportation. The river also plays a major role on the people’s activities and daily
lives. Unfortunately, the modern trend and the urbanisation process lead to the
degradation of the river and the riverbank quality, where uncontrolled construction of
informal housing and poor waste management has closed, constricted, and
contaminated the river canals. The uncontrolled waste has caused the city to be prone
to many natural disasters, including flooding, saline water intrusion, health problems
due to poor sanitation, thus, generally low living standards.

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UNDERSTANDING CULTURE - PROVIDING POTENTIAL AND SOLUTION
This project aims to rejuvenate and remediate the city and return the interdependence
of the city’s daily lives with the river (unique Banjar-culture). This interdependence aims
for a more sustainable and green living, where the well-being of the existing ecosystem
becomes a priority as it coincides with heightened living standards. The potential that
can be sought in rejuvenating the river lies in existing cheap and modern technologies
that are applicable to the city, geographically and socially, through creating permanent
mixed-used buildings on unused, second-hand barges; a floating self-sustained green
habitat.

II. MAIN CONCEPT

URBAN (VASCULAR) TREATMENT PLAN

Previous governments have seen the potential of the natural waterways of
Banjarmasin, and have even increased and designed complements to ease further
transportation through water. Since the popularity boom of road vehicles, unfortunately,
the potential of the waterways were ignored, thus facing apparent degradation.

This project aims for the regeneration and re-use of the water canals as the main
means of transportation. Based on a research by Ir. Karyadi Kusliansjah, MT., IAI., on
Road and River, Canals as a Structural Element of the City Form of Banjarmasin,
South Kalimantan (2012), the waterways divide the city into 7 main districts, deeming
the realisation of creating a waterway Transit Hub a very feasible - if not necessary -
project that increases the mobility of the residents through its water ways.

The main concept of the project takes the form of an analogy between a city and the
human body, where the river of Banjarmasin, serving as main mode of transportation
for people and goods, is perceived as the vascular system within the body.

The recent city development has shown greater priority on land infrastructure, causing
the city’s identity as a River City to slowly diminish. The constant sporadic and
uncontrolled construction has forced many to build toward and into the riverbanks (in
the form of slums), to the point that some structures were laid in the damp waters,
constricting the vascular system, like cholesterol in blood. In order to clear and re-
habituate the riverbank without cutting off residence for the people, two stages in the
project; the offshore and the on-shore design strategy.

The offshore design strategy is used to minimize the current build-up, done by
relocating riverbank slum residents into permanent housing built on barges (Barito’s
Big Barges), thus cleaning the riverbank and reintroducing the diminishing relationship
between the people and the river. Barito’s Big Barges will be duplicated in many areas
of the vascular system, to a point where the riverbanks can be re-habituated, creating
new green spaces for various uses such as cultural, traditional, and other communal
events. The river’s setback will be restored and thus water transport can function
efficiently again.

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SYNTHESIS DIAGRAM

III. DESIGN CONCEPT

SELF-SUSTAINED FLOATING GREEN HABITAT

As an offshore solution, the mixed-use building aims to provide residents with living
space and proper facilities to maintain high-living standards without high costs, where
the cost is cut-off through green technology that also drives the residents into
communal mind-set.

BUILDING MASSING
The massing transformation undergoes four main phases, explained below.

1. Beginning Phase. The main foundation of the building are two combined
empty barges. The two barges are meant to serve different purpose, where one
is specific for the development of the residence, and the other is specific for the
facilities. In order to reach the shore, connectors in the form of bridges are
made present.
2. Early Phase. The residence takes up the concept of terrace housing, which
translates into a dynamic space of intricate stairways and circulation provided
for both the residents and guests to use. The terrace housing provides open
social spaces with the provision of inner courts with natural lighting, single
banked corridors, and green roofs as parks.
3. The Growing Phase. The residence is designed to be ready on facing
population booms, adapting modular structures, where the increase of demand

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 for residences can be handled by stacking another module on top the existing
one. The stacking causes the residences to have different vistas.
4. Final Phase. The final phase includes the final form of housing and public
space. The aquaponics system is sheltered by a glasshouse to maintain stable
humidity and growing temperature. Greenery, trees, and plants are planted
around the barges, such as near the aquaponics, planter, inner court, and
rooftops. These areas, other than aesthetic purposes, also function as public
spaces.

MATERIALS
The building uses various material construction, described below.

1. Recycled Ship Hull Timber. Local recycled materials are used in the building
as the main material as a part of sustainable living and green concept and are
easily found in the coastal area. It is sourced from irreparable traditional fishing
boats around the site. Recycled timber that are used ranges in species,
including high-grade teak, mahogany, and ironwood and are laminated due to
the coastal area.
2. Laminated Wood Laminated wood are used in the housing as floor element.
The main issue of coastal buildings is corrosion of the material, especially
material like wood. Laminated wood is perfect corresponding to material
availability and coastal area
3. Perforated Steel. Perforated steel is used at the housing building. It is used as
the material for the urban farming pots and at the opening area of the housing.
It allows to give a different accent at the façade, and also functional for air
circulation.

TERRACE HOUSING AND PUBLIC SPACE

The design concept of the housing is terrace housing. This concept is used to
maximize view, natural lighting, air circulation, and open space in the housing. The
terrace form allows formation of open spaces that are used for social space for
residents and public. Besides the terrace form, there are four inner courts that are
divided evenly. This inner court allows natural lighting and air circulation into the rooms.
The inner court also contains the main vertical circulation and access to the rooms.

The housing consist of unit A and unit B. Public space in the building can be found in
the inner court and the roof top. To access the public space in the rooftop, there are
stairs from the inner courts, to the rooftop. There are outdoor benches and plants in the
rooftop for residents and public.

BUILDING FEATURES
The building applies some modern technological features, listed below.

Flood and Waste Management 1. Bio-fertilizer

2. Permanent Floating Residence
3. Biogas Plant

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 4. Porous Pedestrian Way
5. Bio Pore
Water Management 1. Reverse Osmosis
2. Aquaponics Integrated System
3. Solar Desalination
4. Rainwater Harvesting
5. Roof Water Storage
6. Water Purification
7. Phytoremediation
Sustainable Energy Sources 1. Solar Panel
2. Vertical Axis Wind Turbine
3. Biogas Plant
Socio-economy Features 1. Aquaponics Agriculture
2. Vertical Urban Farming
3. Seasonal Garden
4. Waterfront Festival
5. Bridge-Dock
6. Roof Garden

IV. CONCLUSION

BANJARMASIN VASCULAR (CITY) TREATMENT hopes to give positive impacts for

tropical architecture development with its own way of urban resilience. Creating healthy
environment for the river city; encouraging people to have good and sustainable living
standards; and retaining cultural habits and community awareness. The project soon
begin to be the pilot project for similar city around the world with similar problems.

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