Study of safety measures followed in Industry

Management (22509)

A project report submitted in partial fulfillment

Of the requirement for the degree of diploma in Instrumentation Engineering

Submitted by
Mr Vishal Vijay Surve (2517)
Mr.Ganesh Popat Jadhav (2517)
Mr.Amarjit Sanjay Sapkal (2518)

Under the supervision of

Mr. S. A. Kadam

Department Instrumentation Engineering

Government Polytechnic, Karad.
vidyanagar, Karad. District - Satara
Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education

2020-21

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 Acknowledgement

It is my great fortune that I have got opportunity to carry out this project work under the
supervision of Mr.Shrikant Kadam in the Department of Instru,emtation Engineering,
Government Polyatechnic Karad. I express my sincere thanks and deepest sense of gratitude
to my guide for his constant support, unparalleled guidance and limitless encouragement.

I wish to convey my gratitude to Mr.Shrikant Kadam, Department of Instrumentation

Engineering, GPK and to the authority of GPK for providing all kinds of infrastructural
facility towards the research work.

I would also like to convey my gratitude to all the faculty members and staffs of the
Department of Instrumentation Engineering, GPK for their whole hearted cooperation to
make this work turn into reality.

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 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project work entitled Study of safety measures in
Industry is the bona fide work carried out by

1. Mr Vishal Vijay Surve (1800100143)

2. Mr.Ganesh Popat Jadhav (1800100144)
3. Mr.Amarjit Sanjay Sapkal (1800100145)

students of Diploma in the Dept. of Instrumentation Engineering, Government

Polyatechnic Karad, Dist-Satara during the academic year 2020-21, in partial
fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Diploma in Instrumentation
Engineering and that this project has not submitted previously for the award
of any other degree, diploma and fellowship.

(Signature of the Guide) (Signature of the HOD)

Mr.Shrikant Kadam Dr. Prashant Sarawade

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 Table of Contents

Sr. no. Title Page no.

1 Rational 5

2 Aim of Project 5

3 Course outcomes 5

4 Literature revie 5

5 Methodology 6

6 Introduction 7

7 Information about Safety 8-9

8 Preventive measures 10-19

9 Output of project 20

10 Skill development 20

11 Application 20

12 Reference 20

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 Micro-Project
"Study the Safety Measures Followed in Industries.”

1.0 Rationale :
Study of safety measures in management principles applied in industry is important to
understand, which management principles applied in industry. And also principles of safety
management is to important to increase the profit, accuracy, quality etc. of the product.
2.0 Aim :
Aim of the project is Study of safety measures followed in industry, Principles applied in
industry. And also to understand the importance of the principles of safety measures in industry.

3.0 Course Outcome Achieved :

1. Use basic safety principles execute in daily activities.
2. Use of principles such as planing and organisations for accomplishments oftasks
3. Use of principle of preventing accidents in a organizations.

4.0 Literature Review :

Government organizations responded by regulating the workplace and forcing safer work
practices. Because most organizations were industry specific, industries developed safety
regulations independent of each other. We’ll be looking at key industries from this timeto see
how their safety standards developed. Beginningate 1600s, shaft mining increased when the
steam pump made it possible to remove water from deep shafts. In the 1770s, steam engines
became more efficient and fuel costs dropped, making mines also became more profitable. Mines
at the time often employed children, and were incredibly dangerous. Besides equipment
accidents, miners faced collapsing beams, rock falls, suffocation, and floods. Poisonous and
flammable gases were unseen dangers that could explode if ignited.

Management and entrepreneurship by Veerabhadrppa Havinal [Employees can be exposed to a

large number of hazards that pose danger to their eyes and face, requires employers to ensure that
employees have appropriate eye or face protection if they are exposed to eye or face hazards from
flying particles, molten metal, liquid chemicals, acids or caustic liquids, chemical gases or
vapors, potentially infected material or potentially harmful light radiation.]
Principles of Management by Chaudhry Omvir and Singh Prakash [Noise, or unwanted sound,
is one of the most common health problems in American workplaces. The National Institute for
Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) estimates that 30 million workers in the U.S. are
exposed to hazardous noise.]

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 5.0 Actual Methodology Followed :
Methodology

1. First we decided about the title of micro-projects.

2. We will collect the project related information i.e., its operation and related information.
3. And we will collect the required data according to requirement of project.
4. We will study the different bioelectric potential and instruments present in the control room
of industry.
5. We will also study the different barriers and their types present in the industry.
6. We will study the different specifications of different models. 7. We will study how to
improve the efficiency of the models.

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 Introduction

Safety Management
Safety is very important aspect for any industry as an accident free environment boosts the morale
of the team members working in any hazardous situations. Safety means continuing and healthful
living without injury. Safety is free from harm or danger of harm. The word safety also refers to
the precautions people take to prevent accident, harm, danger, damage loss and pollution. Safety
also deals with improvement in working conditions for better health. Similarly, all hazards, i.e.
source/situation capable of injury or ill health, damage to properly or workplace environment etc.,
should be identified and action plan drawn for safeguard against them.
Safety during work is the primary concern in any industrial environment for both employees and
employers. Adequate usage of safety equipment at a workplace provides additional protection to
employees in the presence of a slew of other safety measures. Common safety equipment in many
workplaces comprise of gloves, safety helmets, glasses/goggles, safety boots, hearing protectors,
respirators and high-visibility clothing like reflector jackets that are worn usually in construction
sites.

Need for Safety Management:

A Safety Management system (SMS) is a continuous improvement process that reduces hazards
and prevents incidents. It protects the health and safety of employees and should be integrated into
everyday processes throughout the organization. Safety management system (SMS) is a
comprehensive management system designed to manage safety elements in the workplace. It
includes policy, objectives, plans, procedures, organisation, responsibilities and other measures.
The SMS is used in industries that manage significant safety risks, including aviation, petroleum,
chemical, electricity generation and others.
Workplace safety is so important for every industry because workers desire to work in a safe and
well protected environment. Healthy and safety workplace is essential for all industry in order to
promote the well-being of both employers and employees.
Industrial safety is important as it safeguards human life, especially in high risk areas such as
nuclear, aircraft, chemical, oil and gases, and mining industries, where a fatal mistake can be
catastrophic. Industrial Safety reduces risks to people, and processes.
Safety management is needed for managing workplace safely which is the important goal of an
organization. It ensure better working environment for employee and place employees in jobs
suitable to their work restrictions. Safety management using software system helps to record,
manage and analyse safety related data, enhance communication and sharing of appropriate data
among supervisors, managers and medical staff. It also ensures centralized compliances from all
locations to avoid accidents. safety management make standardization and automates the safety
investigation process.

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 INDUSTRIAL SAFETY RULES AND INFORMATION
• General Information
Safety is especially important for employees and students who work in industrial environments
because of the higher number of risks in these areas. University departments that utilize industrial
machinery, large amounts of mechanical equipment, devices that operate under high voltage (208
v. or higher), radiation and hazardous materials, and/or heavy off-road equipment also qualify as
industrial areas and should follow these guidelines.

• Industrial Safety Guidelines

Information in this section addresses specific hazards and other areas of safety that pertain to
persons who work in industrial environments as described in section 9.1.
These guidelines and policies are to be followed in addition to those given in the previous section
on general safety rules and information.

• Motivation for work

Safety is a major issue for day laborers and skilled laborers. Each year, accidents happen
frequently in the construction industry and often times it is due to the absence of Personal
Protective Equipment (PPE) or failure to wear the provided PPE. PPE is equipment that will protect
workers against health or safety risks on the job. The purpose is to reduce employee exposure to
hazards when engineering and administrative controls are not feasible or effective to reduce these
risks to acceptable levels. These hazard risks can be anything from wet floors to falling debris
• Role of safety in organization:-
Organizations have a moral responsibility to ensure the safety and well-being of their members.
Organizational practices that promote safety can also help a company establish competitive
advantage by reducing costs and complying with safety laws.

• Safety measures taken in organization:-

The Constitution of India provide detailed provisions for the rights of the citizens and also lays
down the Directive Principles of State Policy which set an aim to which the activities of the state
are to be guided. These Directive Principles provide

• Health, Safety & Environment in Indian factories:-

Safety Is a safe work environment for all of our employees is crucial, and top priority at Cummins
Sales & Service Philippines. We are committed to the implementation and compliance to safe
work practices, creating education and awareness for our employees about work safety, and
rewarding our employees and our locations for continued safe working conditions. We perform
frequent safety audits of all of our facilities and our Health, Safety and Environment Department
takes all necessary corrective actions to ensure that we provide a safe place for all of our
employeesm

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 • General safety norms for an industrial unit, Preventive measures:
While working in any industry we should aware about safety norms to be followed for everyone’s
safety. Following are some safety rules to be kept in mind while working:

General Safety Rules/Norms

1. Be sure you know how to perform the job and perform it safely.
2. be sure you know its hazards and how to protect yourself, e.g., head protection, eye and face
protection, hearing protection.
3. Report all near misses, incidents, injuries and illnesses immediately.
4. Wear the required personal protective equipment (PPE) necessary for the job during
welding and working on cutting tools.
5. Always work clear of suspended loads – head and foot protection.
6. Inform Supervisors of Unsafe Conditions.
7. Use Equipment, Machines, and Tools Properly, e.g., hand tool and portable power, tool
safety.
8. Wear Safety Equipment like protective clothing and personal hygiene.
9. Prevent Slips and Trips.
10. Keep Work Areas and Emergency Exits Clear.
11. Eliminate Fire Hazards.
12. Avoid Tracking Hazardous Materials, lockout of energy sources.
13. Norms to use compressed gas cylinders.
14. Avoid lack of oxygen on a space that could cause immediate respiratory failure.
15. Serious care must be taken where toxic gases or vapours can poison the workers.

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 Preventive measures

To prevent accidents there is a need for consistent implementation of safety measures.

Some of the important safety measures helpful for preventing accidents are:

1. Safe workplace and working condition:

Good layout. Good layout includes sufficient space for movement, non-skid type floors Reduced
Noise level. Use of such machines which produces less noise, provide separate space For such
works which produces noise, make efforts for reducing the vibrations help in Minimizing harmful
effects of noise.
Inflammable materials should be stored separately.
Machines or their parts should be fenced when it is not possible to provide safeguards.
All boilers and other pressure vessels must be kept in proper condition. Safety valves, Pressure
gauges and water gauges must be examined thoroughly at regular intervals.
Physical conditions, sufficient illumination, ventilation and height should be provided. Floor
Should be free from oiliness and clean.

2. Safe material handling

Hoist, cranes, lifts along with its accessories must be periodically tested. They must be of sound
construction.
The crane must be fitted with interlocks and limit switches.
The load lifting capacity or safe working load should be prominently marked on the equipment
The lifting and carrying operation should be steady and free of jerks.
Avoid fatigue of workers, use handling devices where possible.

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 3.Personal Protection Equipment’s (PPE):

Personal Protective Equipment

Personal Protective Equipment Hazard Assessments were conducted on all High-Risk areas
within the University in May and June 2012. Areas assessed included: Mechanic Engineering &
Industrial Technology metal shops, Chemistry & Biology Laboratories, the metal and
woodworking shops in the College of the Arts, Chemical, Civil, & Petroleum Engineering Labs,
and all shops in the Facilities Management: Electrical, Carpentry, Plumbing, HVAC, Paint, Motor
Pool, Welding, Grounds, and Special Events.Theses assessments were conducted by the Assistant
Director of Environmental, Health and Safety, along with the Lab/Shop Managers & Shop
Forman in each of the above listed areas. Results were discussed and enforced with all Lab/Shop
Managers & Shop Forman. The Results of these assessments were documented on OSHA
approved forms and are on file in the EH&S office at Parker.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is anything that is used to protect the human body from the
dangers of hazards. PPE is used to protect a person’s eyes, face, ears, head, extremities,
respiratory system, and other parts of his or her body. Statistics and other data show that failure
to use PPE is a leading cause of accidents.

Every employee and student is responsible for using PPE whenever a task or job requires it.
Supervisors and Departmental Safety Coordinators are responsible for making sure that PPE is
available and in good working condition. Whenever necessary, departments are required to
provide PPE to its employees and students. Departmental supervisors must ensure that all
employees and students know how to use PPE properly. Whenever an employee or student
provides their own PPE,

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Usually human body needs protection for the parts or systems and PPE used is as below

•Hand protection- Hand gloves

•foot protection-Leather/Rubber shoes
•Head protection-Safety helmet
•Eye protection- Safety goggles/shield fitted with special dark glass
•Face protection-Face shield
•Skin and body protection-Aproan,boiler suit
•Protection against fall-safety belt,rope,anchoring point
•Hearing conservation/protection against noise-Air plugs, air muff
•Respiratory protection-Respirator, breathing apparatus, half face mask, dust filter

The personal protective equipment is used to save from the danger from sharp edge, hot surface,
dust, toxic gas etc. A PPE cannot remove the hazard but it acts as barrier between the danger and
the user.

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4. Safe activities in the following situation:

• Repair work on the machine should not be done when it is running.

• All the tools should be kept at their proper places
• Chips should not be removed by hand
• Worker should be trained about correct procedures and they should be educated
about safety Precautions
• Constant warning, publicity and play cards carrying slogans are also helpful to
reduce accidents
• To avoid danger, inflammable materials should be kept away from general
storage at a safe distance (15.25m).Fire extinguishers should be kept at suitable
places

5. Prevention of electric accidents:

• Electrical insulation should be periodically tested

• Use proper tools for testing and repairing
• Repair Work should be done after switching the power off
• Use safety equipment’s such as insulated tools and rubber gloves whenever
necessary

6. Good housekeeping:
Housekeeping includes cleanliness in building, work area, rest areas, equipment’s, and
machinery tools etc.
• Good housekeeping minimizes fatigue and discomfort to the workers and
motivate them
• It reduces the chances of fire and other hazards
• Increases the life of machinery, equipment and tools
• Improves productivity and quality of the product
• Better utilization of floor space
• Enhances the moral of workers
7. Safe Working Methods
8. Proper selection of workers
9. Training for safe working
10. Accident prone areas
11. Safety Devices
12. Safety Programme
13. Promoting Safety awareness in Employees

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 1. Head protection:

Frequent causes of head injuries. Falling objects from above striking on the head. Bump head
against fixed objects, such as exposed pipes or beams. Accidental head contact with electrical
hazards.
1. Objects might fall from above and strike them on the head.
2. They might bump their heads against fixed objects, such as exposed pipes or beams.
3. There is a possibility of accidental head contact with electrical hazards.

Head Protection: ANSI Z89.1-1986

The University shall ensure that each affected employee uses appropriate head protection when
exposed to overhead hazards from electrical shock, burn hazards, impact hazards and penetration
hazards. Head protection is required when exposed to: objects falling from above, possible head
bumps against fixed objects, possibility of contact with electrical hazards, etc. Hard hats must
meet ANSI Z-89.1-1986 specifications, as required by OSHA There are 3 classes of hard hats:

• Class A hard hat: (General Industry)

Impact and penetration resistance w/limited voltage protection (up to 2,200 volts)

• Class E hard hat: (formerly class B)

Highest level of protection against electrical hazards, (up to 20,000 volts) Protects against
impact, penetration and flying/falling hazards
• Class C hard hat:
Light weight comfort and impact protection but offer no protection from electricalhazards.

Assessments determine when and where hard hats are to be worn at the University.

2. Eye and face protection:

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 Employees can be exposed to a large number of hazards that pose danger to their eyes and face,
requires employers to ensure that employees have appropriate eye or face protection if they are
exposed to eye or face hazards from flying particles, molten metal, liquid chemicals, acids or
caustic liquids, chemical gases or vapors, potentially infected material or potentially harmful light
radiation.[1] Examples:
1. Acids and other caustic liquid chemicals that might splash.
2. Blood and other potentially infectious materials that might splash, spray.
3. Intense light such as that created by welding and lasers.
4. Dust and other flying particles, such as sawdust or metal shavings.
5. Molten metal that might splash.
Eye and Face Protection –
The University shall ensure that each affected employee uses appropriate eye or face protection
when exposed to eye or face hazards from flying particles, molten metal, liquid chemicals, acids
or caustic liquids, chemical gases or vapors, or potentially injurious light radiation. Assessments
document when and where eye and face protectionis required. The personal protective eye and
face protection must meet ANSI Z-87.1- 1989 specifications, as required by OSHA.

The University shall ensure that each affected employee uses eye protection that providesside
protection when there is a hazard from flying objects. Detachable side protectors (e.g. clip-on or
slide-on side shields) meeting the pertinent requirements of this section are acceptable.

The University shall ensure that each affected employee who wears prescription lenses while
engaged in operations that involve eye hazards wears eye protection that incorporates the
prescription in its design, or wears eye protection that can be worn over the prescription lenses
without disturbing the proper position of the prescription lenses or the protective lenses

3.Goggle

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Protect eyes, and the facial area immediately surrounding the eyes from impact, dust, splashes.
Some can be used over corrective lenses, if they fit them.
• Eye and face PPE is required for all persons that are exposed to hazards that include flying
objects, molten metal, liquid chemicals, acids or caustic liquids,chemical gases or vapors,
potentially injurious light radiation, or dust.
• All eye PPE purchased after July 5, 1994 must conform to ANSI z87.1-1989.
• Whenever hazards from flying objects exist, eye and face PPE must provide sideprotection
to prevent these objects from entering the eye indirectly.
• Persons who wear prescription eyeglasses must use PPE that can be worn over these
prescription glasses without disturbing the proper position of the prescription glasses.
• Persons who use contact lenses must also use proper eye and face PPE. Contactlenses are
not a form of PPE.
• Persons who are exposed to injurious light radiation shall use eye and face PPE that
incorporates filter lenses with an appropriate shading capability necessary toremove the
danger of light radiation.
• Eye and face PPE shall be inspected regularly and, if inadequate, disposed andreplaced.
• Any modification of eye and face PPE is prohibited.

4. Hearing protection:

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 Noise, or unwanted sound, is one of the most common health problems in American workplaces.
The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) estimates that 30 million
workers in the U.S. are exposed to hazardous noise. [2]Exposure to high levels of noise may cause
hearing loss, create physical and psychological stress, reduce productivity, interfere with
communication, and contribute to accidents and injuries by making it difficult to hear warning
signals.
Hearing Protection –
The University shall ensure that each employee exposed to noise levels that exceed 85 decibels
for an extended period must wear approved ear plugs or ear muffs while working with that
equipment. Examples include chainsaws, power blowers, gas powered line trimmer or edger, etc.
Assessments document when and where hearing protection is required.

• Hearing PPE shall be worn by persons whenever they are exposed to noises above 90
decibels as measured on the A-scale of a standard sound meter.
• All hearing PPE must conform to ANSI 53.19.
• Disposable hearing PPE may not be shared and must be replaced or cleaned daily to ensure
sanitation.
• Permanent hearing PPE must be inspected regularly and, if inadequate, disposed and
replaced.

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5. Hand and Foot Protection –

The University shall ensure that each affected employee uses appropriate hand and foot protection
when exposed to injury from potential skin absorption hazards, chemical or thermal burns,
electrical dangers, bruises, abrasions, cuts, punctures, fractures or amputations.

There is no one glove that can protect employees from all hazardous exposure to the hands.
Employees and Supervisors are to contact the EH&S office for guidance on proper selection of
hand protection. Assessments document when and where hand andfoot protection is required.

• Hand PPE shall be worn by persons who are exposed to hazards such as those from skin
absorption of harmful substances, severe cuts or lacerations, severe abrasions, punctures,
chemical burns, thermal burns, and harmful temperatureextremes.
• Hand PPE shall be worn by persons while working on moving machinery such asdrills,
saws, grinders, or other rotating equipment.
• Hand PPE must be inspected regularly and, if inadequate, disposed and replaced.
• Foot PPE or appropriate shoes shall be worn by persons who are exposed to hazards such
as falling objects, rolling objects, piercing objects, and electrical hazards. Open toe shoes
are not acceptable in any of these applications. Laboratory environments do not allow
open toe shoes due chemical exposure.
• Any modification of hand or foot PPE is prohibited.
• Employees required to wear toe protective gear must meet ANSI Z41-1991standards, as
required by OSHA.

6. Respiratory protection:

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There are two major classes of respirators:
Air-purifying, which remove contaminants from the air; and Atmosphere-supplying, which
provide clean, breathable air from an uncontaminated source. As a general rule, atmosphere-
supplying respirators are used for more hazardous exposures.

7.0 Protective Clothing and Personal Hygiene

• Protective clothing shall be worn by those persons who are exposed to hazards such as
solid and liquid chemicals, high or low temperatures, open flames, andlarge amount of
ultraviolet light.
• When persons are exposed to moving or rotating equipment or machinery, protective
clothing must fit snugly.
• Shirttails shall be tucked in and long sleeves shall be buttoned or otherwisesecured to
prevent being caught in moving or rotating machinery.
• Long Hair shall be kept in a fashion that does not allow it to become caught inmoving or
rotating machinery.
• Jewelry should not be worn when operating industrial equipment.

6.0 Actual Resources Used :

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Sr. Name of Resources/ Specifications Qty. Remarks
No. material

1. Internet. https://www.reasearchgate.net -
2. Principles of safety Nirali Pub. Vijay Navale 01
measures in
management
3. Software. MS. Word.

7.0 Outputs of Micro – Project :

• Understand the principles of management.
• Study the principle of measures of safety in the management.
• Understand the importance of principles measures of safety in management in small scale
industry.
• Also study the how use/ applied the principles of safety in management in small scaleindustry.

8.0 Skill Developed:

• We used basic principles of safety management.

• We study the functioning of the management.
• We study the preventive measures of management.

9.0 Application of this Micro-Project:

• In Industrial applications we can safety management.

• Also used in foundry as well as in small scale industry.

10.0References :
1. https://www.pecsafety.com
2. https://www.mga.edu/training
3. https://dia.delawareworks.com
4. https://www.louisiana.edu/sites/safety/files/Sec09%2520Industrial
5. https://www.osha.gov

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