Vocabulary

Unit 2: Matter: Properties & Change Name:

Period:
8.P.1 Understand the properties of matter and changes that occur when matter interacts in an open and closed container.

8.P.1.1: Element, Compounds & Mixtures

Objective: 8.P.1.1 Classify matter as elements, compounds, or mixtures based on how the atoms are packed together in
arrangements

Essential Vocabulary
Pure substance, Element, Compound, Crystal, Mixture, Homogeneous solution, Heterogeneous mixtures, Condensation,
Chromatography

What is Matter? _______________________________________________________________________________________

Give examples of matter ________________________________________________________________________________

Give examples of Non-Matter ____________________________________________________________________________

What is Volume? _____________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

What is the Volume of rock? ____________________________________________________________

What is Mass? ________________________________________________________________________________________

Mass stays _________________________________________ everywhere.

Which object has more mass a bowling ball or a soccer ball? Why

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

What is weight? _______________________________________________________________________________________

What is density? Formula for Density

Find the density, if the mass of an object is 45 grams and

The density of freshwater is --------------------------------------- volume is 20 cm3

If an object weighs more than 1 it

will ------------------------

If an object weighs less than 1 it will--------------------------

Boiling Point Melting/Freezing Point

The boiling point of water is The freezing/melting point of water is

Does boiling different amounts of water changes its boiling point?

STATES OF MATTER

State Draw the How is the shape/volume Density Energy

arrangement of
particles

Solid

Liquid

Gas

What is Sublimation? ___________________________________________________________________________________

PHASE CHANGE

What happens to the particles when Solid turns to liquid.

Draw the arrangement of Draw the arrangement of What happens to the particles in solid when heat is added to it?
particles in solids. particles in the liquid.
 What happens to the particles when liquid turns to gas.
Draw the arrangement of Draw the arrangement of What happens to the particles in the liquid when heat is added
particles in the liquid. particles in the gas to it?

What happens to the particles when Liquid turns to solid

Draw the arrangement of Draw the arrangement of What happens to the particles in the liquid when heat is taken
particles in the liquid. particles in solids. away (frozen)?

ELEMENTS, COMPOUNDS & MIXTURES

________________________ substances cannot be broken down into anything simpler.

___________________________ and ___________________________ are examples of pure substances.

Elements(118) Compounds Molecules Crystal

Elements are made up of
________________________
________________________
________________________
Substance made of two or A molecule is formed when It is made up of particles
more different kinds of two or more (atoms, molecules or ions)
elements arranged in a regular
________________________ ___________________ join
repeating pattern. NaCl salt
combined in a specific ratio. together chemically.
H2 O N2

Properties of elements are different from the properties of compounds it forms.

Name the 2 elements H2O (water) is made Name the 2 elements NaCl (salt)is made up of.
up of?

Is NaCl (element/compound) Why.

Is H2O (element/compound) Why

Elements Vs Compounds
Elements

Charges

Color

Properties of elements

Compound Name of compound:

Properties of compound

Draw the structure of your compound

MIXTURES: Forms when 2 or more substances combine

___________________________________ and can be separated
physically.

What are heterogeneous mixtures? Homogeneous (solution)mixtures:

What is a solute? What is a solvent? In a saltwater solution, which is a solute and what
part is the solvent?

------------------------------------------------------------------------ is a universal solvent.

Explain 3 ways to increase the solubility of a substance?

1. 2. 3.
Separating mixtures:
Sand and rocks Iron filings and sulfur color/pigments Saltwater solution

Fill in the chart:

Air Salt water Granite Pizza

Homo/heterogeneous Homo/heterogeneous Homo/heterogeneous Homo/heterogeneous

Reasoning Reasoning Reasoning Reasoning

Elements VS Compounds VS Mixtures

H2O N

H2 Na

NH3 NaCl

NaHCO3 Cl

NaClO Fe

______ Diamond(C) ______ Water (H2O) ______ Dry Ice (CO2)

_______ Sugar (C6H12O6) ______ Alcohol (CH3OH) ______ Baking Soda (NaHCO3)

_______ Milk ______ Pail of Garbage ______ Titanium (Ti)

______ Air ______ Ammonia (NH3) ______ Iron (Fe)

____ Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4) ______ Salt (NaCl) ______ Popcorn

______ Gasoline ______ Energy ______ Gold (Au)

______ Krypton (K) ______ Wood ______ Electricity

 PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
8.P.1.3 Objective: Compare physical changes such as size, shape, and state to chemical changes that are the result of a
chemical reaction to include changes in temperature, color, the formation of a gas or precipitate

8.P.1.3 Essential Vocabulary:

Intrinsic property, Extrinsic property, Malleability, Ductility, Viscosity, pH, sSolubility, Precipitate, Catalyst

Physical Properties & Changes

What is a physical property?

What is a physical change?

Does a new substance form during the physical change?

Chemical Properties & Changes

All chemical changes are accompanied by a ________________________________ _______________________________

What is a chemical property? What is a chemical change?

Does a new substance form during the chemical change?

Give 4 examples of chemical properties. Evidence of chemical change

How is burning candle both physical and chemical change?

__________________________________________________________________________________________
 The Periodic Table of Elements
8.P.1.2 Objective Explain how the physical properties of elements and their reactivity have been used to produce the
current model of the Periodic Table of elements

8.P.1.2 Essential Vocabulary

Atom, Proton, Neutron, Electron, Valence electrons, Atomic number, Atomic mass, Group, Periods, Alkali metals,Halogens,
Noble gases

What is an Atom? _____________________________________________________

The 3 subatomic particles are ___________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Proton has a __________________ charge Electron has a ____________________

charge, and Neutron has a ____________________ charge.

Protons and neutrons are located in the _______________________ of an atom. Electrons are in the __________________

Atomic number Atomic mass Neutral atom

Ion isotope Valence electrons

Number of Neutrons =
Modern periodic table is arranged based on _________________________________________________ (atomic number).

The periodic table of elements is arranged horizontally in order of increasing _________________ number (number of
protons) and vertically in columns of elements with similar ___________________________________________

1.Which kind of elements are the most on the

periodic table? ______________________________
2. Which side of the periodic table are the metals
located? ___________________________________
3. Which side of the periodic table are the
nonmetals located? __________________________
4. Where are the metalloids located on the PT?
__________________________________________

Properties of Metals, Nonmetals & Metalloids

Metals Non-Metals Metalloid

1.

2.

3.

4.

Periods & Groups

Horizontal rows are called as ________________________ Vertical columns are called as _______________________

There are __________ periods in a periodic table. Groups have ___________________ chemical properties.

How does the atomic number change when you go across a why do elements in a group have the same chemical
row? properties?

Reactivity
What happens to the reactivity of the elements as we go down the periodic table? _________________________________

Which is the most reactive (metal) group in the periodic table? Why
_____________________________________________

Which is the most reactive (nonmetal) group in the periodic table? Why _________________________________________

Which group is the least reactive? Why ____________________________________________________________________

Balancing Chemical Equations

Objective:
8.P.1.4 Explain how the idea of atoms and a balanced chemical equation support the law of conservation of mass.

Essential Vocabulary:
8.P.1.4: Open system, Closed system, Law of conservation of mass, Chemical equation, Coefficient, Subscript,Reactants,
Products, Yield, Balanced equation.

Open System _____________________________________________________________________________

Closed System _________________________________________________________________

 The Law of Conservation of Mass

In a chemical reaction, matter is

______________________________________________, it
just changes form.

● Mass of _________________________ = the mass

of______________________
● The number of atoms at the
____________________ side = to the number of
atoms at the _________________side

Label the parts of a chemical equation: Box the reactants and circle the products

2Na + Cl2 -----------> 2NaCl

Name the reactants in the above Name the products in the above What does the arrow indicate?
equation. equation.

What is the coefficient? What is a subscript? Can you change the subscript?

O2 _______________________ O3 _____________________ CO __________________

CO2 ___________________ H2O ___________________ H2O2 ____________________

HCl _______________________ NaCl ___________________ NH3 ___________________

C12H22O11 _______________________

C ________________ H ___________________ N ________________ O ___________________

Ba _______________ Na __________________ Cl ________________ Fe __________________

C12H22O11 2C12H22O11 NH3 3NH3 2Nacl2
C= C= N= N= Na =
H= H=
H= H= Cl =
O= O=

How many sugar How many sugar How many ammonia How many salt
molecules How many ammonia molecules
molecules molecules
molecules

Balancing Chemical Equations

Mg + O2 → 2MgO Na + Cl2 → NaCl

Fe + Cl2 → FeCl3 H2 + O2 → H2O

Balance this equation: Mn (s) + CuCl (aq) ⇒ Cu (s) + MnCl2 (s)