Specialist Maths

Application Task

Wednesday 19th August, 2009

Rooms: Senior Centre

1:30 pm
15 minutes reading time + 180 minutes writing time

•
•

Teacher's name: acr dca ima

(Please circle)

Total marks: 80

Instructions to students:

Students may bring a bound reference (text book or work books with covers
stuck together) into the task.
A graphical or CAS calculator will be needed for some parts of the task.
(You may also bring in a scientific calculator)
This task will comprise 40io of your internally assessed grade for Specialist
Maths
 Daring Designs

Daring Designs is a boutique shop which creates household products. In particular, it

makes products such as vases and wine glasses.

PART A
Before opening the shop, a logo needed to be deSigned. Using the letters of the name, the
following deSign was made.

It was noted that the deSign could be made by sketching the graph of the equations
A. semi circle x 2 + y2 = 1, 0 ~ x ~ 1
B. lines y = ±(x -1), 0 ~ x ~ 1

on the axes as shown: ,

Question 1

The deSign is to be made of stained glass and this requires lead boundaries.
a) Find the exact length of the semi circle with equation x 2 + y2 = 1, 0 ~ x ~ 1

\
- l. -,1-117" \

(1 mark)
 b) Find the exact length of the lines y, = (1- x), 0 ~ x ~ 1 and
Y2 = (x -1), 0 ~ x ~ 1

'-\1 ; ,J \+, '-'1 L .: -S I.,.,

::. ,.[ L u."",' ~ = ~l.. LAV'~4 s

(2 marks)

c) Use the results above to find the total length of the lead needed to form the
boundary of the logo correct to 2 decimal places.

I-. = TT' -t- ~J l

(J mark)

A more creative design of the logo involved more complex equations. A formula to find
the length of the curves can be derived.
Using Pythagoras' theorem, it can be shown that the length of a chord between two points
is given by Y y~f(x)

Ox

(oLl = (OX)2 + (oy)2

:.oL = ~(OX)2 + (oy)2

= (OX)2(1 + (OY)2) (by taking out ox as a common factor)

(OX)2

= l+(:r
,----.".

ox

Therefore, to calculate the length of a curve between the points aand b, evaluate the
integral.

Ie. b
L=fl+
(d)2
Ix dx
a
Question 2

a) Use this formula to find the length of the line y=l-x,O::;;x::;;1

~:. 1-',
L: S~' ~ IT \ 0\.\.
.'.0(....
;..-.l... - -I
5~( "n ol"
0{
C{II -

.,. ~~ A \,,) , (~) ( -

\"o{l\. -
I
= ,.JL-O =,J~
(2 marks)
2
b) Use this formula to find the length of the curve y = .Jl- x , -1::;; x ::;; 1.
All working out must be shown. ( \. \ 1.
'1 =- (-II J

l....= 5_.' j Ir ,~~Ll cA., -. ~'1_~ "1 (I_,\\.)....l,]<_2.,\

....... \/

=~ _II - )(

- 5-I' (~)I-
\....~" I --1\ \

- Lest" -I " ) -(

-= Si,,-'(I) c:..::-- - \ ( -,)

- - -
...JJ
L
-E -
L..
'iT ,+
t...o\Y"' \ ~

(5 marks)

Explain how these results can be used to verify your results from Question 1 a) and b).

(2 marks)
Other possible designs need to be tested.

Question 3
a) Use calculus to find the exact length of the curves (shown below) between
x = 0 and x = 1 for the following equations:
(Hint: find one length then double the result)

.3
y '1= 1- ')( to

~ :: ~ Il
.I.
l
O-\\. L
0,; x'; 1

x
~J I.~ ~ Il

,,
(J~~) L
y= x-I 0,; x'; 1

-1
l f- -= (+ 2l.
"t 't

::

~
$.
1.1
[ U.l)\
~
I -t j
- --
~
1 ./
( 1),Ji~
% -I)
::: .ll.l'ri\
2.."")
..a
2,..")

(5 marks)
 b) Use calculus to find the exact length of the top of the curve in the diagram
below by integrating the equation x = y3 + _1_ between y E [0.1. 0.4].
12y
Full working must be shown.

y
0.5
0.4 top of curve
0.3
0.2 /
0.1

x
- --L..
1 12.., L
-0.1
-0.2
-0.3
-0.4
l~)(-= (~t _~l-)l
-0.5

~)l _ q.., 'f ..l...

2 -4 -
I 't~,
I
\.

11- ~~y':= \ +- 0...'\ "t J..

L -t
I 't "t., t.
qi't J.
+ L "t-
I "+c..:., l.
(S...,I.. ...
p-,\. \1
-L.

L=

- ~o· ,0'" 3j l .... ~

1"1. ...,
-\ 01.')

;:::
l,':> -1\1 -IJ 0'\ c). I

- [~O'~)~ I )
- ( (p .\)S !
)3
- ~L"o'" \ L,Lo • I
:::
(,:r - -f~) ( ~
1000 {)
-
-ILr
~6
~"..\s

(6 marks)
Question 4

a) Draw the graph of the curve on the axes provided. Set up the integral to be
solved to calculate the length of the curve. Use your CAS to evaluate the
integral. Give your answer correct to two decimal places.
2
y=--+2 0:5x:51
x-2 '

n:::-l

-z (~)L .:.
,.0\'-" ~\-l)1r

I +~) t: 0( - L) '\ ;.. Lr

1
~1-tJ I.r

-1 1 x L::. ~O\ )Qt-0't-+; 0"',

-1

(5 marks)
b) Write the integral to be solved to find the length of the curve x = cos ;
over the domain -1:5 Y :5 1. Use your CAS to evaluate the integral,
expressing your answer correct to two decimal places.
y "~
')(.: r<-'.:> I..

c!"
ot, -
_ -IT "E>~
L
C TT::)L. \)

x
&-JI.;: !f
4
t
"E>~ L "1T
t
~ 'L '\ ~ _ l -t Ii L _ ... f!::1
l • oJ..-v ~ ~ S..... ~

5_I, j
(4 marks)
The difficulty of this method is integrating some expressions. Parametric equations can
also be used to find the length of a curve.
The formula

can be used.

Question 5

The parametric equations x(t) = sint and yet) = cost represent a unit circle centred at
°
the origin. When t = the point on the curve is (0,1). As time passes the point moves
clockwise. When t = 1f it reaches the point (0, -1).

Verify the length of the curve given by the equations

x(t) = sint and yet) = cost, t E [0,1f]

is the same as the value found in Question 1 aJ,

c:J..,
c5r<:-
= _".:> "'" '=-

~'1J L - S::' I '=-

=
TT-O= n ~\'~

(4 marks)
Question 6

The curve described by the parametric equations x(t) = cos 3 t and >,~:sin3 t, 0 ~ t ~ "
2
is shown.
y

1 x

Find the length of the curve.

')l ::.. (c.':. ~b
o.&..!. ')
ott-::' ,;)(w
l... L
C
• _ .. ;..
..
'=-

&"'"y..:: 9. ~~t..t. cc.~ "" ~

~';...) l -I- (m-J L _ CI. C;;~tc-.f. (c."':.'t E- "1- 0( c<,\ ~ S.;., '< ~
:: 9. ... ~l f (c:.'S. "C ((<'.1 f:. + ~v-- I ~ )

_5:- s ':.~ E-(.., (,.. of Eo-

S
~l o't cz.~l.. ~ oJ C:-
= - ~L [ 1. (<- ':> 1. e- 3 :-
;:
-1; L (c>:> rr - (co,> 0 ]

--\C -I - ,) ~ -1.
(5 marks)
 PART 8
One of the products made by Daring Designs is vases. One such vase was formed by
rotating the area between the graph y = x + 1 and the x-axis from x = 0 to x = 1
around the x-axis.

Question 7

Use calculus to find the exact volume of this vase.

,
V= 'ii~o ~-+\J loll!

- n L ~1'HJ} ~ 0
1:.
::.
j]
")
L2~-f\J
~".I --
l.LT 3
- J
u..v--,,~\

(3 marks)

Question 8
Find the exact volumes of the vases with the following equations. In all cases, find the
volume of the solid when rotated around the x-axis.

a) y = sin(x) between x = 0 and x =z7r

:Ii
V= TI S co 1- "b~
\
l\. oJ.."

- ti
So4: l
I (1- rc.-:)..,,) 01-1(
:: :ilL [ I( -l"~ 2", ):t
::. .:rt [ (a - t ...~ IT ) '- ( ~ - \ ,;~C)\3
~(.1L-o\: ]...L ......,..... .. .\) ~
4
b) Y = eX between x = 0 and x = 1

_- (I'Ll' I
V IT .) c;) e 0" "

1
c) y= between x = 1 and x = 3
~1+(x-2l

v= n S~ 1
[1"
t

(ll-'L\\
0-\.\\

:: 11 [ ~'"" -I
(X-l)
~ .J
"- IT [ hIA -I
- +C"l -\
-\ 3
:: n 1 ':ii:<-, - -~)
- it 7- 11l .:
-n'-'L <AV'.\'~ s S

(3+3+3=9 marks)
 PART C

The surface of the vase needs to be painted.

Question 9
a) When the graph x 2 + y2 = 1, 0:-;; x :-;; 1 is rotated around the x-axis, a
hemisphere is formed with radius 1.
Find the surface area of this hemisphere.
~L l ' 'tn' \
\..
- -4-l J'. ~\i'" I

~ 11 t-v"" ~ 1-

(2 marks)
Another formula for finding the surface area of revolution is found using the formula

5 = 27C
bf [yl 1+
(dIx )2 dx
a

b) Verify the surface area of the hemisphere found in Question 9 a).

,=
ol
(1- )(\) (.
.L

\ _.I-
S.:::. ,1..it S I

£)
~ I-.>(\.
•
~
,
-'----
~'-
~)<.."" .\ ( 1- ~ \.) )" - \. I, I otl'
- II

.: )..n t I\. 3 4 I

It L
l-t, \.

(_'<.\+hl.

\ -.... '

(5 marks)
 Question 10

a) Find the exact value of the surface area of the surface formed by rotation
of the graph with equation y = x + 1, from x = 0 to x = 2, around the x-
axis

'1 ::::: \(4 I S-= ;l.. Tr S l( 1l1- ;) .

0
Ii d.\
':b I
~~ .= J - )....rl 0- ~;.\)l. ~
- '- [ c)

~l-I
- - \\ T
\\. ~
,fLIT L ~l

( -t c2F"/ =-L \
- ~Jl.. n hL
t.A.,.v" ,'..

t 1."
l..

(4 marks)

b) Find the exact value of the surface area for the surface formed by rotation
of the curve with equation y = -IX, from x = 0 to x = 1, around the x-axis.

'1=
1.
'"t ... ~ 4'1-t- I c;/\'I
~ -+ _..I.
2.A
otl<.;= l.. \1 I
TI Sv' (Lt It;' \) t ~'l(
"\..L ...l. 7 • \
" L ~('-tIc.;'\JL>, '1~_
:: [ (~l-+ \) JL. 1 c;l

- I)
~ [s.J"s- - \3 t..oI....... ~-+~ 1.

(4 marks)
Question 11
Write the integral to be evaluated to calculate the surface area formed by rotating the
following graphs.
0) y = COSX. 0:<:; X:<:; 1.5 when rotated about the x-axis.

(c,> I~j 1+ S;"'ll~ d~

(~) l.=. ':.v-.l.,\ u."'\'~\l. CO

~.,... ~) l..:: (-t- ~:..,\ '\

Use your CAS to evaluate the surface area. Give your answers correct to 2 decimal
places.

5= ,- lCOct)\

/. l '\. ,..,....y,.,'i r L
Q
(3 marks)

b) Y = loge X. 1:<:; X :<:; e when rotated about the y-axis. Do not attempt to
evaluate.
)\ \ "'/- I
.. ...

'1 c flCOS<? J,
~:::F~~~-:=--- e "1. -= 1\

d'\
0.\

~I
 To evaluate the surface area generated when an arc expressed as a parametric
equation is rotated around the x-axis, the formula

SA = 2n JIyl
t,
(~; r d;r+( dt is used.

Question 12
Find the surface area generated when the arc of the curve y = 3t 2 , X = 3t - t 3
between t = 0 and t = 1 rotates about the x-axis.

)1 = ~ ~-f.) e, =- ., f. l..

~ ..::- b (~
~~~ ~ - 3f- \. o<.e:-

~J l~ (~-3~\.)\. 6
&) (+- (olE-
c-(~) (. -
t- q - l'is(\. i-'1t-'t i- )£ t L
-q 1- L~(\ i- q f T

-- q ((t-.z.(..\.1"-f~)
- ct C(t-CL\l CD
<)fr=- A-TI .s ot 3CL j,\ (l-\- f:.1.. \ \.
~" ~
~ .t'll 5e>' )E:I.."7-) ((1-C l \ o-tf..

-= (<t- n S.:>' f L .,. of "t" d. (-

l~n L~~+ ~36' ~ CD

l ~ n [ ( ..l~ + --\- ') - ( 0 7 ~) J
~
- ~.,.~ iI
f')~

= lot ~'Tl .j. l

t:;'" l.-VA \' t

(5 marks)
End of task