Contents

Variable Stresses in Machine Parts „ 205

Shells for Loader Engine
main gun

Sighting equipment

Commander
Driving
sprocket
Gunner

Driver
Main gun

Machine gun
Rubber tyres

Layout of a military tank.

Note : This picture is given as additional information and is not a direct example of the current chapter.

Example 6.8. A circular bar of 500 mm length is supported freely at its two ends. It is acted
upon by a central concentrated cyclic load having a minimum value of 20 kN and a maximum value
of 50 kN. Determine the diameter of bar by taking a factor of safety of 1.5, size effect of 0.85, surface
finish factor of 0.9. The material properties of bar are given by : ultimate strength of 650 MPa, yield
strength of 500 MPa and endurance strength of 350 MPa.
Solution. Given : l = 500 mm ; Wmin = 20 kN = 20 × 103 N ; Wmax = 50 kN = 50 × 103 N ;
F.S. = 1.5 ; Ksz = 0.85 ; Ksur = 0.9 ; σu = 650 MPa = 650 N/mm2 ; σy = 500 MPa = 500 N/mm2 ;
σe = 350 MPa = 350 N/mm2
Let d = Diameter of the bar in mm.
We know that the maximum bending moment,
W × l 50 × 103 × 500
Mmax = max = = 6250 × 103 N - mm
4 4
and minimum bending moment,
W × l 20 × 103 × 500
Mmin = min = = 2550 × 103 N - mm
4 4
∴ Mean or average bending moment,
M + M min 6250 × 103 + 2500 × 103
Mm = max = = 4375 × 103 N - mm
2 2
and variable bending moment,
M − M min 6250 × 103 − 2500 × 103
Mv = max = = 1875 × 103 N - mm
2 2
Section modulus of the bar,
π
Z = × d 3 = 0.0982 d 3 mm3
32
∴ Mean or average bending stress,
M m 4375 × 103 44.5 × 106
σm = Z = = N/mm 2
0.0982 d 3 d3

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