Pertemuan 4

3 Oktober 2017

ASPEK LINGKUNGAN

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 ISO 14001:2015 Structure
Copyright Susan LK Briggs
1. Scope 7. Support
2. Normative references
– Resources 10. Improvement
– Competence – General
3. Terms and definitions – Awareness – Nonconformity and
– Communication corrective action
4. Context of the organization • General – Continual
– Understanding the organization and its Improvement
• Internal communication
context
• External communication
– Understanding needs and expectations of
interested parties – Documented information Annex A –
– Scope of the management system • General Informative Guidance
– Environmental management system • Creating and updating
Annex B –
• Control of documented
5. Leadership information
Correspondence 2015
vs 2004
– Leadership & commitment
8. Operation
– Environmental policy – Operational planning and Bibliography
– Roles, responsibilities and authorities control
6. Planning – Emergency preparedness & Alphabetical
– Actions to address risks & opportunities
response Index
9. Performance evaluation
• General
– Monitoring, measurement,
• Environmental aspects
analysis & evaluation Key:
• Compliance obligations
• General Black – core MS requirement ,
• Planning action comparable to 14001:2004
• Evaluation of compliance
– Objectives and planning to achieve them Red – New MS requirements
– Internal audit Blue – ISO 14001, discipline-
• Environmental objectives
– Management review specific
• Planning to achieve objectives 2
Introduction 0 0 Introduction
Scope
PERBEDAAN
1 1 Scope
NormativeISO 14001:20014
references 2 VS
2 14001 :2015
Normative references
Terms and definitions 3 3 Terms and definitions
Context of the organization (title
4
only)
4 Environmental management system
requirements (title only)
Understanding the organization and
4.1
its context
Understanding the needs and
4.2
expectations of interested parties
Determining the scope of the
4.3 4.1 General requirements
environmental management system
Environmental management system 4.4 4.1 General requirements
Leadership (title only) 5
Leadership and commitment 5.1
Environmental policy 5.2 4.2 Environmental policy
Organizational roles, responsibilities Resources, roles, responsibility and
5.3 4.4.1
and authorities authority
Planning (title only) 6 4.3 Planning (title only) 3
 ISO 14001:2015 ISO 14001:2004
Clause title Clause Clause Clause title
number number
Planning action 6.1.4
Environmental objectives and
6.2
planning to achieve them (title only)
Environmental objectives 6.2.1 4.3.3 Objectives, targets and programme(s)
Planning actions to achieve
6.2.2
environmental objectives
Implementation and operation (title
Support (title only) 7 4.4
only)
Resources, roles, responsibility and
Resources 7.1 4.4.1
authority
Competence 7.2
4.4.2 Competence, training and awareness
Awareness 7.3
Communication (title only) 7.4
General 7.4.1
4.4.3 Communication
Internal communication 7.4.2
External communication 7.4.3
Documented information (title only) 7.5
4.4.4 Documentation
General 7.5.1
4.4.5 Control of documents
Creating and updating 7.5.2
4.5.4 Control of records
4.4.5 Control of documents
Control of documented information 7.5.3
4.5.4 Control of records
8 4.4 Implementation and operation (title
Operation (title only)
only)
Operational planning and control 8.1 4.4.6 Operational control
Emergency preparedness and Emergency preparedness and
8.2 4.4.7
response response
Performance evaluation (title only) 9 4.5 Checking (title only)
Monitoring, measurement, analysis
9.1 4.5.1 Monitoring and measurement
and evaluation (title only)
General 9.1.1 4
 ISO 14001:2015 ISO 14001:2004
Clause title Clause Clause Clause title
number number
Evaluation of compliance 9.1.2 4.5.2 Evaluation of compliance
Internal audit (title only) 9.2
General 9.2.1 4.5.5 Internal audit
Internal audit programme 9.2.2
Management review 9.3 4.6 Management review
Improvement (title only) 10
General 10.1
Nonconformity, corrective action and
Nonconformity and corrective action 10.2 4.5.3
preventive action
Continual improvement 10.3
Guidance on the use of this Guidance on the use of this
Annex A Annex A
International Standard International Standard
Correspondence between
Annex B
ISO 14001:2015 and ISO 14001:2004
Annex B Correspondence between
ISO 14001:2004 and ISO 9001:2000
Bibliography Bibliography
Alphabetical index of terms Index

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 Planning

●  Environmental aspects
●  Legal and other requirements
●  Objectives & Targets
●  Env Management Programme

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Plan (perencanaan)
Aspek Lingkungan

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 Organisasi harus membuat dan
memelihara prosedur utk :

1.  Mengidentifikasi aspek lingkungan

kegiatan, produk dan jasa dalam lingkup
sistem manajemen lingkungan yang
dapat dikendalikan dan yang dapat
dipengaruhi.
2.  Menentukan aspek yang mempunyai
dampak penting terhadap lingkungan

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Lanjutan

3. Organisasi harus mendokumentasikan

informasi ini dan memelihara
kemuktahirannya.
4. Organisasi harus memastikan bahwa
aspek lingkungan penting
diperhitungkan dalam penetapan,
penerapan dan pemeliharaan SML.

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Aspek &
Dampak Lingkungan
•  Aspek lingkungan adalah semua unsur
kegiatan, produk dan jasa organisasi
yang dapat mempengaruhi lingkungan
•  Dampak lingkungan adalah perubahan
pada lingkungan baik yang merugikan
atau menguntungkan yang dihasilkan
secara keseluruhan atau sebagian dari
aspek lingkungan

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Interpretasi Aspek Lingkungan

Organisasi harus mempunyai prosedur yang

menerangkan tentang :
•  Metodologi yg digunakan untuk
mengidentifikasi setiap aspek dan dampak
lingkungan dari kegiatan, jasa dan produknya
•  Metodologi penilaian dan penentuan aspek dan
dampak penting lingkungan
•  Penanggung jawab pelaksanaan identifikasi
dan penilaian aspek lingkungan

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Environmental aspects -1
•  Procedure for identifying & updating
environmental aspects shall be in
place
•  For activities, products or services that
the Organization can control or
influence
•  Procedure shall ensure identification
of those aspects that are significant

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 Komponen Lingkungan

•  Udara, air tanah, limbah (padat, cair dan

gas)
•  Pemanfaatan bahan dan sumber daya
alam (spt : energi, bahan baku)
•  Kebisingan, getaran dan bau
•  Isyu lingkungan lokal dan global
•  Limbah/Waste by product

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 Aspects and impacts

Suppliers
Environment

Company

• Activities
• Products
• Services

Clients

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 Activity, aspect, impact

Activity Aspect Impact

Driving a car Exhaust Gases Global

warming

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 Activity, aspect, impact

Activity Aspect Impact

Car washing River pollution Fish killed

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 Environmental aspects -2

Environmental Significance criteria Significant EMS core elements

Input criteria aspects based on potential aspects (selection)
impacts

Quantity Policy
Interested Parties History History
Toxicity Objectives &
Sensitivity targets
Agenda 21
Suppliers Risk Suppliers
Rio Declaration Training
LCA awareness
Customer
Process Process Operational
Legal control
Initial Image
Review Products Auditing
Products
Reviewing
Brainstorm

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 Kondisi Lingkungan

•  Normal
•  Abnormal(termasuk start up dan shut
down)
•  Darurat

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Identification of aspects and
impacts

Direct / Indirect Environment

Company

Past /
Present /
Future
ASPECTS

Normal / Abnormal
Accident & Emergency

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 Environmental aspects:
examples

Manufacturing Products Historical

Suppliers
processes
• Packaging •  Spills
• Packaging • Emissions
• Transport •  Landfill areas
• Transports • Noise and odour
• Emissions •  Contamination of
• Raw materials • Use of chemicals
• Energy buildings
• Energy efficiency • Energy efficiency
• efficiency •  Drummed waste
• Pollution • Resource use
• Disposal
• Waste
• Recyclability
• Contamination of
land

•  Significant aspects shall be considered

when setting environmental objectives
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Identifikasi Metodologi

•  Identifikasi input dan output

•  Flowcharts proses
•  Teknik teknik yang digunakan
dalam AMDAL

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 PROCESS CONTROL MAP
Inputs
Energy Water

Men
Final Product
Materials

Methods
ACTIVITIES Rejects
Machines

Solids Liquids Outputs Effluent Energy

Packaging Oils Sludge Heat
Materials Solvents Wastewater Light
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Significance evaluation method -1
Identify all Evaluate for
aspects & significance
impacts

Is it
regulated? Yes

No
Is it a policy Yes
requirement?

No Was it involved in
previous accidents
&/or incidents? Yes
Manage Operational
Control
Procedure
Re-evaluate Required
after Is there public Yes
months No
concern? Can it be managed
or does it need
improvement? Objective &
Other criteria for Yes Significant Target
No significance aspect Required

No Non-significant
aspect Improve
EM
Maintain Programme
record Required

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Significance evaluation methods -2

Aspects Quantity Sensitivity Toxicity Rating

(1-5) (1-5) (1-5)

Emission of VOCCl 2 1 2 4

Emission of VOC 1 3 4 12

Emission of dust 5 1 1 5

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 4 4 1 16

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 5 3 1 15

(QST - emissions)
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 Significance evaluation methods -3

Aspects Quantity Sensitivity Toxicity Rating

(1-5) (1-5) (1-5)

Use of Cu 2 1 2 4

Use of Al 1 1 1 1

Use of emulsion 5 1 1 5

Use of energy 3 3 1 9

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 4 4 1 16

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 5 3 1 15

(QST - use of resources)

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•  Metoda penilaian dan penentuan aspek dan
dampak penting lingkungan ditentukan
sendiri oleh organisasi tetapi harus logis,
sistematis, lengkap dan efektif
•  Personil yang mengidentifikasi, menilai dan
menentukan aspek dan dampak penting
lingkungan harus kompeten
•  Aspek dan dampak lingkungan dari
organisasi harus dikaji, terutama jika ada
perubahan pada kegiatan, jasa dan produk,
serta perubahan peraturan.

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Agar identifikasi aspek
lingkungan berjalan dengan baik,
maka :

Organisasi harus mengumpulkan :

Data kuantitatif dan atau kualitatif mengenai
karakteristik kegiatan, produk dan jasa seperti
masukan dan keluaran, bahan atau energi,
proses dan teknologi yang digunakan, fasilitas
dan lokasi, metoda transportasi dan faktor
manusia.

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Penentuan prioritas
dampak penting/
significant
Dari Kriteria Lingkungan :
•  Bagaimana skala dampaknya ??
•  Bagaimana tingkat keparahan
dampak??
•  Bagaimana durasi dampak
berlangsung??

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Lanjutan…………

•  Dari persyaratan peraturan perudangan

yang berlaku (seperti batasan emisi dan
buangan dalam ijin atau peraturan)
•  Dari pandangan pihak2 berkepentingan
internal dan eksternal (seperti yang terkait
dengan nilai organisasi)

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TUGAS :

IDENTIFIKASIKANLAH ASPEK
LINGKUNGAN PADA KONDISI NORMAL
DAN DAMPAK LINGKUNGANNYA DARI
INDUSTRI/JASA YANG TELAH KALIAN
PILIH DAN TENTUKAN PRIORITAS
DAMPAKNYA

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