FULL NAME:_______________________________________ CODE:____________________
NOTE:
I. Put the correct order and title a. The future of green architecture. b. the Next Industrial Revolution
c. Recuperating biomimicry d. An economic crisis: an opportunity for sustainable architecture
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A Throughout history, homes were built to take
advantage of sun, wind and water. The 20th Century: it
was assumed that cheap oil would bring light, heat and
artificial air. The 21st Century?
Coinciding with the simultaneous bursting of the real
estate bubble in many countries and the hardening of
credit markets, sustainable architecture has gone from
being marginalized to an increasingly common part of any
type of project (residences, offices, public works).
The green building has grown in spite of the market
downturn according to a 2009 report by McGraw-Hill
Construction. They determined that the sector seems
insulated from the recession due to an increased
awareness of bottom line advantages for owners and a
heavy increase in government incentives and mandates of
eco-friendly features.
The Economist explains the boom in this type of
construction as being due to “rising energy prices, new
standards (the European Union’s Energy Performance of
Buildings Directive, Britain’s Code for Sustainable Homes
and California’s Green Building Standards Code, to name
three recent examples), and improved technologies”.
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B A bioclimatic house can substantially reduce energy use
and even do away with the need for it completely. Dwellings
defined as bioclimatic take advantage of concepts used in
Roman towns:
• Orientation: orient windows toward the south (Northern
Hemisphere) or toward the north (Southern Hemisphere) to
capture more solar radiation in winter and less in summer. In the
hottest zones, it’s advantageous to place the windows in the
opposite way (back to the equator). In this way, the windowed
side will only be radiated by the sun first thing in the morning and
the last hour in the evening (reducing the heat flow). Despite the
simplicity of this idea, in the past century it has lost popularity.
• Greenhouse effect: cover windows with large and
vertical shutters, on the exterior, to prevent the sun’s rays from
entering in summer and the generation of the greenhouse effect,
a common occurrence in modern homes and apartments, to the
good fortune of air conditioning manufacturers.
• Thermal insulation: most older European homes were
built with thicker walls than those of today’s buildings. Thick walls
prevent temperature variation, due to their thermal inertia. Thick
walls prevent heat loss in winter and the entrance of heat in
summer.
C Scores of traditional building methods originating from all
over the world are inspiring many current examples of
sustainable construction, with the same naturalness that
Antoni Gaudí took from nature in both structural principles, as
well as, ornamental elements. Permaculture, for example,
aims to design human habitats that are healthy and respectful
of the environment by mimicking relationships found in
nature.In a recognition of the virtues of traditional building,
sustainable construction does not only try to use technological
advances, but to recover ancient systems of insulation and
orientation, as well as to use local materials with contrasting
performance (from stone to adobe, including clay, earth and
natural fibers). During his trips through Asia, Africa and Latin
America, Bill Mollison, co-author of Permaculture One, a book
that served as the foundation of permaculture, discovered
ancient practices that had contributed to the sustainability of
old agricultural and hunter-gatherer cultures, which he helped
re-popularize. Mollison had originally developed his idea for
agricultural production, although he soon saw that the idea
could be applied to distinct, interrelated aspects of human life,
like construction, education, the economy and social
organization.
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D The sustainable house (an example: CERES EcoHouse)
isn’t just a reaction to an increase in energy costs or
international or governmental mandates against climate
change, but encompasses a general strategy to improve our
lives and help us adapt to whatever situation . A sustainable
house is healthier, consumers less energy and generates less
waste, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA). A sustainable building can also produce food, with the
planting of urban gardens (see our report Why we all will be
gardeners), whether in backyards or balconies or on walls
(vertical gardens). Sustainable implies better functionality,
better health, more energy independence, economic savings,
both in residential construction and civic works.Simple living
(or “downshifting” as we discuss in an article) is applied
inclusively to increasingly more disciplines, including types of
dwellings.
ACTIVITY 1
1.Read and complete the text.
2. choose 20 new words within the texts and make 10 sentences that
include 2 new words for each
• Cross ventilation: the difference in temperature and 3. Write 5 questions and answers about the text
pressure between two areas with opposing orientatin. 5. Write the dialogue: express your plans one year, five, ten years
and twenty years (personal and professional life).

Future with 'Going to'

The future with 'going to' is used to speak about future
intentions or plans made before the present moment. Use the
following forms with 'going to'.
Positive: Formed by combining Subject + to be + going to
+ base form of verb + object(s)
Negative: Formed by combining Subject + to be + not +
going to + base form of verb + object(s)
Question: Formed by combining (Question Word) + to be +
subject + going to + base form of verb
Examples:
We are going to study French next semester.
Where are you going to stay in France?
She isn't going to take a vacation this year.
Going to Is Used for Planned Decisions
Planned decisions are decisions made BEFORE the moment
of speaking.
Examples:
I'm going to study Languages at university next year.
We're going to stay at the Hilton in New York next week.

2. Future With 'Will' Structure:

I will study the master in London.
Positive: Subject + will + verb
(I, You, He, She, We, They) will come to the party.
Negative: Subject + will + not (won't) + verb
(I, You, He, She, We, They) won't have time tomorrow.
Questions: Question word + will + subject + verb
What will (he, she, you, we) they do?

Write Your project life (1,5, 10,15 and 20 years):