VERBAL REASONING

Logical Sequence Of Words - Verbal Reasoning Questions and Answers with solutions or
explanation for interview, entrance tests and competitive exams. Practice online quiz, fully
solved examples with detailed answers. Logical sequence of words is all about Consistent
arrangement which is the important course of action of words as per the characteristic laws
and all around acknowledged ideas. Certain between related words are given and
numbered, followed by different groupings of the numbers meaning them, as options. The
competitor is required to mastermind these words in a logical arrangement in light of a
typical property and after that pick the accurately reviewed succession from the given
options.

Logical sequence of words can be discussed by following four sequences. They are:
 1. Sequence of Occurrence of events or various stages in a process.
 2. Sequence of objects in a class or group, from part to the whole.
 3. Sequence of increasing/decreasing size, value, intensity etc.

Sequence of Occurrence of events or various stages in a process:

 In this, the given words might be such that they are identified with a specific occasion or
speak to the different phases of a specific binded process from start to finish. An applicant is
required to pick that choice from the given options, which speaks to the right logical
grouping of the procedure.
Sequence of objects in a class or group, from part to the whole:
 Words might be given such that they are identified with a specific class or a gathering. A
candidate is required to pick that choice from the given option which shows the right logical
arrangement of the items in a specific class or gathering. The examples given underneath
will give you a superior thought regarding such words
Sequence of increasing/decreasing size, value, intensity etc:
 The things or articles represented by the given words might be identified with each other as
far as their properties. An applicant is required to organize the given words on the premise
of expanding/decreasing request of their size, age, need, value, intensity etc.

1.  Arrange the words given below in a meaningful sequence.

1. Key 2. Door 3. Lock
5. Switch
4. Room  
on

A. 5, 1, 2, 4, 3

B. 4, 2, 1, 5, 3
 C. 1, 3, 2, 4, 5

D
1, 2, 3, 5, 4
.
Answer: Option C

2.  Arrange the words given below in a meaningful sequence.

2.
1. Word 3. Sentence
Paragraph
4. Letters 5. Phrase  
A. 4, 1, 5, 2, 3

B. 4, 1, 3, 5, 2

C. 4, 2, 5, 1, 3

D
4, 1, 5, 3, 2
.
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
The correct order is :

Phras
Letters Word Sentence Paragraph
e
4 1 5 3 2

3.  Arrange the words given below in a meaningful sequence.

1. Police 2. Punishment 3. Crime
4. Judge 5. Judgement  
A. 3, 1, 2, 4, 5

B. 1, 2, 4, 3, 5

C. 5, 4, 3, 2, 1

D
3, 1, 4, 5, 2
.
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
The correct order is :
 Crim Judgemen
Police Judge Punishment
e t
3 1 4 5 2

4. Arrange the words given below in a meaningful sequence.

1. Family 2. Community 3. Member
4.
5. Country  
Locality
A. 3, 1, 2, 4, 5

B. 3, 1, 2, 5, 4

C. 3, 1, 4, 2, 5

D
3, 1, 4, 5, 2
.
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
The correct order is :

Membe
Family Community Locality Country
r
3 1 2 4 5

5. Arrange the words given below in a meaningful sequence.

1. Poverty 2. Population 3. Death
4.
5. Disease  
Unemployment
A. 2, 3, 4, 5, 1

B. 3, 4, 2, 5, 1

C. 2, 4, 1, 5, 3

D
1, 2, 3, 4, 5
.
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
The correct order is :
Population Unemployment Poverty Disease Death
2 4 1 5 3

6.  Arrange the words given below in a meaningful sequence.

1. Leaf 2. Fruit 3. Stem
4.
5. Flower  
Root
A. 3, 4, 5, 1, 2

B. 4, 3, 1, 5, 2

C. 4, 1, 3, 5, 2

D
4, 3, 1, 2, 5
.
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
The correct order is :

Roo
Stem Leaf Flower Fruit
t
4 3 1 5 2

7.  Arrange the words given below in a meaningful sequence.

1. Nation 2. Village 3. City
4. District 5. State  
A. 2, 3, 4, 5, 1

B. 2, 3, 4, 1, 5

C. 1, 3, 5, 4, 2

D
1, 2, 3, 4, 5
.
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
The correct order is :

Villag
City District State Nation
e
 2 3 4 5 1

8. Arrange the words given below in a meaningful sequence.

1.
2. Family 3. Newly married Couple
Caste
4. Clan 5. Species  
A. 2, 3, 1, 4, 5

B. 3, 4, 5, 1, 2

C. 3, 2, 1, 4, 5

D
4, 5, 3, 2, 1
.
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
The correct order is :

Newly married Cla

Family Caste Species
Couple n

9. Arrange the words given below in a meaningful sequence.

2. Put
1. Cut 3. Mark
on
4.
5. Tailor  
Measure
A. 3, 1, 5, 4, 2

B. 2, 4, 3, 1, 5

C. 1, 3, 2, 4, 5

D
4, 3, 1, 5, 2
.
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
The correct order is :

Measur
Mark Cut Tailor Put on
e
4 3 1 5 2
  10. Arrange the words given below in a meaningful sequence.
1. House 2. Street 3. Room
4. Town 5. District  
A. 3, 2, 1, 4, 5

B. 3, 1, 4, 2, 5

C. 3, 1, 2, 4, 5

D
3, 1, 2, 5, 4
.
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
The correct order is :

Room House Street Town District

3 1 2 4 5

11. Arrange the words given below in a meaningful sequence.

1. Wall 2. Clay 3. House
4.
5. Bricks  
Room
A. 5, 2, 1, 4, 3

B. 2, 5, 4, 1, 3

C. 2, 5, 1, 4, 3

D
1, 2, 3, 4, 5
.
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
The correct order is :

Brick
Clay Wall Room House
s
2 5 1 4 3

12. Arrange the words given below in a meaningful sequence.

 1. Probation 2. Interview 3. Selection
4.
5. Advertisement 6. Application
Appointment
A. 5, 6, 3, 2, 4, 1

B. 5, 6, 4, 2, 3, 1

C. 5, 6, 2, 3, 4, 1

D
6, 5, 4, 2, 3, 1
.
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
The correct order is :

Intervie Appointmen
Advertisement Application Selection Probation
w t
5 6 2 3 4 1

Blood Relation : The questions on blood relations are an integral part of the reasoning or
mental ability section of almost all the competitive exams. You will mostly see 2- 3 questions
on this in the tests. Sometimes the number increases as the examiner may put a full block of
3 – 4 questions based on relationships. Before we move on to some solved problems on
blood relations, let us go through some typical relations and the direct meanings of the
same. In most of the questions on blood relations, the statement always gives an indirect
reference to the person. Hence, it becomes really important to learn these blood relation
trick.

Blood Relation Chart

Indirect Reference The real relation

Father’s or Mother’s Daughter Sister
Father’s or Mother’s Son Brother
Father’s or Mother’s Sister Aunt
Father’s or Mother’s Brother Uncle
Father’s or Mother’s Mother Grandmother
Father’s or Mother’s Father Grandfather
 Daughter’s Husband Son-in-law
Son’s Wife Daughter – in – law
Husband’s or Wife’s Brother Brother – in – law
Husband’s or Wife’s Sister Sister – In – law
Brother’s Daughter Niece
Brother’s Son Nephew
Brother’s Wife Sister-in-law
Sister’s Husband Brother- in- law
Aunt’s or Uncle’s Son or Daughter Cousin
Granddaughter’s or  Grandson’s daughter Great grand daughter

You must go through this blood relation chart in a detailed manner. Do remember that
paternal grandfather, paternal grandmother, father, mother, brother, and sister are
considered to be blood relatives. Unless mentioned otherwise, all the relations are
considered from the father’s side i.e. grandfather will refer to your father’s father and
grandmother will refer to your father’s mother unless mentioned otherwise. In statement
based relation questions, a technique called backtracking is applied.

Backtracking means starting from the last word & moving backwards. Eg- if Nikhil said, “A is
the daughter of the sister of my father’s only son”.

Then we start from the last information: “My father’s only son → Me

Daughter of my sister → “Niece”

Hence A is the niece of  Nikhil.

1. Pointing to a photograph of a boy Suresh said, "He is the son of the only son of my
mother." How is Suresh related to that boy?
A. Brother

B. Uncle

C. Cousin

D
Father
.
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
The boy in the photograph is the only son of the son of Suresh's mother i.e., the son of
Suresh. Hence, Suresh is the father of boy.

2. If A+ B means A is the mother of B; A - B means A is the brother B; A % B means A is the

father of B and A x B means A is the sister of B, which of the following shows that P is the
maternal uncle of Q?
A. Q - N + M x P

B. P + S x N – Q

C. P - M + N x Q

D
Q-S%P
.
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
P - M → P is the brother of M
M + N → M is the mother of N
N x Q → N is the sister of Q
Therefore, P is the maternal uncle of Q.

3. If A is the brother of B; B is the sister of C; and C is the father of D, how D is related to A?

A. Brother

B. Sister

C. Nephew

D
Cannot be determined
.
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
If D is Male, the answer is Nephew.
If D is Female, the answer is Niece.
As the sex of D is not known, hence, the relation between D and A cannot be determined.
Note: Niece - A daughter of one's brother or sister, or of one's brother-in-law or sister-in-
law. Nephew - A son of one's brother or sister, or of one's brother-in-law or sister-in-law.

4. Introducing a boy, a girl said, "He is the son of the daughter of the father of my uncle."
 How is the boy related to the girl?
A. Brother

B. Nephew

C. Uncle

D
Son-in-law
.
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
The father of the boy's uncle → the grandfather of the boy and daughter of the
grandfather → sister of father.

5. Pointing to a photograph Lata says, "He is the son of the only son of my grandfather."
How is the man in the photograph related to Lata?
A. Brother

B. Uncle

C. Cousin

D
Data is inadequate
.
Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The man in the photograph is the son of the only son of Lata's grandfather i.e., the man is
the son of Lata's father. Hence, the man is the brother of Lata.

6 . A + B means A is the brother of B; A x B means A is the son of B; and A % B means B is the

daughter of A then which of the following means M is the maternal uncle of N?
A. M + O x N

B. M % O x N + P

C. M + O % N

D
None of these
.
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Because the sex of O is not known.

7. If D is the brother of B, how B is related to C? To answer this question which of the

statements is/are necessary?
 The son of D is the grandson of C.
B is the sister of D.
A. Only 1

B. Only 2

C. Either 1 or 2

D
1 and 2 both are required
.
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Given: D is the brother of B.
From statement 1, we can detect that D is son of C (son of D is the grandson of C).
From statement 2, we can detect that B is 'Female' (sister of D).
Therefore, B is daughter of C.

Direction Sense: In this article, we are going to discuss how to solve direction sense test
questions in reasoning. Questions based on this concept are frequently asked in various
aptitude tests and competitive exams. Directions questions asked in the exam are based on
two principles-

 Distance
 Direction
The first step for solving the questions using the concept of 'directions' is to understand the
direction chart, which has 8 directions. Take a look at the direction chart given below

The first point you need to remember is that each main direction change undergoes a 90°
change in direction e.g. from North to West/East it will be 90° change. But the change
between North and North-east is only 45°.
The next important point that needs to be kept in mind is that directions problems generally
quiz you about the minimum distance, distance by air, crow fly distance etc. For the purpose
of solving these questions, we assume all these distances to be along straight lines and
between specified points. We use the concept of Pythagoras theorem to solve the
questions. This concept is discussed in this article.

Left Right Movement

A person facing north, on taking left will face towards west and on taking the right turn
towards east.

A person facing west, on taking left will face towards south and on taking right turn towards
north.

A person facing east, on taking left will face towards north and on taking the right turn
towards south.

A person facing south, on taking left will face towards east and on taking the right turn
towards west.

Hence, we can sum up the above points as:

 Whenever a person moves to his left side, he will move towards anti- clockwise
direction.
 Whenever a person moves to his right side, he will move towards clockwise
direction.

Note: When a question says moved towards left or right side, we assume that the
movement is at an angle of 90 degrees.
Concept of Pythagoras Theorem
We'll use the concept of Pythagoras theorem to solve the questions on directions.
In a right-angled triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of
the other two sides.
 c2=a2 + b2
Let's understand the above discussed
concepts with the help of some solved
examples.
Solved Examples:
Example 1: A man goes 3 kms. East from
point A and then takes a right turn from point B to move 4 kms. to point C. What is the
minimum distance between point A and point C?

Solution: In order to find the minimum distance between these points, we use a little bit of
geometry. We know that the minimum distance between these points will lie along the
hypotenuse of the right-angled triangle formed by these points.

Now applying Pythagoras theorem, the distance between the starting point A and final point
C is 5 kms i.e. the square root of the sum of squares of 3 and 4.

An important point to learn from this question could be the fact that you might be asked to
specify the direction of the specific point, for example, the question might state: "in which
direction is he with respect to the starting point". The answer would be South-east.

Now, in case the question was: "In which direction is the starting point with respect to C";
the answer would be North-west.

Another question could be: "In which direction is he walking towards point C"; the answer
would be South.

While calculating the distance from a starting point to the destination point when the points
form a right-angled triangle, the prior knowledge of Pythagorean Triplets (3-4-5, 5-12-13, 8-
15-17 etc.) is generally very helpful in calculating the distances involved as it saves time
spent on calculations. Let us solve an example that uses this knowledge.

Example 2: A child is looking for his father. He went 90 metres in the East before turning to
his right. He went 20 meters before turning to his right again to look for his father at his
uncle’s place 30 metres from this point. His father was not there. From here he went 100
metres to the North before meeting his father in a street. What is the smallest distance
between the starting point and his father’s position?
1. 80 metres
2. 100 metres
3. 140 metres
4. 260 metres
Solution:

The movement of the child from A to E is as shown in fig.

Clearly, the child meets his father at E.
Now, AF = (AB - FB)
= (AB - DC) = (90 - 30) m = 60 m.
EF = (DE - DF) = (DE - BC)
= (100 - 20) m = 80 m.
Now the distance is square root of (602 + 802), which will be 100 metres.
We can clearly see from the above example that knowledge of basic concepts can go a long
way in reducing the time you take to solve problems, along with improving your accuracy.
Make sure you place sufficient emphasis on the topics such as 'direction based questions',
and your performance is surely meant to improve.
Practice Questions
1. A direction pole was on the crossing. Due to an accident, the pole turned in such a
manner, that the pointer which was showing East, started showing South. One
traveler went to the wrong direction thinking it to be West. In what direction was he
actually travelling?

a) South
b) East
c) West
d) North
 2. Rahul walks 30 metres towards south then turns to his right and starts walking straight till he
completes another 30 meters. Then again turning to his left he walks 20 metres. He then
turns to his left and walks for 30 metres. How far is he from his initial position?

a) 30 metres
b) 50 metres
c) 10 metres
d) 60 metres

3. A person moves North, then turns to his right and then again right and then finally go to left.
In which direction is he moving now?

a) East
b) South-East
c) West
d) North

Answer:

1. D

2. B

3. A

Data Sufficiency: Data Sufficiency questions often involve very simple calculations. This does
not mean that the questions are simple. It just means that the chances to make conceptual
mistakes and / or silly mistakes are a little higher than usual. You will need to pay attention
to detail in such questions.

In Data Sufficiency, you need to figure out whether or not the data given in the question /
statements is good enough to find out a unique answer. Once again – is the data enough to
find out a unique answer?

 Please note that in Data Sufficiency:

 You do not need to find out the answer

 You need to find out whether or not you can find out the answer

A Data Sufficiency question set will contain the following:

 Instructions – they may vary set per set

  Questions (with or without data)
 Two statements (with data – may or may not be sufficient)

A typical set of Instructions (4 options):

1. If one of the statements alone is sufficient

2. If both the statements alone are sufficient
3. If both statements together are sufficient but neither is sufficient alone
4. If both statements together are not sufficient

Let us look at a few simple questions to understand the concept in a better way. Please note
that these questions are way too simple to be asked in an exam like CAT, but they are
necessary for understanding the idea.

Q1. What is the value of ‘x’?

Statement A:                    x < 10

Statement B:                    x > 8

By combining both statements, I can say that x lies between 8 and 10. The only integer
between 8 and 10 is 9. So my answer should be Option 3

WRONG!

Nowhere in the question it is mentioned that x is an integer / natural number. Until and
unless that is specified, we cannot uniquely determine the value of ‘x’. It can take any value
from 8 to 10 {eg: 8.1, 8,2, 9.999, etc.}

So, the correct answer would be Option 4

Q2. What is the value of ‘x + y’?

Statement A:                     3x + 7y = 10

Statement B:                     2x + 9y = 8

Two equations, two variables. I can solve the equations to find out the values of x & y and
hence, I can find out the value of ‘x+y’ Option 3

Q3. What is the value of ‘x + y’?

Statement A:                     3x –  7y = 10
Statement B:                     14y = 6x + 19

By combining the two statements I get – Two equations, two variables. I can solve the
equations to find out the values of x & y. Hence, I can find out the value of ‘x+y’ Option 3

 WRONG!

These two equations represent a set of parallel lines. They are  inconsistent with each other.
I will not be able to determine the values of x & y. Hence, I cannot find out the value of
‘x+y’ Option 4

Q4. Question: In which year was Rahul born ?

Statements:
Rahul at present is 25 years younger to his mother.
Rahul's brother, who was born in 1964, is 35 years younger to his mother.
A. I alone is sufficient while II alone is not sufficient

B. II alone is sufficient while I alone is not sufficient

C. Either I or II is sufficient

D
Neither I nor II is sufficient
.

E. Both I and II are sufficient

Answer: Option E
Explanation:
From both I and II, we find that Rahul is (35 - 25) = 10 years older than his brother, who
was born in 1964. So, Rahul was born in 1954.

Question: What will be the total weight of 10 poles, each of the same weight ?
Statements:
One-fourth of the weight of each pole is 5 kg.
The total weight of three poles is 20 kilograms more than the total weight of two
poles.
A. I alone is sufficient while II alone is not sufficient

B. II alone is sufficient while I alone is not sufficient

C. Either I or II is sufficient

D
Neither I nor II is sufficient
.

E. Both I and II are sufficient

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
From I, we conclude that weight of each pole = (4x5) kg = 20 kg.
So, total weight of 10 poles = (20 x 10) kg = 200 kg.
From II, we conclude that:
Weight of each pole = (weight of 3 poles) - (weight of 2 poles) = 20 kg.
So, total weight of 10 pojes = (20 x 10) kg = 200 kg.

Question: How many children does M have ?

Statements:
H is the only daughter of X who is wife of M.
K and J are brothers of M.
A. I alone is sufficient while II alone is not sufficient

B. II alone is sufficient while I alone is not sufficient

C. Either I or II is sufficient

D
Neither I nor II is sufficient
.

E. Both I and II are sufficient

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
From I, we conclude that H is the only daughter of M. But this does not indicate that M has
no son. The information given in II is immaterial.
Question: How much was the total sale of the company ?
Statements:
The company sold 8000 units of product A each costing Rs. 25.
This company has no other product line.
A. I alone is sufficient while II alone is not sufficient

B. II alone is sufficient while I alone is not sufficient

C. Either I or II is sufficient

D
Neither I nor II is sufficient
.

E. Both I and II are sufficient

Answer: Option E
Explanation:
 From I, total sale of product A = Rs. (8000 x 25) = Rs. 200000.
From II, we know that the company deals only in product A.
This implies that sale of product A is the total sale of the company, which is Rs. 200000.
Question: The last Sunday of March, 2006 fell on which date ?
Statements:
The first Sunday of that month fell on 5th.
The last day of that month was Friday.
A. I alone is sufficient while II alone is not sufficient

B. II alone is sufficient while I alone is not sufficient

C. Either I or II is sufficient
5. 
D
Neither I nor II is sufficient
.

E. Both I and II are sufficient

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
From I, we conclude that 5th, 12th, 19th and 26th of March, 2006 were Sundays.
So, the last Sunday fell on 26th.
From II, we conclude that 31st March, 2006 was Friday. Thus, 26th March, 2006 was the
last Sunday of the month.

Question: What is the code for 'sky' in the code language ?

Statements:
In the code language, 'sky is clear' is written as 'de ra fa'.
In the same code language, 'make it clear' is written as 'de ga jo'.
A. I alone is sufficient while II alone is not sufficient

B. II alone is sufficient while I alone is not sufficient

C. Either I or II is sufficient

D
Neither I nor II is sufficient
.

E. Both I and II are sufficient

Answer: Option D

Explanation:
The only word common to I and II is 'clear' and as such, only the code for 'clear' can be
ascertained from the given information.